Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Bird Disturbance: Improving the Quality and Utility of Disturbance Research Hill, D., Hockin, D., Price, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds
Avian Mortality at Rotor Swept Area Equivalents, Altamont Pass and Montezuma Hills, California Howell, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Effects of Wind Turbines on Nesting Raptors at Buffalo Ridge in Southwestern Minnesota Usgaard, R., Naugle, D., Osborn, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Effect of Tunø Knob Windpark on Birds Guillemette, M., Larsen, J., Clausager, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Standard Metrics and Methods for Conducting Avian/Wind Energy Interaction Studies Anderson, R., Davis, H., Kendall, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Windfarm Design in the Light of Previous Experience Lloyd, A. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Bird Mortality at Rotor Swept Area Equivalents, Altamont Pass and Montezuma Hills, California Howell, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
A Mathematical Model of Bird Collisions With Wind Turbine Rotors Tucker, V. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Using a Collision Model to Design Safer Wind Turbine Rotors for Birds Tucker, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Meteorological aspects of offshore wind energy: Observations from the Vindeby wind farm Barthelmie, R., Courtney, M., Højstrup, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment
A Continued Examination of Avian Mortality in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area Orloff, S., Flannery, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Bird Casualties Caused by a Wind Energy Project in an Estuary Musters, C., Noordervliet, M., terKeurs, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Waterfowl, Shorebirds, Seabirds, Birds
Proceedings of the National Avian - Wind Power Planning Meeting II LGL Ltd Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
A Review of the Impacts of Wind Farms and Other Aerial Structures Upon Birds Gill, J., Townsley, M., Mudge, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Avian interactions with wind energy facilities: A summary Colson, E. Conference Paper Wind Energy Birds
Proposed Columbia Wind Farm No. 1 I Joint NEPA/SEPA Final Environmental Impact Statement Klickitat County Planning Department, Bonneville Power Administration Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Final Environmental Impact Statement: Kenetech/Pacificorp Windpower Project, Carbon County, Wyoming Mariah Associates Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Noise Impact Analysis of Wind Turbines, Searsburg, Vermont Resource Systems Group Inc Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Joint NEPA/SEPA Final Environmental Impact Statement Washington Windplant No. 1 Klickitat County Planning Department, Bonneville Power Administration Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A Pilot Golden Eagle Population Study in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area California Predatory Bird Research Group Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
A Study of the Risk of Collision with Power Lines by Waterbirds in Winter at Shotton Steel Works, North Wales Balmer, D., Henderson, I., Clark, N. Report Wind Energy Collision, Avoidance Waterfowl, Birds
Proceedings of the National Avian - Wind Power Planning Meeting LGL Ltd Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Whirly Birds Linn, A. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Monitoring of Seasonal Bird Activity and Mortality on Unit 2 at the Buffalo Ridge Windplant, Minnesota Higgins, K., Dieter, C., Usgaard, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Avian use of proposed KENETECH and CARES wind farm sites in Klickitat County, Washington: Technical report Jones & Stokes Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors, Waterfowl
Impact of Wind Turbines on Birds - Status of present Knowledge and Perspectives Clausager, I., Nohr, H. Report Wind Energy Birds
Co-Occurrence of Cetaceans and Seabirds in the Northeast Atlantic Skov, H., Durinck, J., Danielsen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The Birds of Blyth Harbour Still, D., Little, B., Lawrence, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Nocturnal Bird Migration in the Negev (Israel) - a Tracking Radar Study Bruderer, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Ocean Energies: Environmental, Economic and Technological Aspects of Alternative Power Sources Charlier, R., Justus, J. Book Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Wind Power and Planning: The Environmental Impact of Windfarms in the UK Coles, R., Taylor, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds
Vindeby Off-Shore Wind Farm - Construction and Operation Olsen, F., Dyre, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The Effects of Aero-Generators on Moorland Bird Populations in the Orkney Islands, Scotland Meek, E., Ribbands, J., Christer, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision Seabirds, Birds
Visual Impact Assessment: There's More to it than Meets the Eye! Robotham, A., Quilleash, P., Hempstead, H. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Wind Power and the Local Environment - No Free Lunches Plowden, B. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Wind Turbine Effects on Avian Activity, Habitat Use, and Mortality in the Altamont Pass and Solano County Wind Resource Areas, 1989-1991 Orloff, S., Flannery, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Risks and Benefits of Wind Generated Electricity: Facts and Perceptions Bosley, P., Bosley, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Assessment of Avian Use and Mortality Related to Wind Turbine Operations, Altamont Pass, Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, California, September 1988 through August 1989, Final Report Howell, J., Didonato, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm Siemens Gamesa Project Site Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
An improved marine radar system for studies of bird migration Cooper, B., Day, R., Ritchie, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Displaying 6321 - 6360 of 6408 results