Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6409
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Searcher Efficiency and Survey Coverage Affect Precision of Fatality Estimates Reyes, G., Lindke, K., Ayres, K. Journal Article Wind Energy
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm Consent Plan Construction Method Statement Bellew, S. , Wilson, J., Wilson, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Quarterly Report for Aquatic Sampling: Project Icebreaker Pre-Construction Monitoring 3rd Quarter Verhamme, E., Daley, J., Cutrell, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Bat Mortality Due to Wind Turbines in Canada Zimmerling, J., Francis, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Bird migration monitoring in the Saint Nikola Wind Farm, Kaliakra region, in autumn 2016, and an analysis of potential impact after seven years of operation Zehtindjiev, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summary of Fall 2016 Digital Survey #2 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Public views on renewable energy in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States: Distinct attitudes, exposure, and other key predictors of wind energy Olson-Hazboun, S., Krannich, R., Robertson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Can local government play a greater role for community renewable energy? A case study from Australia Mey, F., Diesendorf, M., MacGill, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Bird and Bat Impacts and Behaviors at Old Wind Turbines at Forebay, Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Smallwood, K., Neher, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Integrating acceptance-relevant factors into wind power planning: A discussion Zaunbrecher, B., Ziefle, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Canada’s Advantage: A Vision for Renewable Electricity in Canada Haffner, J., Vriesendorp, W. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summer 2016 Target Extraction Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Bird Migration Intensity and Number of Collision Victims at the Wind Power Plant Le Peuchapatte (Switzerland) Aschwanden, J., Liechti, F. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Need for a wind of change? Use of offshore wind messages by stakeholders and the media in Germany and their effects on public acceptance Schmidt, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2012 C-Power Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Activity Report 2011 C-Power Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Annual environmental report 2015 - Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Bats, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment
Wind Farm Thornton Bank Phase 1: Annual Environmental Report 2009 C-Power Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2015 Van Laere, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Collision and Displacement Vulnerability Among Marine Birds of the California Current System Associated with Offshore Wind Energy Infrastructure Adams, J., Kelsey, E., Felis, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds
Wind Farm Thornton Bank Phase 1: Annual Environmental Report 2010 C-Power Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Measurement and characterisation of radiated underwater sound from a 3.6 MW monopile wind turbine Pangerc, T., Theobald, P., Wang, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) on the Common Shore Crab Carcinus maenas: Tagging Pilot Experiments in the Lillgrund Offshore Wind Farm (Sweden) Langhamer, O., Holand, H., Rosenqvist, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Progress in Renewable Energies Offshore Soares, C. Book Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Potential effects of electromagnetic fields in the Dutch North Sea Phase 1: Desk Study Snoek, R., Swart, R., Didderen, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Understanding the Risk of European Protected Species (Bats) at Onshore Wind Turbine Sites to Inform Risk Management Mathews, F., Richardson, S., Lintott, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Joint Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies Position Statement: ORJIP Project 4, Stage 1 of Phase 2 Statutory Nature Conservation Bodies (SNCB) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Attraction Marine Mammals
Carbon footprint accounting of a typical wind farm in China Li, S., Chen, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Life cycle assessment of onshore and offshore wind energy-from theory to application Bonou, A., Laurent, A., Olsen, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Camera technology for monitoring marine biodiversity and human impact Bicknell, A., Godley, B., Sheehan, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Invertebrates, Fish
Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland Heim, O., Schröder, A., Eccard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Long-term implications of sustained wind power growth in the United States: Potential benefits and secondary impacts Wiser, R., Bolinger, M., Heath, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Studying cetacean behaviour: new technological approaches and conservation applications Nowacek, D., Christiansen, F., Bejder, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Who cares? European attitudes towards marine and coastal environments Potts, T., Pita, C., O'Higgins, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore New York Revised Environmental Assessment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Seabirds and Offshore Wind Farms in European Waters: Avoidance and Attraction Dierschke, V., Furness, R., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds
Estimating the Political, Economic and Environmental Factors' Impact on the Installed Wind Capacity Development: A System GMM Approach Biresselioglu, M., Kilinc, D., Onater-Isberk, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Norfolk Vanguard Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Royal Haskoning Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Recent Developments in Ocean Energy and Offshore Wind: Financial Challenges and Environmental Misconceptions Esteban, M., Gasparatos, A., Doll, C. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Wind energy, nest success, and post‐fledging survival of Buteo hawks Kolar, P., Bechard, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
Displaying 3481 - 3520 of 6409 results