Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6406
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Offshore construction using gravity-base foundations indicates no long-term impacts on dolphins and harbour porpoise Potlock, K., Temple, A., Berggren, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions van Erp, J., Sage, E., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Seabirds
Fall migration, oceanic movement, and site residency patterns of eastern red bats (Lasiurus borealis) on the mid-Atlantic Coast True, M., Gorman, K., Taylor, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
Annual environmental report 2022 – Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Nobelwind Offshore Energy: Annual Work Report 2022 Nobelwind Offshore Energy Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Shutting down offshore wind turbines during peak bird migration Rijkswaterstaat Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Spatial Impact of Wind Farm Construction on Harbor Porpoise Detectability van Geel, N., Benjamins, S., Marmo, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Science Priorities for Offshore Wind and Fisheries Research in the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf Ecosystem: Perspectives from Scientists at the National Marine Fisheries Service Methratta, E., Silva, A., Lipsky, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Fisheries
EDEN 2000: Exploring Options For A Nature-Proof Development of Offshore Wind Farms Inside A Natura 2000 Area Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Vanaverbeke, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Wind farm noise and anuran diversity patterns: a case study in Brazilian seasonal dry tropical forest de Oliveira, R., Lira, A., Zaffaroni-Caorsid, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Environmental benthos survey, Hywind Scotland Moskeland, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Beacon Wind Project: Beacon Wind 1 and Beacon Wind 2 Construction and Operations Plan AECOM Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Economic Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Fishing Industries: Perspectives, Methods, and Knowledge Gaps Chaji, M., Werner, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data
Comprehensive analysis of offshore wind farm and evaluation of wind energy potential: a case study of the University of Southampton Aktas, I. Journal Article Wind Energy
What are the potential effects of the electromagnetic fields produced by offshore wind farm power cables on marine organisms? Henry, S., Carlier, A., Chauvaud, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates
A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms Lefaible, N., Braeckman, U., Degraer, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Development of a Cumulative Impact Assessment tool for birds in Norwegian Offshore Waters: Trollvind OWF as a case study Layton-Matthews, K., Buckingham, L., Critchley, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Metabarcoding of sediment eDNA communities at the Hywind Scotland OWF – A pilot study Hestetun, J., Dahlgren, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change
Wind energy potential assessment for Mexico's Yucatecan Shelf García-Caballero, E., Appendini, C., Figueroa-Espinoza, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Does renewable energy affect violent conflict? Exploring social opposition and injustice in the struggle over the Lake Turkana Wind Farm, Kenya Lomax, J., Mirumachi, N., Hautsch, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Eco-friendly reef restoration pilots in offshore wind farms Bos, O., Kamermans, P., Tonk, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes Kusters, J., van Kann, F., Zuidema, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept Salkanovic, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions
Do the metals released by galvanic anodes used in offshore wind farms pose a risk to the marine environment? Henry, S., Amouroux, I., Aragon, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Trade-offs between fisheries, offshore wind farms and marine protected areas in the southern North Sea – Winners, losers and effective spatial management Püts, M., Kempf, A., Mollmann, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Economic and environmental factors of wind energy deployment in the United States Şener, S., Anctil, A., Sharp, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Evaluation of Floating Renewable Energy Potential for Sustainable Energy in Türkiye Durmaz, B., ÜÇGÜL, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Sensitivity analysis of collision risk at wind turbines based on flight altitude of migratory waterbirds Kamata, T., Sato, H., Mukai, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Geospatial dimensions of the renewable energy transition — The importance of prioritisation Butschek, F., Peters, J., Remmers, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Scoping Opinion for Dogger Bank D Offshore Wind Farm The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Assessing potential conflicts between offshore wind farms and migration patterns of a threatened shorebird species Schwemmer, P., Pederson, R., Haecker, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Shorebirds, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology Murray, L., Bloomfield, H., Skates, L. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
High Bat Fatality Rates Estimated at Wind Farms in Southern Spain Sanchez-Navarro, S., Gálvez-Ruiz, D., Rydell, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Guide to a floating offshore wind farm BVG Associates Guidance Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Bird Protection Zones in a Wind Park by Ka-Band Radar Surveillance: Field Results from the Wind Testing Site WINSENT Malzer, M., Burhenn, M., Beck, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Mobile-BAT—A Novel Ultra-Low Power Wildlife Tracking System Erhardt, S., Koch, M., Kiefer, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
First assessment on the influence of wind farms and high-voltage networks on ruddy-headed goose Chloephaga rubidiceps migration in Patagonia, Argentina Pedrana, J., Gorosábel, A., Pütz, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Maryland Offshore Wind Project: Offshore Electric and Magnetic Field Assessment Exponent Inc. Report Wind Energy EMF Fish, Marine Mammals
Small effect sizes are achievable in offshore wind monitoring surveys Livermore, J., Truesdale, C., Ransier, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Maryland Offshore Wind Project: Onshore Magnetic-Field Assessment Exponent Inc. Report Wind Energy EMF
Displaying 641 - 680 of 6406 results