Short Science Summary: European Migratory Soaring Birds and Wind Energy Development

Common Kestrel

Some birds, such as raptors and vultures, have large wings relative to their body size, providing good lift in rising air currents. Soaring birds can sustain flight for long periods without flapping their wings, but are largely dependent on ascending currents resulting from the uneven warming of the Earth’s surface or the wind blowing over mountain ridges. Collisions of large soaring bird with wind turbines are of particular conservation concern, given that they are long-lived, have low reproductive rates with few eggs in each clutch, and invest considerable time in rearing their young. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind. A list of the sources used to develop this Short Science Summary is also available here.

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Wind Turbine Sensor Array for Monitoring Avian and Bat Collisions Hu, C., Albertani, R., Suryan, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds, Bats
ORJIP Bird Collision and Avoidance Study Skov, H., Heinänen, S., Norman, T., Ward, R., Méndez-Roldán, S., Ellis, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Raptor Interactions with Wind Energy: Case Studies from Around the World Watson, R., Kolar, P., Ferrer, M., Nygård, T., Johnston, N., Hunt, W., Smit-Robinson, H., Farmer, C., Huso, M., Katzner, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Tier 4 Post-Construction Mortality Monitoring Study for the Odell Wind Energy Project Cottonwood and Jackson Counties, Minnesota: Final Fatality Report December 2016 – December 2017 Chodachek, K., Gustafson, Z. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Eagle Take Minimization System Petr, R., Knag, J., Laufer, E. Report Wind Energy Raptors, Birds
Predicting the impacts of wind farms on seabirds: An individual-based model Warwick-Evans, V., Atkinson, P., Walkington, I., Green, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Avoidance Seabirds, Birds
Collision sensitive niche profile of the worst affected bird-groups at wind turbine structures in the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany Bose, A., Durr, T., Klenke, R., Henle, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Appendix L-2 WEST Bird and Bat Annual Report 2018 Gordon, C., Matteson, A., Stucker, J., Good, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Avian Use Surveys for the Prevailing Winds Wind Project: Bon Homme and Charles Mix Counties, South Dakota. Year Two Final Report: March 3, 2016 - April 19, 2017 Derby, C., Agudelo, S., Thorn, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Combining radar and direct observation to estimate pelican collision risk at a proposed wind farm on the Cape west coast, South Africa Jenkins, A., Reid, T., du Plessis, J., Colyn, R., Benn, G., Millikin, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Waterfowl, Birds
Finding out the Fate of Displaced Birds Searle, K., Mobbs, D., Butler, A., Furness, R., Trinder, M., Daunt, F. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Impacts of onshore wind energy production on birds and bats: recommendations for future life cycle impact assessment developments Laranjeiro, T., May, R., Verones, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Male Greater Prairie-Chickens Adjust their Vocalizations in the Presence of Wind Turbine Noise Whalen, C., Brown, M., McGee, J., Powell, L., Walsh, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
New Creek Wind Project 2017 Post-construction Monitoring Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Dodging the blades: new insights into threedimensional space use of offshore wind farms by lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus Thaxter, C., Ross-Smith, V., Bouten, W., Masden, E., Clark, N., Conway, G., Barber, L., Clewley, G., Burton, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
Dodging the blades: new insights into three-dimensional space use of offshore wind farms by lesser black-backed gulls Larus fuscus Thaxter, C., Ross-Smith, V., Bouten, W., Masden, E., Clark, N., Conway, G., Barber, L., Clewley, G., Burton, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Impacts of wind turbines on redheads in the Laguna Madre Lange, C., Ballard, B., Collins, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Waterfowl, Birds
Public receptiveness of vertical axis wind turbines Hui, I., Cain, B., Dabiri, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Avian Monitoring and Mortality Report at the National Wind Technology Center: January 2010 - February 2011 Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds
Mapping the global potential exposure of soaring birds to terrestrial wind energy expansion Santangeli, A., Butchart, S., Pogson, M., Hastings, A., Smith, P., Girardello, M., Moilanen, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Seabird Counts at North Caithness Cliffs SPA in 2015 and 2016 for Marine Renewable Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Tracking Migratory Bird Movements in the Gulf of Maine with Automated Telemetry and Stable Hydrogen Isotope Markers Smetzer, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Assessing and Managing Effect Spheres of Influence Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B., Vigin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Scale-dependent habitat selection by wintering geese: implications for landscape management Harrison, A., Petkov, N., Mitev, D., Popgeorgiev, G., Gove, B., Hilton, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Waterfowl, Birds
Seabird counts at St Abb's Head to Fast Castle SPA in 2016 for Marine Renewables Casework Swann, B. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Biodiversity and Wind Farms in Portugal: Current Knowledge and Insights for an Integrated Impact Assessment Process Mascarenhas, M., Marques, A., Ramalho, R., Santos, D., Bernardino, J., Fonseca, C. Book Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Whooping Crane and Sandhill Crane Monitoring at Five Wind Energy Facilities Derby, C., Welsch, M., Thorn, T. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Shorebirds
U.S. Geological Survey - Energy and Wildlife Research Annual Report for 2017 Khalil, M. Report Wind Energy Terrestrial Mammals, Fish, Birds, Bats
Bird collision with power lines: estimating carcass persistence and detection associated with ground search surveys Borner, L., Duriez, O., Besnard, A., Robert, A., Carrere, V., Jiguet, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Estimating flight heights of seabirds using optical rangefinders and GPS data loggers: a methodological comparison Borkenhagen, K., Corman, A., Garthe, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Do American Golden-Plovers (Pluvialis dominica) Avoid Wind-energy Turbines in Agricultural Fields in Indiana During Spring Migration? Homoya, W., Moore, J., Ruhl, P., Dunning, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Shorebirds, Birds
The Effects of Wind Power on Birds and Bats: An Updated Synthesis Report Rydell, J., Ottvall, R., Pettersson, S., Green, M. Report Wind Energy Birds, Bats
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy First Annual Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Do birds in flight respond to (ultra)violet lighting? May, R., Åström, J., Hamre, Ø., Dahl, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Bird Detection and Species Classification with Time-Lapse Images around a Wind Farm: Dataset Construction and Evaluation Yoshihashi, R., Kawakami, R., Iida, M., Naemura, T. Journal Article Wind Energy Birds
The energy landscape predicts flight height and wind turbine collision hazard in three species of large soaring raptor Peron, G., Fleming, C., Duriez, O., Fluhr, J., Itty, C., Lambertucci, S., Safi, K., Shepard, E., Calabrese, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Raptors, Birds
2016-2017 Status Assessment and Update on the Wind Vision Roadmap DeMeo, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Raptors
SafeWind Chiro - Evaluation of the activity of chiroptera near wind turbines by video detection Roche, H., Valles, F., Goutorbe, E. Conference Paper Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Scavenger removal of bird carcasses at simulated wind turbines: Does carcass type matter? DeVault, T., Seamans, T., Linnell, K., Sparks, D., Beasley, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Bird migration monitoring in the Saint Nikola Wind Farm, Kaliakra region, in autumn 2017, and an analysis of potential impact after eight years of operation Zehtindjiev, P. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
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