Wind Energy

The generation of renewable energy from the wind, either land-based or offshore.

Wind energy (or wind power) is a broad term that refers to the various ways to generate electricity from wind, the air flows that occur naturally in the atmosphere due to uneven heating of the Earth’s surface by the sun. The type, size, and location of each turbine depends on wind availability, directionality, and strength, as well as grid accessibility and potential environmental and socio-economic impacts. Although the most common turbine design is the three-bladed horizontal axis turbine, several different designs have been developed over time, including vertical axis and two-bladed turbines.

Wind energy technologies can be classified in the following categories:

The primary environmental concerns associated with wind energy technologies typically encompass animal collision, impacts from noise, avoidance and/or attraction, impacts from lighting, and changes in flow.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 6388
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Survey of Utility-Scale Wind and Solar Developers Report Nilson, R., Hoen, B., Rand, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Long-term impacts of the Smøla wind farm on a local population of white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) Stokke, B., Dahl, E., Kleven, O. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
The Relationship Between Offshore Wind Farms and Marine Wildlife in Rhode Island Lloyd, H. , Caputo. A., Foley. B. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals
Stakeholder insights into embedding marine net gain for offshore wind farm planning and delivery Edwards-Jones, A., Watson, S.C.L., Szostek, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Conditions for just offshore wind energy: Addressing the societal challenges of the North Sea wind industry Skjølsvold, T., Heidenreich, S., Henriksen, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Norwegian offshore wind power—Spatial planning using multi-criteria decision analysis Solbrekke, I. M., Sorteberg, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
DMEC Market Report 2023/2024: Innovative Offshore Renewable Energy Technologies in DMEC's Portfolio Dutch Marine Energy Centre Report Marine Energy, OTEC, Salinity Gradient, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Forest bat activity declines with increasing wind speed in proximity of operating wind turbines Ellerbrok, J., Farwig, N., Peter, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Noise Bats
Fine-scale collision risk mapping and validation with long-term mortality data reveal current and future wind energy development impact on sensitive species Morant, J., Arrondo, E., Zapata, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Co-location of fisheries and offshore wind farms: Current practices and enabling conditions in the North Sea Bonsu, P., Letschert, J., Yates, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The effect of offshore wind farms on the variation of the phytoplankton population Kordan, M., Yakan, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Assessment of Technology Gaps for Statistically Robust Data and Integration of Monitoring of Birds and Marine Mammals into Equipment and Operations of Offshore Windfarms Courbis, S., Williams, K., Stepanuk, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals
The Impact of Wind Turbines on the Distribution of Wintering and Migrating Raptors Mitchell, K. Thesis Wind Energy Birds, Raptors
GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Marine Energy Site Selection: A Case Study Comparison between Puerto Rico and Hawaii Hall, S. Thesis Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Spatial multicriteria framework for sustainable wind-farm planning: Accounting for conflicts Kandy, D., Mörtberg, U., Wretling, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Utilizing high-resolution genetic markers to track population-level exposure of migratory birds to renewable energy development Harrigan, R., Rajbhandary, J., Bossu, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Static magnetic fields reduce swimming activity of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) larvae Cresci, A., Durif, C., Larsen, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Winter Distribution of Golden Eagles in the Eastern USA Miller, T., Lanzone, M., Braham, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Ectoparasitism and Energy Infrastructure Limit Survival of Preadult Golden Eagles in the Southern Great Plains Murphy, R., Millsap, B., Stahlecker, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Remotely sensed evidence of the divergent climate impacts of wind farms on croplands and grasslands Liu, N., Zhao, X., Zhang, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
Numbers of wildlife fatalities at renewable energy facilities in a targeted development region Conkling, T., Fesnock, A., Katzner, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Longterm response of offshore wind farms on wintering birds Nielsen, J., Mortensen, M., Yasmin, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Observed impacts of large wind farms on grassland carbon cycling Wu, D., Grodsky, S., Xu, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Predicting commercial wind farm site suitability in the conterminous United States using a logistic regression model Wimhurst, J., Greene, J., Koch, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A paradigm for understanding whole ecosystem effects of offshore wind farms in shelf seas Isaksson, N., Scott, B., Hunt, G. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data
Ecosystem indicators: predicting population responses to combined climate and anthropogenic changes in shallow seas Trifonova, N., Scott, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessing the Use of Long-Term Lek Survey Data to Evaluate the Effect of Landscape Characteristics and Wind Facilities on Sharp Tailed Grouse Lek Dynamics in North Dakota and South Dakota Shaffer, J., Buhl, D., Newton, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
Estuarine Particles Simulations: the Connection Between Delaware Bay and Offshore Wind Lease Areas Li, Y., Lopez, A., Bemis, K. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Wind Farm Blockage Revealed by Fog: The 2018 Horns Rev Photo Case Hasager, C., Nygaard, N., Poulos, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Overlap between the Mid-Atlantic Bight Cold Pool and offshore wind lease areas Horwitz, R., Miles, T., Munroe, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Understanding fatality patterns and sex ratios of Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) at wind energy facilities in western California and Texas LiCari, S., Hale, A., Weaver, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Delivering Net Zero: the Role of Offshore Renewable Energy A COP28 Briefing note prepared by the Supergen Offshore Renewable Energy Hub Greaves, D., Chen, J., White, D. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
A synthesis review of nature positive approaches and coexistence in the offshore wind industry Pardo, J., Aune, M., Harman, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Experimental study on the effect of sound stimulation on hearing and behavior of juvenile black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) Wang, Y., Huang, L., Xing, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Decommissioning of offshore wind farms and its impact on benthic ecology Spielmann, V., Dannheim, J., Brey, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Summary of Activities and the Results of Ornithological Monitoring in the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, 2023 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent Farfan, M., Díaz-Ruiz, F., Duarte, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Wind power distribution across subalpine, boreal, and temperate landscapes Svensson, J., Neumann, W., Bjärstig, T. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Mitigation measures for preventing collision of birds with wind turbines Garcia-Rosa, P., Tande, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Recommendations for Evaluating the Use of Existing Baseline Observational Survey Data for Birds in Offshore Wind Site Characterization Processes for the U.S. Atlantic Avian Displacement Guidance Committee Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds
Displaying 401 - 440 of 6388 results