Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Guide to Preparing an EA Registration Document for Wind Power Projects in Nova Scotia Nova Scotia Department of Environment and Climate Change (Nova Scotia Environment) Guidance Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Interim Summary on the Effectiveness of the Winter Period Turbine Shutdown in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Erickson, W., Strickland, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Wind Turbines and Birds: A Guidance Document for Environmental Assessment Canadian Wildlife Service Report Wind Energy Birds
Recommended Protocols for Monitoring Impacts of Wind Turbines on Birds Canadian Wildlife Service Report Wind Energy Birds
Stakeholders or Subject Matter Experts, who Should be consulted? Alberts, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Stakeholder Engagement, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Wind Power Siting Regulations and Wildlife Guidelines in the United States Stemler, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Visual assessment of off-shore wind turbines: The influence of distance, contrast, movement and social variables Bishop, I., Miller, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Changes in Bird Habitat Utilisation around the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm, with Particular Emphasis on Common Scoter Petersen, I., Fox, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Seabirds, Birds
Puget Sound Energy Hopkins Ridge Wind Project Phase 1 Post-Construction Avian and Bat Monitoring First Annual Report Young, D. Jr., Erickson, W., Jeffrey, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Passerines, Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds, Bats
Bats Avoid Radar Installations: Could Electromagnetic Fields Deter Bats from Colliding with Wind Turbines? Racey, P., Nicholls, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, EMF Bats
Poor Evidence-Base For Assessment Of Windfarm Impacts On Birds Steward, G., Pullin, A., Coles, C. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Public Opinion about Large Offshore Wind Power: Underlying Factors Firestone, J., Kempton, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Proceedings of the NWCC Wildlife Workgroup Research Planning Meeting VI Schwartz, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Ashton Ridge Golf Course Wind Farm Project Environmental Screening Report Environmental Business Consultants Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Development of a Cost-Effective System to Monitor Wind Turbines for Bird and Bat Collisions Phase I: Sensor System Feasibility Study Pandey, A., Hermence, J., Harness, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Variation in Bat and Bird Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities: Assessing the Effects of Rotor Size and Tower Height Barclay, R., Baerwald, E., Gruver, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Eagle Owl and Wind Power development at Karmøy, Western Norway Rov, N., Jacobsen, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Post-construction monitoring report for avian and bat mortality at the NPPD Ainsworth Wind Farm Derby, C., Dahl, A., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Offshore wind farms: Effects on the water exchange of the Baltic Sea Burchard, H. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Renewable Energy Resources and Wildlife: Impacts and Opportunities Arnett, E., Strickland, M., Morrison, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Protocol for Investigating Displacement Effects of Wind Facilities on Grassland Songbirds Erickson, W., Strickland, D., Shaffer, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Passerines, Birds, Bats
Measurement and Reduction of Offshore Wind Turbine Construction Noise Elmer, K., Gerasch, W., Neumann, T. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Standard Investigation of the Impacts of Offshore Wind Turbines on the Marine Environment (StUK3) Bellebaum, J., Betke, K., Binder, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Annual FEPA Monitoring Report (2005-6) Rhyl Flats Offshore Wind Farm Interim Ornithology Chapter Gill, J.P., Mitchell, A., Pinder, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
If cumulative risk assessment is the answer, what is the question? Callahan, M., Sexton, K. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Collision Mortalities at Horseshoe Shoal of Bird Species of Special Concern Hatch, J., Brault, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Wind Farm - Kriegers Flak: Environmental Impact Assessment Sweden Offshore Wind AB Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Estimation of seabird numbers in the German North Sea throughout the annual cycle and their biogeographic importance Garthe, S., Sonntag, N., Schwemmer, P. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Regulating Avian Impacts Under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act and Other Laws: The Wind Industry Collides with One of its Own, the Environmental Protection Movement McKinsey, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Many ways to say ‘no’, different ways to say ‘yes’: Applying Q-Methodology to understand public acceptance of wind farm proposals Ellis, G., Barry, J., Robinson, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Potential Effects of Offshore Wind Farm Noise on Fish Thomsen, F., Judd, A., Lüdemann, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Perception of Low-Frequency Acoustic Signals by a Harbour Propoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Presence of Simulated Offshore Wind Turbine Noise Lucke, K., Lepper, P., Hoeve, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Applying Radar Technology to Migratory Bird Conservation and Management: Strengthening and Expanding a Collaborative Ruth, J. Report Wind Energy Birds, Bats
Perception of Low-Frequency Acoustic Signals by a Harbour Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Presence of Simulated Offshore Wind Turbine Noise Lucke, K., Lepper, P., Hoeve, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Summer-Fall 2006 Bat Detector Survey and Two-year Summary at the Proposed Deerfield Wind Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Wind energy policies in the Netherlands: Institutional capacity-building for ecological modernisation Breukers, S., Wolsink, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo) on Sleneset and Windpower Jacobsen, K., Rov, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Raptors, Birds
An investigation into micro wind energy systems for their utilization in urban areas and their life cycle assessment Celik, A., Muneer, T., Clarke, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Impact of Wind Turbines on Birds in Zeebrugge (Belgium): Significant Effect on Breeding Tern Colony Due to Collisions Everaert, J., Stienen, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Seabirds, Birds
Tern Observations Near Monomoy Island ESS Group Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Displaying 5801 - 5840 of 6408 results