Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Effects of Wind Farms on Montagu's Harrier (Circus pygargus) in Southern Spain Hernández-Pliego, J., de Lucas, M., Muñoz, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
A comparative assessment of proposed offshore wind power demonstration projects in the United States Bates, A., Firestone, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Fatality at the Horse Butte Wind Facility, Years 1–3 SWCA Environmental Consultants Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Perceptions of fishers and developers on the co-location of offshore wind farms and decapod fisheries in the UK Hooper, T., Ashley, M., Austen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The Scientific Validity of Criticisms made by the RSPB of Metrics used to Assess Population Level Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Seabirds Cook, A., Robinson, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Challenges in Implementing Sustainable Marine Spatial Planning: The New Portuguese Legal Framework Case Santos, C., Orbach, M., Calado, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Spatial Planning, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Influence of Concrete Mix Design on CO2 Emissions for Large Wind Turbine Foundations Berndt, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Life Cycle Assessment of Dernah (Libya) wind farm Al-Behadili, S., El-Osta, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions
Offshore wind farms in Southern Europe – Determining tourist preference and social acceptance Westerberg, V., Jacobsen, J., Lifran, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Recreation & Tourism, Human Dimensions
Bat Activity at a Small Wind Turbine in the Baltic Sea Rydell, J., Wickman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
Marine Licence Hywind Scotland Pilot Park The Scottish Government, Marine Scotland Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Noise and Vibration Issues of Wind Turbines and Their Impact – A Review Saavedra, R., Samanta, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change, Noise
Beatrice Offshore Wind Farm & Moray East Offshore Windfarm - Protocol for mitigating the risk of instantaneous death or injury to marine mammals during piling at the Beatrice and Moray East Wind Farms Royle, L., Rei, C. Report Wind Energy Marine Mammals
Sensitivity of the Mussel Mytilus edulis to Substrate-Borne Vibration in Relation to Anthropogenically Generated Noise Roberts, L., Cheesman, S., Breithaupt, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Noise Invertebrates
Developing an automated risk management tool to minimize bird and bat mortality at wind facilities Willmott, J., Forcey, G., Hooton, L. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Bats
Public acceptance of offshore wind energy: Relationships among general and specific attitudes Bidwell, D. Conference Paper Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Bat Fatalities at Wind Turbines: Investigating the Causes and Consequences Cryan, P. Website Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II D3- SAP Area Benthic Assessment Report ESS Group, LLC Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Acoustic stress responses in juvenile sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax induced by offshore pile driving Debusschere, E., Hostens, K., Adriaens, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Right whale occurrence in the coastal waters of Virginia, U.S.A.: Endangered species presence in a rapidly developing energy market Salisbury, D., Clark, C., Rice, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
An autonomous GPS geofence alert system to curtail avian fatalities at wind farms Sheppard, J., McGann, A., Lanzone, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Another Blown in the Wind: Bats and the Licensing of Wind Farms in Brazil Valença, R., Bernard, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Marine Energy Research and Innovation Centre (MERIC) Chilean Ministry of Energy , CORFO , Enel Green Power , Naval Energies , Pontifical Catholic University of Chile Project Site Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind
North Atlantic right whale occurrence near wind energy areas along the mid-Atlantic US coast: implications for management Hodge, K., Muirhead, C., Morano, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Dim ultraviolet light as a means of deterring activity by the Hawaiian hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus semotus Gorresen, P., Cryan, P., Dalton, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: collision risk modelling WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: population model WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Birds, Waterfowl
Pink-footed goose anthropogenic mortality review: avoidance rate review WWT Consulting Report Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Strategic Planning to Reduce Conflicts for Offshore Wind Development in Taiwan: A Social Marketing Perspective Chen, J., Liu, H., Chuang, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Benthic Monitoring and Sampling Design and Effort to Detect Spatial Changes: A Case Study using Data from Offshore Wind Farm Sites Franco, A., Quintino, V., Elliott, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Wind Farm Construction Impacts Reindeer Migration and Movement Corridors Skarin, A., Nellemann, C., Rönnegård, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
The use of Acoustic Deterrents for the mitigation of injury to marine mammals during pile driving for offshore wind farm construction Sparling, C., Sams, C., Stephenson, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Noise Marine Mammals
Emotional response to images of wind turbines: A psychophysiological study of their visual impact on the landscape Maehr, A., Watts, G., Hanratty, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Socioeconomic impact of wind energy on peripheral regions Varela-Vázquez, P., Sánchez-Carreira, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
A Unifying Framework for the Underlying Mechanisms of Avian Avoidance of Wind Turbines May, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Avoidance Birds
Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm: Technical Project Description for the largescale offshore wind farm (600 MW) at Kriegers Flak Energinet Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise
Arkwright Summit Wind Farm Acoustic and Mist-Net Bat Survey Report Sichmeller, T., Bay, K., Young, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Sightings in the Vicinity of the Maryland Wind Energy Area July 2013-June 2015 Barco, S., Burt, L., DePerte, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Sea Turtles
Marine Life Observation using Classification Algorithms on Ocean Surface Photographs Maussang, F., Guelton, L., Garello, R. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Marine Mammals
Establishing conservation baselines with dynamic distribution models for bat populations facing imminent decline Rodhouse, T., Ormsbee, P., Irvine, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Bats
Displaying 3761 - 3800 of 6408 results