Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Final Report on the Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Birds in the Region of Kaliakra, Bulgaria (Activity 3) Schindler, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Identifying areas of wetland and wind turbine overlap in the south-central Great Plains of North America Heintzman, L., Auerbach, E., Kilborn, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Regional baselines for marine mammal knowledge across the North Sea and Atlantic areas of Scottish waters Hague, E., Sinclair, R., Sparling, C. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Review Of Demographic Parameters And Sensitivity Analysis To Inform Inputs And Outputs Of Population Consequences Of Disturbance Assessments For Marine Mammals Sinclair, R., Sparling, C., Harwood, J. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Scoping Study: Regional Population Viability Analysis for Key Bird Species CR/2016/16 Searle, K., Butler, A., Bogdanova, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Improving estimates of seabird body mass survival relationships Daunt, F., Fang, Z., Howells, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Attributing seabirds at sea to appropriate breeding colonies and populations Butler, A., Carroll, M., Searle, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Assessment methodology for impulse noise von Benda-Beckmann, S., Geelhoed, S., Kinneging, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Telemetry reveals strong effects of offshore wind farms on behaviour and habitat use of common guillemots (Uria aalge) during the breeding season Peschko, V., Mercker, M., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Paint it black: Efficacy of increased wind turbine rotor blade visibility to reduce avian fatalities May, R., Nygård, T., Falkdalen, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Animation: How a Wind Turbine Works US Department of Energy (DOE) Website Wind Energy
Bat activity and evidence of bat migration at two high elevation passes in the Western Alps Caprio, E., Patriarca, E., Debernardi, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
On a collision course? The large diversity of birds killed by wind turbines in South Africa Perold, V., Ralston-Paton, S., Ryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
State of the Sector 2020: Economic Benefits for Wales Marine Energy Wales Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Marine Biofouling: A European Database for the Marine Renewable Energy Sector Vinagre, P., Simas, T., Cruz, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Unpacking the eagle collision risk model: practical guidance for wind energy Evans, M., Sporer, M., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Sex- but not age-biased wind turbine collision mortality in the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla Heuck, C., Herrmann, C., Wendt, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
SAINT-NAZAIRE Bilan environnemental annuel 2020 Parc eolien en mer de St Nazaire Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
Monitoring of spring bird migration in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds 2020 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Transposition of the directive establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning into the Polish legal order (main aspects and key solutions) Bakowski, T., Nawrot, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Environmental impacts of decommissioning: Onshore versus offshore wind farms Hall, R., João, E., Knapp, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Parc Éolien en Mer de Saint Nazaire Banc de Guérande: Étude de l’état de référence halieutique SINAY - Maritime Data Solutions Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Megafauna Aerial Surveys in the Wind Energy Areas of Massachusetts and Rhode Island with Emphasis on Large Whales Summary Report Part 1: Sightings and Data - Campaign 5, 2018-2019 O'Brien, O., McKenna, K., Baumgartner, M. Report Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Black Harriers and Wind Energy: Guidelines for impact assessment, monitoring and mitigation Simmons, R., Ralston-Paton, S., Colyn, R. Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Dogger Bank C/Sofia - Onshore Works Application - Environmental Appraisal Dogger Bank Wind Farm Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Ontogenetic variation in the auditory sensitivity of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) and the implications of anthropogenic sound on behavior and communication Stanley, J., Caiger, P., Phelan, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Dogs detect larger wind energy effects on bats and birds Smallwood, K., Bell, D., Standish, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Using stated preference valuation in the offshore environment to support marine planning Börger, T., Hooper, T., Austen, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Addressing transdisciplinary and participation issues to cope with rapid changes shifting marine social ecological systems Guillotreau, P., Trouillet, B., Mahevas, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Wind Turbine Interactions with Wildlife and Their Habitats: A Summary of Research Results and Priority Questions (2020 Update) American Wind Wildlife Institute (AWWI) Report Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
The environmental impact from an offshore windfarm: Challenge and evaluation methodology based on an ecosystem approach Pezy, J., Raoux, A., Dauvin, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Mortality limits used in wind energy impact assessment underestimate impacts of wind farms on bird populations Schippers, P., Buij, R., Schotman, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Welfare economics and wicked problems in coastal and marine governance Groeneveld, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Changes in bird species composition after a wind farm installation: A case study in South America Justo Falavigna, T., Pereira, D., Lara Rippel, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions
A comparative insight of Irish and Scottish regulatory frameworks for offshore wind energy - An expert perspective O'Hanlon, Z., Cummins, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Greater Sage‐Grouse Response to the Physical Footprint of Energy Development Kirol, C., Smith, K., Graf, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Evaluating differences in marine spatial data resolution and robustness: A North Sea case study Posen, P., Hyder, K., Alves, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
PivotBuoy An Advanced System for Cost-effective and Reliable Mooring, Connection, Installation & Operation of Floating Wind D6.2: Update of Reliability, Health & Safety and Environmental Assessment of the PivotBuoy system Intecsea Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions
Impact of wind energy development on birds and bats: the case of Adama wind farm, Central Ethiopia Tesfahunegny, W., Datiko, D., Wale, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
A Review of the Potential Impacts of Wind Turbine Noise in the Australian Context Davy, J., Burgemeister, K., Hillman, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Displaying 1961 - 2000 of 6408 results