Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6408
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Bat fatalities at two wind farms in Tasmania, Australia: bat characteristics, and spatial and temporal patterns Hull, C., Cawthen, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats
A retrospective tiered Environmental Assessment of the Mount Storm Wind Energy Facility, West Virginia, USA Efroymson, R., Day, R., Strickland, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
ReNews Global Offshore Wind Report 2012 Westbrook, T., Kennedy, S., Wachtmeister, W. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
A Case Study on the Effects of Underwater Noise During the Construction of Large Offshore Wind Farms Mason, T., Barham, R., Nedwell, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Assessing the Environmental Impact of Underwater Noise During Offshore Windfarm Construction and Operation Nedwell, J., Mason, T., Barham, R. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Experimental Chronic Noise Is Related to Elevated Fecal Corticosteroid Metabolites in Lekking Male Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) Blickley, J., Word, K., Krakauer, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds
Effects of Beipiao Wind Power Development Planning on Local Birds Ecosystem Wang, L., Jinghai, Z., Zhongqiang, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Using Wind Tunnels to Predict Bird Mortality in Wind Farms: The Case of Griffon Vultures de Lucas, M., Ferrer, M., Janss, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Acoustic Monitoring Techniques for Avian Detection and Classification Mirzaei, G., Majid, M., Ross, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Analysis of the Argyll Array Turbine Layout Iterations in Relation to Ornithological Constraints Bullman, R., Shaylon, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Mitigation of Low-Frequency Underwater Anthropogenic Noise using Stationary Encapsulated Gas Bubbles Lee, K., Wochner, M., Wilson, P. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Searchlight Wind Energy Project Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Bird-Community Shifts in Relation to Wind Farms: A Case Study Comparing a Wind Farm, Croplands, and Secondary Forests in Southern Mexico Villegas-Patraca, R., Macgregor-Fors, I., Ortiz-Martinez, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Bird Migration Monitoring in the AES Geo Power Wind Park Territory, Kaliakra Region, in Autumn 2012, and Analysis of Potential Impact after Three Years' Operation Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Avian and Bat Protection Plan Including Bird and Bat Conservation Strategies and an Eagle Conservation Plan: New Era Wind Project Westwood Professional Services Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Identifying ecologically important marine areas for seabirds using behavioural information in combination with distribution patterns Camphuysen, K., Shamoun-Baranes, J., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Effects on Harbour Porpoises from Rødsand 2 Offshore Wind Farm Teilmann, J., Tougaard, J., Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Bat Mortalities at a Wind Energy Facility in North Dakota Bicknell, L., Gilliam, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision Bats
Argyll Array Offshore Windfarm Report to Inform a Shadow Appropriate Assessment - Great Northern Diver Potential SPAs NIRAS Consulting Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
The Remote Environmental Assessment Laboratory's Acoustic Library: An Archive for Studying Soundscape Ecology Kasten, E., Gage, S., Fox, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds
Tracking seabirds to identify ecologically important and high risk marine areas in the western North Atlantic Montevecchi, W., Hedd, A., Tranquilla, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Seabirds, Birds
Impacts of wind farms on swans and geese: a review Rees, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
An Update on the Status of Red Bats, Lasiurus blossevillii and Lasiurus borealis, in British Columbia Nagorsen, D., Paterson, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Bat Mortality at a Wind Power Facility in Central Canada Jameson, J., Willis, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
East Anglia ONE Offshore Windfarm: Environmental Statement Environmental Resource Management Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Diurnal and nocturnal ranging behaviour by moorland-breeding Short-eared Owls Asio flammeus in Scotland Calladine, J., Morrison, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Request for advice about the displacement of marine mammals around operational offshore windfarms Alcock, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
A Model for Passive Underwater Noise Suppression by Bubble Curtains Surrounding Point or Line Sources in Shallow Water Hay, T., Ilinskii, Y., Zabolotskaya, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Wind development and wildlife mitigation in Wyoming: a primer Jakle, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Evidence of Late-Summer Mating Readiness and Early Sexual Maturation in Migratory Tree-Roosting Bats Found Dead at Wind Turbines Cryan, P., Jameson, J., Baerwald, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Localization of Southern Resident Killer Whales Using Two Star Arrays to Support Marine Renewable Energy Ren, H., Deng, Z., Carlson, T. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Guidelines for Reducing Impacts to Wildlife from Wind Energy Development in Arizona Arizona Game and Fish Department Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
The Local Fish Community, Indifferent to the Wind Farm? van Hal, R., Griffioen, B. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Cod and Sole Behaviour in an Offshore Wind Farm Winter, E., Aarts, G., van Keeken, O. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Offshore Wind Farms, New Players in Marine Ecosystems Lindeboom, H. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Porpoises and Offshore Windfarms - Conflict, Co-Existence or Refuge Scheidat, M. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Renewable Energy Respecting Nature: A Synthesis of Knowledge on Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy Financed by the Research Council of Norway May, R., Bevanger, K., Djk, J. Report Wind Energy
Attitudes, threshold levels and cumulative effects of the daily wind-turbine encounters Ladenburg, J., Dahlgaard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Modelled Sensitivity of Avian Collision Rate at Wind Turbines Varies with Number of Hours of Flight Activity Input Data Douglas, D., Follestad, A., Langston, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Wind Conditions and Resource Assessment Petersen, E., Troen, I. Journal Article Wind Energy
Displaying 4761 - 4800 of 6408 results