Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Developing an Instrumentation Package for in-Water Testing of Marine Hydrokinetic Energy Devices Nelson, E. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA License Conditions Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Statutory Nature Conservation Agency Protocol for Minimising the Risk of Injury to Marine Mammals from Piling Noise Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Greening Blue Energy: Identifying and Managing the Biodiversity Risks and Opportunities of Offshore Renewable Energy Wilhelmsson, D., Malm, T., Thompson, R. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Bat Mortality at Wind Turbines in Northwestern Europe Rydell, J., Bach, L., Dubourg-Savage, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm: Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Sørensen, T., Giammichele, F., Barberis-Negra, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A crane movement model parameterized using portable radar for evaluating response to wind energy development Kirsch, E., Diehl, R., Suarez, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Shorebirds
Triton Knoll Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Wilson, M., Ireland, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 3: Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 2: Avian Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Barriers to Movement: Modelling Energetic Costs of Avoiding Marine Wind Farms Amongst Breeding Seabirds Masden, E., Haydon, D., Fox, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Novel Scavenger Removal Trials Increase Wind Turbine - Caused Avian Fatality Estimates Smallwood, K., Bell, D., Snyder, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 1: Overview, Summary, and Application Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
The Effect of a Large Danish Offshore Wind Farm on Harbor and Gray Seal Haul-Out Behavior Edrén, S., Andersen, S., Teilmann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast Kaplan, B., Beegle-Krause, C., McCay, D. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 4: Fish and Fisheries Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
LCA sensitivity analysis of a multi-megawatt wind turbine Martínez, E., Jiménez, E., Blanco, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Fish And Sessile Assemblages Associated With Wind-turbine Constructions In The Baltic Sea Andersson, M., Öhman, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates
Wind Energy: Progress and Potential Kaygusuz, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Coastal And Offshore Wind Energy Generation: Is It Environmentally Benign? Wilson, J., Elliott, M., Cutts, N. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change
Spatial Trade-Offs between Wind Power Production and Bird Collision Avoidance in Agricultural Landscape Eichhorn, M., Drechsler, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Raptors
Search Areas for Monitoring Bird and Bat Carcasses at Wind Farms using a Monte-Carlo Model Hull, C., Muir, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Assessing Underwater Noise Levels during Pile-Driving at an Offshore Windfarm and its Potential Effects on Marine Mammals Bailey, H., Senior, B., Simmons, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
The Plan for Offshore Wind Energy in Scottish Territorial Waters Pre-Screening for Appropriate Assessment Halcrow Group Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
An Acoustic Study of Bat Activity at the Proposed Coyote Crest Wind Power Project, Washington, Spring-Fall 2008 Hein, C., Rodman, L. , Schwab, N. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Informe Ambiental Resumen: Parque Eólico Minas 1 CSI Ingenieros Report Wind Energy Environmental Impact Assessment
Environment and Siting: Supporting Research on Impacts to Birds, Bats and Habitats from Wind Development National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
The Impacts of Roads and other Infrastructure on Mammal and Bird Populations: A Meta-Analysis Benitez-Lopez, A., Alkemade, R., Verweij, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals, Birds
Humber Gateway Met Mast & Inshore Cable Route Video Survey Precision Marine Survey Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Assessment of offshore wind energy resources for the United States Schwartz, M., Heimiller, D., Haymes, S. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions
California Offshore Wind Energy Potential Dvorak, M., Archer, C., Jacobson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
An Overview Of Ocean Renewable Energy Technologies Bedard, R., Jacobson, P., Previsic, M. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, OTEC, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Human Perception of Sound from Wind Turbines Pedersen, E., Forssén, J., Waye, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Guidelines on the Environmental Impact Assessment for Wind Farms Ivanović, S., Cvetković, S., Tošović, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Quantifying the Relative Use of Coastal Waters by Breeding Terns: Towards Effective Tools for Planning & Assessing the Ornithological Impact of Offshore Wind Farms Perrow, M., Gilroy, J., Skeate, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Conceptual Model of Offshore Wind Environmental Risk Evaluation System Anderson, R., Copping, A., Van Cleve, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Environmental and Ecological Effects of Ocean Renewable Energy Development: A Current Synthesis Boehlert, G., Gill, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Impact of Terrestrial Wind Farms on Diurnal Raptors: Developing a Spatial Vulnerability Index and Potential Vulnerability Maps Noguera, J., Pérez, I., Mínguez, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Ocean Planning and the Gulf of Maine: Exploring Bi-National Policy Options Fanning, L., Heimes, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
The Potential Health Impact of Wind Turbines Chief Medical Officer of Heath of Ontario Report Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Displaying 5281 - 5320 of 6408 results