Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Assessment of Bat Community Structure and Roosting Habitat Preferences for the Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus) Near Foote Creek Rim, Wyoming Gruver, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
A Roadmap for PIER Research on Avian Collisions with Wind Turbines in California Sterner, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds, Raptors
Synthesis and Comparison of Baseline Avian and Bat Use, Raptor Nesting and Mortality Information from Proposed and Existing Wind Developments Erickson, W., Johnson, G., Young, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Pickering Wind Turbine Bird Monitoring Program in 2002 James, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Effects of Wind Turbines on Birds and Bats in Northeastern Wisconsin Howe, R., Evans, W., Wolf, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds
Baseline Avian Studies for the Proposed Maiden Wind Farm, Yakima and Benton Counties, Washington Young, D., Erickson, W., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Life-Cycle Assessment of Electricity Generation Options: The Status of Research in the Year 2001 Gagnon, L., Bélanger, C., Uchiyama, Y. Journal Article Marine Energy, Riverine, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Cost Benefit Analysis of Government Support Options for Offshore Wind Energy Cleirigh, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Renewable Energy from the Ocean Pelc, R., Fujita, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
Future Offshore: A Strategic Framework for the Offshore Wind Industry UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Determination of Thresholds of Visual Impact: The Case of Wind Turbines Bishop, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Elsam. Offshore Wind Farm. Horns Rev. Annual status report for the environmental monitoring programme 1. January 2001 - 31. December 2001 Tech-Wise A/S Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Footprints in the wind? Environmental impacts of wind power development Magoha, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Human Dimensions
Evaluation of Wind Turbine Noise DeGagne, D., Lewis, A., May, C. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise
Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment The University of Liverpool Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
Avian/Wind Turbine Interactions: A Short Summary of Research Results and Remaining Questions National Wind Coordinating Collaborative Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
High Level Environmental Screening Study for Offshore Wind Farm Developments - Marine Habitats and Species Project Hiscock, K., Tyler-Walters, H., Jones, H. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Collision Mortality of Local and Migrant Birds at a Large-Scale Wind-Power Development on Buffalo Ridge, Minnesota Johnson, G., Erickson, W., Strickland, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Energy and CO2 Life-Cycle Analyses of Wind Turbines - Review and Applications Lenzen, M., Munksgaard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Golden Eagles in a Perilous Landscape: Predicting the Effects of Mitigation for Wind Turbine Blade Strike Mortality Hunt, G. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Technologies and their Influence on Future UK Marine Resource Development and Management Side, J., Jowitt, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Postdevelopment Experiments to Detect Anthropogenic Disturbances: The Case of Sea Ducks and Wind Parks Guillemette, M., Larsen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Waterfowl, Birds
Evaluating the Coastal Environment for Marine Birds Wanless, S., Bacon, P., Harris, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Physical Environment
Response of Red-Tailed Hawks and Golden Eagles to Topographical Features, Weather, and Abundance of a Dominant Prey Species at the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California: April 1999-December 2000 Hoover, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
The Role of the DPSIR Approach and Conceptual Models in Marine Environmental Management: An Example for Offshore Wind Power Elliott, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Avian Hearing and the Avoidance of Wind Turbines Dooling, R. Report Wind Energy Noise, Avoidance Birds
Ecological Baseline Study for the Zintel Canyon Wind Project Erickson, W., Johnson, G., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Raptors
Searcher Bias and Scavenging Rates in Bird/Wind Energy Studies Morrison, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Baseline Ecological Studies for the Klondike Wind Project, Sherman County, Oregon Johnson, G., Erickson, W., Bay, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Robin Rigg Environmental Statement Natural Power Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Demonstration Windpower Project St. Lawrence Bird Surveys Jacques Whitford Environment Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Predicting the Displacement of Common Scoter Melanitta nigra from Benthic Feeding Areas Due to Offshore Windfarms Kaiser, M., Elliott, A., Galanidi, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Waterfowl
An Assessment of the Impacts of Green Mountain Power Corporation's Wind Power Facility on Breeding and Migrating Birds in Searsburg, Vermont: July 1996-July 1998 Kerlinger, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Raptors, Passerines, Birds
Wind Power in View: Energy Landscapes in a Crowded World Pasqualetti, M., Gipe, P., Righter, R. Book Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Phase I Avian Risk Assessment for the Flat Rock Wind Power Project, Lewis County, New York Kerlinger, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Possible Effects of the Offshore Wind Farm at Vindeby on the Outcome of Fishing Engell-Sørensen, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Maiden Wind Farm Benton County, Washington Final SEPA Environmental Impact Statement and Final NEPA Environmental Impact Statement Bonneville Power Administration Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Gunfleet Sands Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Statement GE Wind Energy Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Potential Effects of Offshore Wind Developments on Coastal Processes Beiboer, F., Cooper, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Golden Eagles in a Multiple Land-Use Environment: A Case Study in Conflict Management Madders, M., Walker, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Displaying 6201 - 6240 of 6408 results