Spain

Spain is located in Southern Europe, covers 505,944 km2 (195,346 mile2) of land surface, and has a population of 46.7 million people (UN data, 2021). Spain’s primary energy production is 385 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 31 MWh (UN data, 2021). Oil is the largest source of energy consumed, accounting for 45% of the national total (Our World in Data, 2023). Spain is home to 777 threatened species (UN data, 2021).

Spain is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems, participating in OES-Environmental. Spain had 2 policy and 6 project highlights in the 2023 OES Annual Report.

Spain is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN. Spain had a total installed wind power capacity of 29.8 GW by the end of 2022, an increase of 1.67 GW from the year before (IEA-Wind 2022 Annual Report).

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 168
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Bayesian networks for assessing the sustainability of the marine renewable energy sector in the blue economy of Spanish ports Vaca-Cabrero, J., González-Cancelas, N., Camaro-Orive, A. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
SafeWave Deliverable 3.2 Sound Propagation Modelling Gambin, J.A.G., Topon, K.A.S., Felis, I. Report Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Assessing the potential impacts of floating Offshore Wind Farms on policy-relevant species: A case study in the Gulf of Roses, NW Mediterranean Wawrzynkowski, P., Molins, C., Lloret, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Addressing offshore wind farms compatibilities and conflicts with marine conservation through the application of modelled benchmarking scenarios Montero, L., Abramic, A., Marrero, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement Human Dimensions, Fisheries
More robust offshore wind energy planning through model ensembling Depellegrin, D., Ambrosino, M., Roy, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
SafeWave Deliverable 3.1 EMF Modelling Imperadore, A., Amaral, L., Vinagre, P. Report Marine Energy EMF
Wind farms and Griffon Vultures: Evidence that under certain conditions history is not-always turbulent Farfan, M., Díaz-Ruiz, F., Duarte, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
SafeWave Deliverable 6.3 Identifying Suitable Areas for Developing Wave Energy Projects in the European Atlantic Region Galparsoro, I., Mandiola, G., Villarín, E. Report Marine Energy, Wave Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Underwater noise impact assessment of a wave energy converter in the northern Atlantic (Spain) Madrid, E., Felis, I., Garcia, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Noise
High Bat Fatality Rates Estimated at Wind Farms in Southern Spain Sanchez-Navarro, S., Gálvez-Ruiz, D., Rydell, J. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Bats
Flight Type and Seasonal Movements Are Important Predictors for Avian Collisions in Wind Farms Puente, A., Balmori, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Diverse responses of coastal communities to offshore wind farming development in Southern Spain Frolova, M., Pérez-Pérez, B., Herrero-Luque, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
SafeWave Deliverable 2.5 Monitoring fish communities Uriarte, A., Boyra, G., Ferarios, J. Report Marine Energy, Wave Attraction Fish
The species-specificity of energy landscapes for soaring birds, and its consequences for transferring suitability models across species Scacco, M., Arrondo, E., Donazar, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow, Collision Birds, Raptors
Analysing citizens’ perceptions of renewable energies in rural areas: A case study on wind farms in Spain Duarte, R., García-Riazuelo, A., Saez, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Effects of Tidal Stream Energy Exploitation on Estuarine Circulation and Its Seasonal Variability Sanchez, M., Fouz, D., López, I. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Water Quality
Significant decline of Griffon Vulture collision mortality in wind farms during 13-year of a selective turbine stopping protocol Ferrer, M., Alloing, A., Baumbush, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Country-Specific Guidance Document: Spain OES-Environmental Report Marine Energy
Environmental Compatibility of the Parc Tramuntana Offshore Wind Project in Relation to Marine Ecosystems Diez-Caballero, K., Troiteiro, S., Garcia-Alba, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Wind farm noise shifts vocalizations of a threatened shrub-steppe passerine Gomez-Catasus, J., Barrero, A., Llusia, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Birds, Passerines
Factors influencing wind turbine avoidance behaviour of a migrating soaring bird Santos, C., Ramesh, H., Ferraz, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Seabirds
Application of Marine Spatial Planning tools for tidal stream farm micro-siting Álvarez, M., Ramos, V., Carballo, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Visual cost of energy facilities: A comprehensive model and case study of offshore wind farms Otero, C., Lopez, J., Diaz, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
A scientific study recommends excluding and moving offshore wind farms away from the protected areas in the Mediterranean Universitat de Barcelona, University of Girona Magazine Article Wind Energy Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Recreation & Tourism
Crossing artificial obstacles during migration: The relative global ecological risks and interdependencies illustrated by the migration of common quail Coturnix coturnix Nadal, J., Sáez, D., Margalida, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Application of Monte Carlo and Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Processes for ranking floating wind farm locations Díaz, H., Teixeira, A., Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
Socio-economic impact of a 200 MW floating wind farm in Gran Canaria Schallenberg-Rodriguez, J., Inchausti-Sintes, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Introducing offshore wind energy in the sea space: Canary Islands case study developed under Maritime Spatial Planning principles Abramic, A., Mendoza, A., Haroun, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessing the effect of wind farms in fauna with a mathematical model Roman, P., Salinas, C., Araujo, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Landscape features associated to wind farms increase mammalian predator abundance and ground-nest predation Gomez-Catasus, J., Barrero, A., Reverter, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Terrestrial Mammals
Marine renewable energy and maritime spatial planning in Spain: Main challenges and recommendations Quero García, P., Sanabria, J., Ruiz, J. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A Multi-Criteria Approach to Evaluate Floating Offshore Wind Farms Siting in the Canary Islands (Spain) Díaz, H., Soares, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Black kites of different age and sex show similar avoidance responses to wind turbines during migration Santos, C., Ferraz, R., Muñoz, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Transcontinental 2200 km migration of a Nathusius’ pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii) across Europe Alcalde, J., Jiménez, M., Brila, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Factors affecting carcass detection at wind farms using dogs and human searchers del Valle, J., Peralta, F., Arjona, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
PivotBuoy An Advanced System for Cost-effective and Reliable Mooring, Connection, Installation & Operation of Floating Wind D6.2: Update of Reliability, Health & Safety and Environmental Assessment of the PivotBuoy system Intecsea Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions
Lost (and found) in Transition: Expert stakeholder insights on low-carbon energy transitions in Spain Sorman, A., Garcia-Muros, X., Pizarro-Irizar, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Public acceptance of and heterogeneity in behavioral beach trip responses to offshore wind farm development in Catalonia (Spain) Voltaire, L., Koutchade, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism, Visual Impacts
Blue energy and marine spatial planning in Southern Europe García, P., Ruiz, J., Sanabria, J. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Foraging seabirds respond to an intermittent meteorological event in a coastal environment Waggitt, J., Torres, R., Fraser, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Displaying 1 - 40 of 168 results