Short Science Summary: European Migratory Soaring Birds and Wind Energy Development

Common Kestrel

Some birds, such as raptors and vultures, have large wings relative to their body size, providing good lift in rising air currents. Soaring birds can sustain flight for long periods without flapping their wings, but are largely dependent on ascending currents resulting from the uneven warming of the Earth’s surface or the wind blowing over mountain ridges. Collisions of large soaring bird with wind turbines are of particular conservation concern, given that they are long-lived, have low reproductive rates with few eggs in each clutch, and invest considerable time in rearing their young. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind. A list of the sources used to develop this Short Science Summary is also available here.

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Northern gannets (Morus bassanus) are strongly affected by operating offshore wind farms during the breeding season Peschko, V., Mendel, B., Mercker, M., Dierschke, J., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Limitations, lack of standardization, and recommended best practices in studies of renewable energy effects on birds and bats Conkling, T., Loss, S., Diffendorfer, J., Duerr, A., Katzner, T. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Calculation of biodiversity level between different land-uses to improve conservation outcomes of biodiversity offsetting Millon, L., Barre, K., Julliard, R., Compère, P., Kerbiriou, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Environmental Impact of Solar and Wind energy- A Review Hamed, T., Alshare, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Wind energy facilities affect resource selection of capercaillie Tetrao urogallus Taubmann, J., Kämmerle, J., Andrén, H., Braunisch, V., Storch, I., Fiedler, W., Suchant, R., Coppes, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Final Technical Report: A Heterogeneous System for Eagle Detection, Deterrent, and Wildlife Collision Detection for Wind Turbines Albertani, R., Clocker, K., Hu, C., Johnston, M. Report Wind Energy Collision Birds, Raptors
Black kites of different age and sex show similar avoidance responses to wind turbines during migration Santos, C., Ferraz, R., Muñoz, A., Onrubia, A., Wikelski, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
A new hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach for location selection of sustainable offshore wind energy stations: A case study Abdel-Basset, M., Gamal, A., Chakrabortty, R., Ryan, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Methods to quantify avian airspace use in relation to wind energy development Largey, N., Cook, A., Thaxter, C., McCluskie, A., Stokke, B., Wilson, B., Masden, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
Wind energy in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec: conflicts and social implications Martínez-Mendoza, E., Rivas-Tovar, L., García-Santamaría, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Comprehensive Bird Preservation at Wind Farms Gradolwski, D., Dziak, D., Martynow, M., Kaniecki, D., Szurlej-Kielanska, A. , Jaworski, A., Kulesza, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Tracking Movements of Migratory Shorebirds in the U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Region Loring, P., Lenske, A., McLaren, D., Aikens, M., Anderson, A., Aubry, Y., Dalton, E., Dey, A., Friis, C., Hamilton, D., Holberton, R., Kriensky, D., Mizrahi, D., Niles, L., Parkins, K., Paquet, J., Sanders, F., Smith, A., Turcotte, Y., Vitz, A., Smith, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Shorebirds
Mitigating biodiversity impacts associated with solar and wind energy development: guidelines for project developers Bennun, L., van Bochove, J., Ng, C., Fletcher, C., Wilson, D., Phair, N., Carbone, G. Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Orkney Islands Marine Region: State of the Environment Assessment Orkney Islands Council Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Assessing movements of birds using digitally-coded VHF transmitters: A validation study Paton, P., Cooper-Mullin, C., Kouhi, S., Loring, P., Moore, J., Miller, J., Potty, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Modelling the habitat selection of the bearded vulture to predict areas of potential conflict with wind energy development in the Swiss Alps Vignali, S., Lörcher, F., Hegglin, D., Arlettaz, R., Braunisch, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Raptors
Recent increase in knowledge about numbers and flight behaviour in the White-throated Needletail 'Hirundapus caudacutus' Tarburton, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy: Spatial and Temporal Marine Wildlife Distributions in the New York Offshore Planning Area, Summer 2016–Spring 2019 Pembroke, A., Robinson Willmott, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Bluetooth Based Bird Detection System Muppireddy, S. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Final Environmental Assessment Leaning Juniper I Wind Facility Eagle Incidental Take Permit US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Migratory Soaring Birds Project BirdLife International Website Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
South Fork Wind Farm and South Fork Export Cable Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy EMF Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Protected Species Observer Technical Report for the Ørsted New England IHA, BOEM Lease Areas OCS-A 0486, OCS-A 0487, and OCS-A 0500; 2019–2020 Smultea, M., Haase, P., Hartin, K., Reiser, c., Brewin, C., Cranmer, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Mesoscale Modeling to Characterize Eagle Soaring Habitat Draxl, C., Lawson, M., Farmer, C., Katzner, T., Quon, E., Sandhu, R., Thedin, R., Tripp, C. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Global life-cycle impacts of onshore wind-power plants on bird richness May, R., Middel, H., Stokke, B., Jackson, C., Verones, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment
Assessing the exposure of three diving bird species to offshore wind areas on the U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf using satellite telemetry Stenhouse, I., Berlin, A., Gilbert, A., Goodale, M., Gray, C., Montevecchi, W., Savoy, L., Spiegel, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Effects of offshore windfarms on seabird abundance: Strong effects in spring and in the breeding season Peschko, V., Mendel, B., Müller, S., Markones, N., Mercker, M., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
What really undermines public acceptance of wind turbines? A choice experiment analysis in Israel Peri, E., Becker, N., Tal, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Noise Birds, Environmental Impact Assessment
Vulnerability of northern gannets to offshore wind farms; seasonal and sex-specific collision risk and demographic consequences Lane, J., Jeavons, R., Deakin, Z., Sherley, R., Pollock, C., Wanless, R., Hamer, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Atmospheric Modeling to Enable Prediction of Golden Eagle Interactions with Wind Power Plants Quon, E., Lawson, M., Tripp, C., Draxl, C., Sandhu, R., Thedin, R. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
AWWI Technical Report: 2nd Edition: Summary of Bird Fatality Monitoring Data Contained in AWWIC Allison, T., Butryn, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Guidance document on wind energy developments and EU nature legislation European Commission Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Enabling Renewable Energy While Protecting Wildlife: An Ecological Risk-Based Approach to Wind Energy Development Using Ecosystem-Based Management Values Copping, A., Gorton, A., May, R., Bennet, F., DeGeorge, E., Goncalves, M., Rumes, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Shift in proximate causes of mortality for six large migratory raptors over a century De Pascalis, F., Panuccio, M., Bacaro, G., Monti, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Use of Upland and Riparian Areas by Wintering Bald Eagles and Implications for Wind Energy Schmuecker, S., Becker, D., Lanzone, M., Fogg, B., Romano, S., Katzner, T., Miller, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Monitoring of the migration of birds through the territory of the Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Аutumn 2020 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
Comparing methods to estimate the proportion of turbine-induced bird and bat mortality in the search area under a road and pad search protocol Maurer, J., Huso, M., Dalthorp, D., Madsen, L., Fuentes, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Associations of Synoptic Weather Conditions With Nocturnal Bird Migration Over the North Sea Manola, I., Bradaric, M., Groenland, R., Fijn, R., Bouten, W., Shamoun-Baranes, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
The Wildlife Sensitivity Mapping Manual: Practical guidance for renewable energy planning in the European Union Allinson, T., Jobson, B., Crowe, O., Lammerant, J., Van Den Bossche, W., Badoz, I. Guidance Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Marine Mammals
New York Environmental Technical Working Group (E-TWG) Meeting Summary – 5 October 2020 Gulka, J. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
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