Terrestrial Mammals

A broad term that encompasses carnivores (wolves, bears) and ungulates (deer, moose).

Studies have largely focused on the impact of land-based wind energy facilities on large carnivores (wolves, bears) and ungulates (deer, moose), though smaller animals may be affected in similar ways. The construction process may temporarily displace mammals, causing a reduction in habitat. Access roads may permanently reduce habitat and can cause segmentation for smaller animals. Turbine noise emissions and visual stimuli (reflections, shadows, lighting) may stress wildlife and livestock, but animals may become accustomed to these disturbances. However, wind farms are not known to cause any direct mortality to terrestrial mammals.

Photo Credit: Jared Belson

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 84
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The contingent impact of wind farms on game mammal density demonstrated in a large-scale analysis of hunting bag data in Poland Klich, D., Kawka, J., Łopucki, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
OES-Environmental 2024 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind of change: Wind power establishments correlate with changes in moose harvests in central Sweden and Norway Berg, E. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Terrestrial Mammals
Will future wind power development in Scandinavia have an impact on wolves? Miltz, C., Eriksen, A., Wikenros, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Assessing the ecological effects of the Lista wind power park on vegetation and cervids Lebesbye, E. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment, Terrestrial Mammals
Supporting National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Energy Development Related to Electromagnetic Frequencies from Buried Transmission Cables Middleton, P., Barnhart, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions
Occupancy model to unveil wildlife utilization at Yeongyang-gun wind farm management road, Korea Kim, S-H., Dhakal, T., Yoon, T-G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
How far are birds, bats, and terrestrial mammals displaced from onshore wind power development? – A systematic review Tolvanen, A., Routavaara, H., Jokikokko, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Effects of Wind Power Development on Reindeer: Global Positioning System Monitoring and Herders’ Experience Eftestøl, S., Tsegaye, D., Flydal, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Wind-energy development alters pronghorn migration at multiple scales Milliganm M., Johnston, A., Beck, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Displacement Terrestrial Mammals
Spatial co-occurrence between wind power and boreal forestlands with lichen important for reindeer browsing Lundmark, E. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Physical Environment, Terrestrial Mammals
Responses of birds and mammals to long-established wind farms in India Kumara, H., Babu, S., Rao, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Variable effects of wind-energy development on seasonal habitat selection of pronghorn Milligan, M., Johnston, A., Beck, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement Terrestrial Mammals
Landscape features associated to wind farms increase mammalian predator abundance and ground-nest predation Gomez-Catasus, J., Barrero, A., Reverter, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Impact of wind power plants on mammalian and avian wildlife species in shrub- and woodlands Schöll, E., Nopp-Mayr, U. Journal Article Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
South Fork Wind Farm and South Fork Export Cable Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy EMF Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Roe deer stress response to a wind farms: Methodological and practical implications Klich, D., Lopucki, R., Scibior, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
Quantifying biodiversity trade-offs in the face of widespread renewable and unconventional energy development Popescu, V., Munshaw, R., Shackelford, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Riverine, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Fish, Terrestrial Mammals
Migratory Disturbance Thresholds with Mule Deer and Energy Development Sawyer, H., Lambert, M., Merkle, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Terrestrial Mammals
Pronghorn Winter Resource Selection Before and After Wind Energy Development in South-Central Wyoming Smith, K., Taylor, K., Albeke, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
Engineered ecologies: Addressing energy infrastructure impacts on wildlife habitat & movement Baker, L. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Green Electricity Corridors in Europe: Integrated Vegetation Management (IVM): Status, roadblocks, and ways forward Ecofirst, Renewables Grid Initiative Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2019 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Terrestrial Mammals
Short Science Summary: European Wolves and Wind Energy Development WREN Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Rangifer within areas of human influence: understanding effects in relation to spatiotemporal scales Flydal, K., Tsegaye, D., Eftestøl, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Deerfield Wind Black Bear Study: Progress Update, Fall 2018 Comeau, J., Hammond, F. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Out of Sight of Wind Turbine-Reindeer Response to Wind Farms in Operation Skarin, A., Sandström, P., Alam, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
U.S. Geological Survey energy and wildlife research annual report for 2018 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy Terrestrial Mammals, Fish, Birds, Bats
Do Black-naped Hares Lepus nigricollis (Mammalia: Lagomorpha: Leporidae) have synanthropic association with wind farms? Anoop, V., Arun, P., Jaypal, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Windpower and reindeer Strand, O., Colman, J., Eftestøl, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
The Indirect Impacts of Wind Farms on Terrestrial Mammals: Insights from the Disturbance and Exclusion Effects on Wolves (Canis lupus) da Costa, G., Paula, J., Petrucci-Fonseca, F. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
Living in Habitats Affected by Wind Turbines May Result in an Increase in Corticosterone Levels in Ground Dwelling Animals Łopucki, R., Klich, D., Scibior, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Biodiversity and Wind Farms in Portugal: Current Knowledge and Insights for an Integrated Impact Assessment Process Mascarenhas, M., Marques, A., Ramalho, R. Book Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
U.S. Geological Survey - Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2017 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy Terrestrial Mammals, Fish, Birds, Bats
Impacts of On-shore Wind Farms in Wildlife Communities: Direct Fatalities and Indirect Impacts (Behavioural and Habitat Effects) Pereira, P., Salgueiro, N., Mesquita, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy Terrestrial Mammals, Birds, Bats
Leaning Juniper II Wind Power Facility 2017 Washington Ground Squirrel Monitoring Gerhart, R., Kronner, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals
Mammalian Mesocarnivore Visitation at Tortoise Burrows in a Wind Farm Agha, M., Smith, A., Lovich, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise, Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals, Reptiles
15 years of wolf monitoring plans at wind farm areas in Portugal. What do we know? Where should we go? da Costa, G., Petrucci-Fonseca, F., Álvares, F. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Do Terrestrial Animals Avoid Areas Close to Turbines in Functioning Wind Farms in Agricultural Landscapes? Łopucki, R., Klich, D., Gielarek, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Reindeer habitat use in relation to two small wind farms, during preconstruction, construction, and operation Skarin, A., Alam, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Terrestrial Mammals
Displaying 1 - 40 of 84 results