Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Where Are All the People? A Study on the Integration of Socioeconomics and Marine Conservation Planning Feldman, L. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
A Review Of Assessment Methodologies For Offshore Windfarms Maclean, I., Wright, L., Showler, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Assessing the determinants of local acceptability of wind-farm investment: A choice experiment in the Greek Aegean Islands Dimitropoulos, A., Kontoleon, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Marine Spatial Planning: A Step-by-Step Approach toward Ecosystem-based Management Ehler, C., Douvere, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Horns Rev II Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring of Bird Migration Skov, H., Jensen, N., Durinck, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds
Testing and validation of automated whistle and click detectors using PAMGUARD 1.0 Yack, T., Barlow, J., Rankin, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals
Oregon's High Desert and Wind Energy: Opportunities and Strategies for Responsible Development Oregon Natural Desert Association Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Portland General Electric Biglow Canyon Wind Farm Phase I Post-Construction Avian and Bat Monitoring First Annual Report Sherman County, Oregon: January, 2008 - December, 2008 Jeffrey, J., Bay, K., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Annual Report for the Noble Bliss Windpark, LLC Postconstruction Bird and Bat Fatality Study 2008 Jain, A., Kerlinger, P., Curry, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Wind Turbine Noise and Natural Sounds - Masking, Propagation and Modeling Bolin, K. Thesis Wind Energy Noise
Draft Avian and Bat Post-Construction Monitoring Plan: Raleigh Wind Farm, Invenergy Canada Dillon Consulting Limited Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
FISHING GEAR–RELATED INJURY IN CALIFORNIA MARINE WILDLIFE Kaplan Dau, B., Gilardi, K.V.K., Gulland, F. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Entanglement Birds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Proposal to Permit Take Provided Under the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act Gould, R. Report Wind Energy Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Whooping Cranes and Wind Development - An Issue Paper US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Shorebirds
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Wind Power Guidelines Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Wind Turbines and Birds The Erie Shores Wind Farm Experience: Breeding Bird Surveys James, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Visual impact evaluation of a wind park in a Greek island Tsoutsos, T., Tsouchlaraki, A., Tsiropoulos, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Effectiveness of Changing Wind Turbine Cut-in Speed to Reduce Bat Fatalities at Wind Facilities 2009 Arnett, E., Schirmacher, M., Huso, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Pile Driving Zone of Responsiveness Extends Beyond 20 km for Harbour Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena (L.)) Tougaard, J., Carstensen, J., Teilmann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Observations of Seabirds at Offshore Wind Turbines near Blyth in Northeast England Rothery, P., Newton, I., Little, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Epibenthic colonization of concrete and steel pilings in a cold-temperate embayment: a field experiment Andersson, M., Berggren, M., Wilhelmsson, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Natural Resources Impact Assessment Under 30 V.S.A 248(B)(5) Georgia Mountain Community Wind Project Arrowwood Environmental Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Development of Spatial Information Layers for Commercial Fishing and Shellfishing in UK Waters to Support Strategic Siting of Offshore Windfarms Dunstone, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Impact of Wind Power Plants on Black Grouse, Lyrurus tetrix in Alpine Regions Zeiler, H., Grunschachner-Berger, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
An immersive path-based study of wind turbines' landscape: A French case in Plouguin Jallouli, J., Moreau, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Communication Towers, Lights, and Birds: Successful Methods of Reducing the Frequency of Avian Collisions Gehring, J., Kerlinger, P., Manville, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Lighting Bats, Birds, Fish
Collision Avoidance of Golden Eagles at Wind Farms Under the 'Band' Collision Risk Model Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
COWRIE 2.0 Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Phase 2: EMF Sensitive Fish Response to EM Emissions from Sub-sea Electricity Cables of the Type used by the Offshore Renewable Energy Industry Gill, A., Huang, Y., Gloyne-Philips, I. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish
Hong Kong Offshore Wind Farm in Southeastern Waters - Environmental Impact Assessment Hong Kong Offshore Wind Limited Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
It's Not Easy Being Green: Wind Energy and a Declining Grassland Bird Pruett, C., Patten, M., Wolfe, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Life Cycle Assessment of a Multi-Megawatt Wind Turbine Martínez, E., Sanz, F., Pellegrin, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions
Life cycle assessment of a floating offshore wind turbine Weinzettel, J., Reenaas, M., Solli, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Positive Planning for Onshore Wind Expanding Onshore Wind Energy Capacity while Conserving Nature Bowyer, C., Baldock, D., Tucker, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Involving the Public in the Impact Assessment of Offshore Renewable Energy Facilities Portman, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Human Dimensions
Determining Night-Time Distribution of Long-Tailed Ducks Using Satellite Telemetry Allison, T., Perkins, S., Perry, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Waterfowl
The Habitat-Creation Potential of Offshore Wind Farms Elliott, M., Wilson, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change
Bat Acoustic Studies for the Georgia Mountain Community Wind Project Chittenden County, Vermont Gruver, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Bats and onshore wind turbines Natural England Report Wind Energy Bats
Chiropteran Risk Assessment: Proposed Pleasant Ridge Wind Energy Generation Facility, Livingston County, Illinois BHE Environmental Inc Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Guidelines for Assessing the Potential Impacts to Birds and Bats from Wind Energy Development in Northern Arizona and the Southern Colorado Plateau Lynn, J., Auberle, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Displaying 5521 - 5560 of 6408 results