Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6409
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Bat Evaluation Monitoring Studies at the Fowler Ridge Wind Farm Benton County, Indiana: August 3 - October 14, 2015 Good, R., Iskali, G., Nasman, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Genetic Diversity in Migratory Bats: Results from RADseq Data for Three Tree Bat Species at an Ohio Windfarm Sovic, M., Carstens, B., Gibbs, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Lessons learned from Ontario wind energy disputes Fast, S., Mabee, W., Baxter, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Social implications of siting wind energy in a disadvantaged region–The case of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico Huesca-Pérez, M., Sheinbaum-Pardo, C., Köppel, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Environmental Impacts of Balancing Offshore Wind Power with Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) Bouman, E., Øberg, M., Hertwich, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Determining the Infrastructure Needs to Support Offshore Floating Wind and Marine Hydrokinetic Facilities on the Pacific West Coast and Hawaii Porter, A., Phillips, S. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Cumulative Adverse Effects of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Wildlife Goodale, W., Milman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Wind energy: Trends and enabling technologies Kumar, Y., Ringenberg, J., Depuru, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Collision Risk Model for "rufa" Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa) Interacting with a Proposed Offshore Wind Energy Facility in Nantucket Sound, Massachusetts Gordon, C., Nations, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Shorebirds
Beauty in motion: Expectations, attitudes, and values of wind energy development in the rural U.S Fergen, J., Jacquet, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Bird collisions at an offshore platform in the North Sea Hüppop, O., Huppop, K., Diersche, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Networking Networks for Global Bat Conservation Kingston, T., Aguirre, L., Armstrong, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy Collision Bats
Suggested seasonal definitions for birds in the Scottish Marine Environment Tyler, G. Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Impacts to Birds and Bats Due to Collisions and Electrocutions from Some Tall Structures in the United States: Wires, Towers, Turbines, and Solar Arrays - State of the Art in Addressing the Problems Manville, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
The Rhode Island Ocean Special Area Management Plan 2008-2015: From Inception through Implementation Smythe, T., Andrescavage, N., Fox, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Offshore Wind Power for Marine Conservation Hammar, L., Perry, D., Gullström, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Marine Spatial Planning
Impact Assessment of Offshore Pile Driving Noise on Red Sea Marine Mammals Dawoud, W., Negm, A., Saleh, N. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals
Northeast Large Pelagic Survey Collaborative Aerial and Acoustic Surveys for Large Whales and Sea Turtles Final Report Kraus, S., Leiter, S., Stone, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Bats: A Global Perspective Arnett, E., Baerwald, E., Mathews, F. Book Chapter Wind Energy Bats
The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II Popper, A., Hawkins, A. Book Marine Energy, Wind Energy Noise
Mexican Energy Reform, Climate Change, and Energy Justice in Indigenous Communities Baker, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Review of Offshore Wind Farm Impact Monitoring and Mitigation with Regard to Marine Mammals Verfuss, U., Sparling, C., Arnot, C. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Environmental impacts of offshore wind farms in the Belgian part of the North Sea: Environmental impact monitoring reloaded Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Data to Decision in a Dynamic Ocean: Robust Species Distribution Models and Spatial Decision Frameworks Halpin, P. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Recreation & Tourism
U.S. Geological Survey—Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2016 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
A Methodology for Multi-Criteria Design of Multi-Use Offshore Platforms for Marine Renewable Energy Harvesting Zanuttigh, B., Angelelli, E., Kortenhaus, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Guía para el monitoreo de aves y murciélagos en Parques Eólicos Direccion Nacional de Medio Ambiente de Uruguay, Ministerio de Vivienda, Ordenamiento Territorial y Medio Ambiente de Uruguay Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Environmental Impact Assessment
Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on the Early Life Stages of Dicentrarchus labrax Debusschere, E., de Coensel, B., Vandendriessche, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Offshore Wind Farm Site Selection Study around Jeju Island, South Korea Kim, T., Park, J., Maeng, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Ecosystem Processes
Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World Voigt, C., Kingston, T. Book Wind Energy Bats
Exploring the wakes of large offshore wind farms Emeis, S., Siedersleben, S., Lampert, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Avian Collision Risk Models for Wind Energy Impact Assessments Masden, E., Cook, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Development of guidance for lighting of offshore wind turbines beyond 12 nautical miles Orr, T., Wood, S., Drunsic, M. Report Wind Energy
Conflicts Between Birds and On-Shore Wind Farms Zwart, M., McKenzie, A., Minderman, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
The potential impacts of submarine power cables on benthic elasmobranchs Orr, M. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Energy justice: A conceptual review Jenkins, K., McCauley, D., Heffron, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Seabird Counts at East Caithness Cliffs SPA for Marine Renewable Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Hydraulic response of submerged breakwaters in Reef Ball modules ILARIA DEL VITA Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
2015 Bird and Bat Post Construction Monitoring Report – Laurel Mountain Wind Energy Project Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Challenge of Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring in High-Energy Environments: UK Tidal Environments and Other Case Studies Booth, C. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Displaying 3681 - 3720 of 6409 results