Invertebrates

A broad term that encompasses both marine and terrestrial animals lacking a backbone.

Invertebrates are organisms that lack a backbone. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Benthic invertebrates typically live on the seafloor; common examples include cephalopods (squid, octopus, nautilus), crustaceans (crabs, shrimp, lobsters), and mollusks (clams, barnacles). Many benthic invertebrates serve as indicators of ecosystem health and are harvested commercially around the world. Invertebrates that may be found on land include insects, worms, and arachnids.

Electromagnetic fields, noise pollution, changes in flow, and other impacts from offshore developments may affect the health of some benthic invertebrates. Changes in water quality may also alter benthic habitats and the organisms that reside within them negatively. However, the addition of offshore wind energy and marine renewable energy’s subsea cables and support structures to the seafloor may also provide new habitat, potentially acting as artificial reefs and attracting benthic invertebrates. Invertebrates found on land, such as insects, may be attracted to land-based wind energy's lighting and as a result, may be at a heightened risk of collision. 

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 741
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Functional differences in trophic structure of offshore wind farm communities: A stable isotope study Mavraki, N., Degraer, S., Moens, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Risk Retirement for Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Copping, A., Freeman, M., Overhus, D. Report Marine Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Fish Assemblages Associated with a Newly Deployed Eco-Engineered Artificial Seawall in the Intercoastal Waters of Port Everglades Cinti, O. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Initial Environmental Report for the ELEMENT Project Gaborieau, H., Thiébaut, M., Quillienn, N. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure Hermans, A., Bos, O., Prusina, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Risk Retirement—Decreasing Uncertainty and Informing Consenting Processes for Marine Renewable Energy Development Copping, A., Freeman, M., Gorton, A. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF, Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Impact of magnetic fields generated by AC/DC submarine power cables on the behavior of juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus) Taormina, B., Di Poi, C., Agnalt, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates, Legal & Policy
Immune response of mollusk Onchidium struma to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF, 50 Hz) exposure based on immune-related enzyme activity and De novo transcriptome analysis Zhang, M., Wang, J., Sun, Q. Journal Article Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates
Electric and magnetic senses in marine animals, and potential behavioral effects of electromagnetic surveys Nyqvist, D., Durif, C., Gullikstad Johnsen, M. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles
Optimizing image-based protocol to monitor macroepibenthic communities colonizing artificial structures Taormina, B., Marzloff, M., Desroy, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Accumulating Biofouling - and Knowledge Navarrete, S., Parragué, M., Osiadacz, N. Journal Article Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Towards Estimating the Biogeochemical Footprint of an Offshore Windfarm Vanavebeke, J., Braeckman, U., De Borger, E. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Water Quality, Invertebrates
Near-field Spatial and Temporal Benthic Monitoring at the Block Island Wind Farm, USA Khan, A., Bartley, M., English, P. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-G1: 2019 Benthic Assessment Report - Buoy Installation Areas and Sites of Interest Zottoli, J., Morandi, A., Albert, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Artificial reef design affects benthic secondary productivity and provision of functional habitat Rouse, S., Porter, J., Wilding, T. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates
Cross-Shelf Habitat Suitability Modeling for Benthic Macrofauna Henkel, S., Gilbane, L., Phillips, A. Report Wind Energy Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Marine stepping‐stones: Connectivity of Mytilus edulis populations between offshore energy installations Coolen, J., Boon, A., Crooijmans, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms Bureau Waardenburg bv Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Ecological impact of decommissioning offshore wind farms Teunis, M., Collier, M., Bakker, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Social network analysis as a tool for marine spatial planning: Impacts of decommissioning on connectivity in the North Sea Tidbury, H., Taylor, N., van der Molen, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Soft Bottom Macrobenthic Communities in Sandy Enclaves from the North Cotentin Peninsula (Central English Channel) Andres, S., Pezy, J., Martinez, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) settlement on scour protection material: Innovation Eco Scour Protection in offshore windfarm Borssele V Tonk, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Impulsive pile driving noise elicits alarm responses in squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) Jones, I., Stanley, J., Mooney, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Trawls National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Website Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Methodology for modeling and service life monitoring of mooring lines of floating wind turbines Pham, H., Schoefs, F., Cartraud, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Does the colonisation of offshore renewable energy farms facilitate the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species? Nexer, M., Ben Rais Lasram, F., Bourgougnon, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
The trade-off between tidal-turbine array yield and environmental impact: A habitat suitability modelling approach du Feu, R., Funke, S., Kramer, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Effects from wave power generators on the distribution of two sea pen species on the Swedish west coast Bender, A., Sundberg, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Invertebrates
Oil and gas platforms as artificial substrates for epibenthic North Sea fauna: Effects of location and depth Schutter, M., Dorenbosch, M., Driessen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Small-Scale Effects of Offshore Wind-Turbine Foundations On Macrobenthic Assemblages in Pinghai Bay, China Lu, Z., Zhan, X., Guo, Y. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
From DNA to ecological performance: Effects of anthropogenic noise on a reef-building mussel Wale, M., Briers, R., Hartl, M. Journal Article Noise Invertebrates
Ecology of the brown crab (Cancer pagurus) and production potential for passive fisheries in Dutch offshore windfarms Tonk, L., Rozemeijer, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Offshore oil production platforms as potential sources of larvae to coastal shelf regions off southern California Nishimoto, M., Simons, R., Love, M. Journal Article Invertebrates, Fish, Ecosystem Processes
Offshore flat oyster pilot Luchterduinen wind farm: Results campaign 2 (July 2019) and lessons learned Didderen, K., Bergsma, J., Kamermans, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Studies on the evaluation of fish attraction performance around anchored Fish Aggregating Devices (aFADs) Karama, K. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy Attraction Fish, Invertebrates
Development and application of a low-cost rapid assessment system for coastal benthic habitats Benjamin, C., Cadeliña, P., Yñiguez, A. Journal Article Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Moray East Pre-Construction Survey Campaign Summary Report Moray Offshore Wind Farm (East) Limited Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Effect of low frequency electromagnetic field on the behavior and bioenergetics of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor Jakubowska, M., Urban-Malinga, B., Otremba, Z. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Invertebrates
Improving visual biodiversity assessments of motile fauna in turbid aquatic environments Jones, R., Griffin, R., Rees, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
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