Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Wing-Beat Frequency and Its Acoustics in Birds and Bats Boonman, A., Yovel, Y., Eitan, O. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds
Wind, sun, and wildlife: do wind and solar energy development "short-circuit" conservation in the western United States? Agha, M., Lovich, J., Ennen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Increased Mixing and Turbulence in the Wake of Offshore Wind Farm Foundations Schultze, L., Merckelbach, L., Horstmann, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
High-Resolution Modeling of Uplift Landscapes can Inform Micrositing of Wind Turbines for Soaring Raptors Hanssen, F., May, R., Nygård, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Comparative migration ecology of striped bass and Atlantic sturgeon in the US Southern mid-Atlantic bight flyway Rothermel, E., Balazik, M., Best, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Fish
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix N2: South Fork Wind Benthic Habitat Mapping to Support Essential Fish Habitat Consultation INSPIRE Environmental Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Quantifying the differences in avian attack rates on reptiles between an infrastructure and a control site Law, C., Lancaster, L., Hall, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Reptiles
Risk-Based Consenting of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects (RICORE) Bald, J., Menchaca, I., O'Hagan, A. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Experimental investigation of aerodynamic characteristics of bat carcasses after collision with a wind turbine Prakash, S., Markfort, C. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Local effects of wind turbines on near-surface wind speed in a desert steppe wind farm Zhou, D., Hu, S., Dang, X. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Genetic Approaches Are Necessary to Accurately Understand Bat-Wind Turbine Impacts Chipps, A., Hale, A., Weaver, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Decision analytical models for the sustainable development of marine renewable energy Akbari, N. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Integrating Wind Turbines and Fish Farms: An Evaluation of Potential Risks to Marine and Coastal Bird Species Benjamins, S., Masden, E., Collu, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
EU offshore wind farms coexistence with other marine activities Gotziou, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Capturing threshold responses of marine benthos along gradients of natural and anthropogenic change Couce, E., Engelhard, G., Schratzberger, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Underwater Noise Emission Due to Offshore Pile Installation: A Review Tsouvalas, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Evaluation of the comprehensive benefit of various marine exploitation activities in China Liu, B., Wang, J., Xu, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A review of the major threats and challenges to global bat conservation Frick, W., Kingston, T., Flanders, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Operational-dependent wind turbine wake impact on surface momentum flux revealed by snow-powered flow imaging Abraham, A., Hong, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes
Glucocorticoid profiles in frugivorous bats on wind farms in the Mexican tropics Medina-Cruz, G., Salame-Méndez, A., Briones-Salas, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Determination of Acoustic Compliance of Wind Farms Cooper, S., Chan, C. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Effects of wind energy production on a threatened species, the Bicknell’s Thrush Catharus bicknelli, with and without mitigation Lemaître, J., Lamarre, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Passerines
Methodology for calculating the number of migratory birds in the territory of the wind farms of the Azov region using information and communication technology Yeremieiev, V., Osadchyi, V., Siokhin, V. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Deep learning–based automatic bird identification system for offshore wind farms Niemi, J., Tanttu, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Optimizing the layout of onshore wind farms to minimize noise Wu, X., Hu, W., Huang, Q. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Assessing Cumulative Exposure of Northern Gannets to Offshore Wind Farms Goodale, M., Milman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Vineyard Wind 1 Offshore Wind Energy Project: Supplement to the Draft Environmental Impact Statement Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Navigation
Lost (and found) in Transition: Expert stakeholder insights on low-carbon energy transitions in Spain Sorman, A., Garcia-Muros, X., Pizarro-Irizar, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Hywind Scotland Artificial Substrate Colonisation Survey MMT Sweden Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Assessing the spatial distribution of avian collision risks at wind turbine structures in Brandenburg, Germany Bose, A., Durr, T., Klenke, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Bat Activity Rates do not Predict Bat Fatality Rates at Wind Energy Facilities Solick, D., Pham, D., Nasman, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
South Fork Wind Farm Atlantic Cod Spawning Survey Gervelis, B., Carey, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish
Estimating the effects of pile driving sounds on seals: Pitfalls and possibilities Whyte, K., Russell, D., Sparling, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
A new hybrid approach for evaluating technology risks and opportunities in the energy transition in Ireland Sharma, T. , Gallachoir, B., Rogan, F. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Activity-footprints, pressures-footprints and effects-footprints-Walking the pathway to determining and managing human impacts in the sea Elliott, M., Borja, A., Cormier, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Isotopic analyses, a good tool to validate models in the context of Marine Renewable Energy development and cumulative impacts Raoux, A., Pezy, J., Ernande, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Trend in environmental impact of the energy produced and distributed by wind power systems Arana-Landin, G., Landeta-Manzano, B., Pena-Lang, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Prediction and measurement of high intensity bird migration using meteorological radar data in Eemshaven windpark Shinneman, S., van Loon, E., Wijers, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Nobelwind Offshore Energy: Annual Work Report 2019 Nobelwind Offshore Energy Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Annual environmental report 2019 – Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Displaying 2001 - 2040 of 6408 results