Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Identifying important at-sea areas for seabirds using species distribution models and hotspot mapping Cleasby, I., Owen, E., Wilson, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
“Wind Theft” from Onshore Wind Turbine Arrays: Sensitivity to Wind Farm Parameterization and Resolution Pryor, S., Shepherd, T., Volker, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Overcoming barriers to onshore wind farm implementation in Brazil Farkat Diógenes, J., Rodrigues, J., Farkat Diógenes, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
The Nexus Between Tourism and Renewable Energy Resources in the Island of Crete, Greece Vourdoubas, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
The influence of future climate change on wind energy potential in the Republic of Serbia Podrascanin, Z., Djurdjevic, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Bat Impact Minimization Technology: An Improved Bat Deterrent for the Full Swept Rotor Area of Any Wind Turbine Cooper, D., Green, T., Miller, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats
International Law and Offshore Energy Production: Marine Environmental Protection through Normative Interactions Giannopoulos, N. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Impulsive pile driving noise elicits alarm responses in squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) Jones, I., Stanley, J., Mooney, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Seasonal Difference in Carcass Persistence Rates at Wind Farms with Snow, Hokkaido, Japan Kitano, M., Ino, M., Smallwood, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Better linking effects of offshore windfarms on black-legged kittiwakes to populations Black, J., Ruffino, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Assessment of the Influence of Offshore Wind Farms on Ship Traffic Flow Based on AIS Data Yu, Q., Liu, K., Teixeira, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Navigation
Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions against the background of Polish economic growth Brożyna, J. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Assessing marine ecosystem services richness and exposure to anthropogenic threats in small sea areas: A case study for the Lithuanian sea space Depellegrin, D., Menegon, S., Gusatu, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Long-term Acoustic Assessment of Bats at Spion Kop Reservoir, Montana for 2015-2017 Bachen, D., Burkholder, B., Maxell, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Bats
Energy Transformation Towards Sustainability Tvaronavičienė, M., Ślusarczyk, B. Book Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A continuously updated, geospatially rectified database of utility-scale wind turbines in the United States Rand, J., Kramer, L., Garrity, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Engineered ecologies: Addressing energy infrastructure impacts on wildlife habitat & movement Baker, L. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Mapping the Policy Interventions on Marine Social-Ecological Systems: Case Study of Sekisei Lagoon, Southwest Japan Makino, M., Hori, M., Nanami, A. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Indiana Bat and Northern Long-Eared Bat Habitat Conservation Plan Timber Road II, III, and IV Wind Farms, Paulding County, Ohio Paulding Wind Farm, Western Ecosystems Technology Inc (WEST) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) settlement on scour protection material: Innovation Eco Scour Protection in offshore windfarm Borssele V Tonk, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Analysis of the Usefulness of Measurement on a Board at Ground Level for Assessing the Noise Level from a Wind Turbine Wszolek, T., Pawlik, P., Mleczko, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise
Weather risk and energy consumption in Poland Mentel, G., Nakonieczny, J. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Offshore Wind Turbine End of Life Scenarios: Service Life Extension and Decommissioning Kolios, A. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Impactos ambientales de los parques eólicos y líneas de transmisión de energía sobre la biodiversidad de áreas protegidas del departamento de la Guajira-Colombia Garavito-Terrez, L Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Public Participation in Decision-making on Wind Energy Infrastructure: Rethinking the Legal Approach Beyond Public Acceptance Armeni, C. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind Power and Job Creation Aldieri, L., Grafstrom, J., Sundstrom, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Guía para la descripción de centrales eólicas de generación de energía eléctrica en el SEIA (segunda edición) Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental de Chile Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Measurement methods of socioeconomic impacts of renewable energy projects Karytsas, S., Mendrinos, D., Karytsas, C. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Citizen participation for wind energy: experiences from Germany and beyond Hübner, G. Book Chapter Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Red-throated Diver Energetics Project: Preliminary Results from 2018/19 Duckworth, J., Green, J., Daunt, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Exploring an incremental pathway to the development of multi-use exploitation within offshore wind farms Lobregt, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Cumulative Noise Impacts Upon Fishes (and Turtles) from Offshore Wind Farm Construction and Operation Popper, A., Hawkins, A. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Renewable Energy and Land Use in India: A Vision to Facilitate Sustainable Development Kiesecker, J., Baruch-Mordo, S., Heiner, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Wind turbines cause functional habitat loss for migratory soaring birds Marques, A.,, Santos, C., Hanssen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Raptors
Machine learning applied to wind turbine blades impact detection Hu, C., Albertani, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Anthropogenic threats to benthic habitats Harris, P. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Energy consumption and income distribution. International policies for mitigating social exclusion Genys, D. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Viability of Structural Health Monitoring Systems on the Support Structures of Offshore Wind Vieira, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Summary of Activities and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, 2019 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Impacts and implications of Offshore Wind Power research: A review of techno-economic, socio-technical, geotechnical and environmental applications of academic research Gordon, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
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