Invertebrates

A broad term that encompasses both marine and terrestrial animals lacking a backbone.

Invertebrates are organisms that lack a backbone. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Benthic invertebrates typically live on the seafloor; common examples include cephalopods (squid, octopus, nautilus), crustaceans (crabs, shrimp, lobsters), and mollusks (clams, barnacles). Many benthic invertebrates serve as indicators of ecosystem health and are harvested commercially around the world. Invertebrates that may be found on land include insects, worms, and arachnids.

Electromagnetic fields, noise pollution, changes in flow, and other impacts from offshore developments may affect the health of some benthic invertebrates. Changes in water quality may also alter benthic habitats and the organisms that reside within them negatively. However, the addition of offshore wind energy and marine renewable energy’s subsea cables and support structures to the seafloor may also provide new habitat, potentially acting as artificial reefs and attracting benthic invertebrates. Invertebrates found on land, such as insects, may be attracted to land-based wind energy's lighting and as a result, may be at a heightened risk of collision. 

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 743
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
North Sea Wind Farms NSW Lot 1 Benthic Fauna Jarvis, S., Allen, J., Proctor, N. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
The Effects of Copper-Based Antifouling Paint on Mortality and Enzymatic Activity of a Non-Target Organism Katranitsas, A., Castritsi-Cathariosa, J., Persoone, G. Journal Article Marine Energy Chemicals Invertebrates
Long-Term Dynamics of Fouling Communities Found on Offshore Installations in the North Sea Whomersley, P., Picken, G. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates
SuperGen Marine Energy Research Wallace, R., Ingram, D., Jeffrey, H. Research Study Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
The Environmental Effects of the Installation and Functioning of the Submarine SwePol Link HVDC Transmission Line: A Case Study of the Polish Marine Area of the Baltic Sea Andrulewicz, E., Napierska, D., Otremba, Z. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF Physical Environment, Invertebrates
True Navigation and Magnetic Maps in Spiny Lobsters Boles, L., Lohmann, K. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates
Collaborative Offshore Wind Research into the Environment Electromagnetic Field (COWRIE EMF) Research Gill, A., Gloyne-Philips, I., Neal, K. Research Study EMF Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
U.S. West Coast Groundfish Bottom Trawl Survey NOAA Fisheries Website Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Proposed Wave Energy Technology Project Environmental Assessment US Department of the Navy Report Marine Energy, Wave Physical Environment, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism
Elsam. Offshore Wind Farm. Horns Rev. Annual status report for the environmental monitoring programme 1. January 2001 - 31. December 2001 Tech-Wise A/S Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Burbo Offshore Wind Farm Volume 2: ES Biological Environment The University of Liverpool Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
Urban Structures as Marine Habitats: An Experimental Comparison of the Composition and Abundance of Subtidal Epibiota Among Pilings, Pontoons and Rocky Reefs Connell, S. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates, Ecosystem Processes
Acoustic approaches to remote species identification: a review Horne, J. Journal Article Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Effects of Marine Windfarms on the Distribution of Fish, Shellfish and Marine Mammals in the Horns Rev Area Hoffmann, E., Astrup, J., Larsen, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Habitat Change, EMF, Avoidance, Attraction Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Invertebrates, Fish
Horns Rev Offshore Wind Power Farm Environmental Impact Assessment on Water Quality Andersen, P. Report Wind Energy Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning
Horns Rev Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment of Sea Bottom and Marine Biology Leonhard, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Fish assemblages on mussel mounds surrounding seven oil platforms in the Santa Barbara Channel and Santa Maria Basin Love, M., Caselle, J., Snook, L. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates, Fish
Effects of an Offshore Oil Platform on the Distribution and Abundance of Commercially Important Crab Species Page, H., Dugan, J., Dugan, D. Journal Article Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Additional Papers from the 10th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling Defence Science & Technology Imagination (DSTO) Conference Paper Habitat Change Invertebrates
Application of pulse compression techniques to broadband acoustic scattering by live individual zooplankton Chu, D., Stanton, T. Journal Article Invertebrates
US National Ocean Service's Estuarine Bathymetry NOAA’s National Ocean Service Special Projects Website Invertebrates
An Analysis of the Efficacy of Four Artificial Reef Designs in Tropical Waters Brock, R., Norris, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Man-Made Structures on Marine Sediments: Effects on Adjacent Benthic Communities Davis, N., VanBlaricom, G., Dayton, P. Journal Article Habitat Change Sediment Transport, Physical Environment, Invertebrates
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