Birds

A broad term that applies to all species of birds.

Birds are a group of endothermic vertebrates characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong, lightweight skeleton. With approximately ten thousand species, birds rank as the class of tetrapods with the most living species, with more than half of those being passerines.

Collision with wind turbine blades can kill birds, though the impact of individual deaths on the greater population varies greatly based on species. Research continues to explore mitigation such as operation limitations, siting location, and lighting selection. Bird collisions with offshore wind turbines present an additional challenge of being unable to count bodies to determine the scale of mortality. Marine renewable energy devices likely pose little threat to diving birds colliding with tidal turbines, or birds colliding with floating wave energy devices. Birds are classified in the following categories:

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 2473
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Methodological Selection of Optimal Features for Object Classification Based on Stereovision System Tkaczyk, R., Madejski, G., Gradolewski, D. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Trends in greater sage-grouse lek counts relative to existing wind energy development in Wyoming Smith, K., LeBeau, C., Hoskovec, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Integrated Environmental & Social Sensitivity Mapping: Guidance for Early Offshore Wind Spatial Planning World Bank Group Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
From Concerns to Engagement: How experts address citizen concerns about birds through engagement in wind farm projects Dossin, B. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Forecasting nocturnal bird migration for dynamic aeroconservation: The value of short-term datasets Bradaric, M., Kranstauber, B., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Integrated survey methodologies provide process-driven framework for marine renewable energy environmental impact assessment Chapman, J., Williamson, B., Couto, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Birds, Fish
Reduced survival in a soaring bird breeding in wind turbine proximity along the northern Baltic Sea coast Nebel, C., Stjernberg, T., Tikkanen, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
The Potential Environmental Impacts of Floating Offshore Wind in California California Ocean Science Trust Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
Making eco-sustainable floating offshore wind farms: Siting, mitigations, and compensations Danovaro, R., Bianchelli, S., Brambilla, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Commercial Wind Lease OCS-A 0499 Sullivan, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Detection and Deterrent System in Reducing Golden Eagle Fatalities at Operational Wind Facilities Felton, S., Perkins, L., Smith, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Assessing the Ecological and Social Impact of Wind Farms: A Comprehensive Study Rottbers, A. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Concurrent challenges for Switzerland: interfaces in climate action, biodiversity conservation, energy security and landscape preservation Brunner, C., Lordan-Perret, R., Cadelli, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment Ouro, P., Fernandez, R., Armstrong, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
A framework for studying the effects of offshore wind energy development on birds and bats in the Eastern United States Williams, K., Gulka, J., Cook, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Tracking data highlight the importance of human-induced mortality for large migratory birds at a flyway scale Serratosa, J., Oppel, S., Rotics, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Assessing exposure to wind turbines of a migratory raptor through its annual life cycle across continents Assandri, G., Bazzi, G., Bermejo-Bermejo, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Birds, Raptors
Final Environmental Assessment for Additional Site Assessment Activities on Beacon Wind, LLC’s Renewable Energy Lease OCS-A 0527 Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Accounting for the Fraction of Carcasses Outside the Searched Area in the Estimation of Bird and Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities Dalthorp, D., Huso, M., Dalthorp, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Data Fusion and Visualization Approaches to Achieving a Common Operating Picture During Offshore Wind Construction and Operation Works Doolittle, D., Eaton, R., Parslow, Marna Conference Paper Wind Energy Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Autonomous thermal tracking reveals spatiotemporal patterns of seabird activity relevant to interactions with floating offshore wind facilities Schneider, S., Kramer, S., Bernstein, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Lack of evasive behaviour by a Martial Eagle Polemaetus bellicosus on impact with a turbine blade at a South African wind farm: causes and mitigations; Absence de comportement évasif d’un Aigle martial Polemaetus bellicosus lors de l’impact avec une pale Simmons, R., Martins, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Using juvenile movements as a proxy for adult habitat and space use in long-lived territorial species: a case study on the golden eagle Hemery, A., Duriez, O., Itty, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals Dobson, T., Lenchine, V., Bainbridge, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Environmental Impact Assessment
Deep learning workflow to support in-flight processing of digital aerial imagery for wildlife population surveys Ke, T., Yu, S., Koneff, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms Szostek, C., Edwards-Jones, A., Beaumont, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind Facts: Birds and Bats Special Initiative on Offshore Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds
Drivers of flight altitude during nocturnal bird migration over the North Sea and implications for offshore wind energy Bradaric, M., Kranstauber, B., Bouten, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds
A three-dimensional model of terrain-induced updrafts for movement ecology studies Thedin, R., Brandes, D., Quon, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Bats, Birds
Short Science Summary: Raptor Monitoring and Minimization Technologies WREN, Dempsey, L., Hein, C. Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2023 Magnus, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Mapping seabird vulnerability to offshore wind farms in Norwegian waters Fauchald, P., Ollus, V., Ballesteros, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Prioritizing landscapes for mitigating the impacts of onshore wind farms on multidimensional waterbird diversity in the Yellow Sea Zhao, S., Xu, H., Wang, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Shorebirds
What level of monitoring is enough to detect displacement effects of offshore wind farms? Hall, R., Black, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Seabirds
The global impact of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services Watson, S., Somerfield, P., Lemasson, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2023-2024 Zehtindjiev, P., Whitefield, P. Report Wind Energy Birds
A standardized protocol for assessing the performance of automatic detection systems used in onshore wind power plants to reduce avian mortality Ballester, C., Dupont, S., Corbeau, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Offshore wind energy potential along the Indian Coast considering ecological safeguards Bonthu, S., Purvaja, R., Singh, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Geese migrating over the Pacific Ocean select altitudes coinciding with offshore wind turbine blades Weiser, E., Overton, C., Douglas, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl
Challenges in quantifying the responses of Black-legged Kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla to habitat variables and local stressors due to individual variation O'Hanlon, N., Thaxter, C., Clewley, G. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement Birds, Seabirds
Displaying 81 - 120 of 2473 results