Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Status and Applications of Acoustic Mitigation and Monitoring Systems for Marine Mammals Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Workshop Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
The Physics Of Geomagnetic-Field Transduction In Animals Winklhofer, M. Journal Article EMF Reptiles, Marine Mammals, Fish, Birds
Spatial Planning of Offshore Wind Farms: A Windfall to Marine Environmental Protection? Punt, M.; Groeneveld, R.; Van Ierland, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Ripley Wind Power Project Post-Construction Monitoring Report Jacques Whitford Stantec Limited Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Modelling Human Impacts on the Tasmanian Wedge-Tailed Eagle (Aquila audax fleayi) Bekessy, S.; Wintle, B.; Gordon, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Raptors, Birds
High Definition Imagery for Surveying Seabirds and Marine Mammals: A Review of Recent Trials and Development of Protocols Thaxter, C.; Burton, N. Report Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Birds
Challenges and Solutions of Remote Sensing at Offshore Wind Energy Developments Kelly, T.; West, T.; Davenport, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds
Comparison of Visual and Digital Aerial Survey Results of Avian Abundance for Round 3, Norfolk Region Burt, L.; Rexstad, E.; Buckland, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Real-Time Environmental Monitoring from a Wind Farm Platform in the Texas Hypoxia Zone Mullins, R.; DiMarco, S.; Walpert, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals [Presentation] Miller, J.; Potty, G.; Raposa, K.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Map-Based Repowering and Reorganization of a Wind Resource Area to Minimize Burrowing Owl and Other Bird Fatalities Smallwood, K.; Neher, L.; Bell, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Behavioral Responses of Beaked Whales and Other Cetaceans to Controlled Exposures of Simulated Sonar and Other Sounds Southall, B.; Tyack, P.; Moretti, D.; et al. Presentation Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Preliminary Flora and Fauna Assessment - Penshurst Wind Farm McMahon, A.; Marr, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals Miller, J.; Potty, G.; Raposa, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Collision Risk of Birds with Modern Large Wind Turbines Krijgsveld, K.; Akershoek, K.; Schenk, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Avoidance Birds
Range Management Practices to Reduce Wind Turbine Impacts on Burrowing Owls and Other Raptors in the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California Smallwood, K.; Neher, L.; Bell, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Wind Energy Development, Prescribed Fire and Migratory Land Birds in the Southeastern United States: Breeding, Stopover, and Wintering Habitat Relationships Brennan, L.; Ballard, B.; Kuvlesky, W. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Towers, Turbines, Power Lines, and Buildings-Steps Being Taken by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to Avoid or Minimize Take of Migratory Birds at these Structures Manville, A. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Proceedings of the Fourth International Partners in Flight Conference: Tundra to Tropics Rich, T.; Arizmendi, C.; Demarest, D.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy Birds
Potential Impacts of Wind Farm Energy Development on Upland Game Birds: Questions and Concerns Brennan, L.; Perez, R.; DeMaso, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Post-Construction Avian Monitoring Study for the Shiloh I Wind Power Project Solano County, California Kerlinger, P.; Curry, R.; Culp, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Port Elizabeth Wind Energy Facility Avifaunal and Bat Impact Assessment Strugnell, L.; Smallie, J.; Patterson-Abrolat, C. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Birds, Bats
An Integrated Risk Framework for Gigawatt-Scale Deployments of Renewable Energy: The U.S. Wind Energy Case Ram, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
A Comparison of Offshore Wind Power Development in Europe and the US: Patterns and Drivers of Development Snyder, B.; Kaiser, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Wave Power Potential along the Atlantic Coast of the Southeastern USA Defne, Z.; Haas, K.; Fritz, H. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave
Interim summary: bat acoustic monitoring at the proposed Blue Creek Wind Farm, Paulding and Van Wert County, Ohio BHE Environmental Inc Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Life cycle analysis of 4.5 MW and 250 W wind turbines Tremeac, B.; Meunier, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Humber Gateway Offshore Wind Farm: Non-Technical Summary of the Onshore Substation and Cable Spur Environmental Statement E.ON Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm: Mid-Construction Scour and Inter-Array Cable Monitoring Surveys E.ON Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Effects of Hydrographic and Meteorological Factors on Seasonal Seabird Abundance in the Southern North Sea Garthe, S.; Markones, N.; Hüppop, O.; et al. Journal Article Seabirds, Birds
Combining Vessel-Based Surveys and Tracking Data to Identify Key Marine Areas for Seabirds Louzao, M.; Bécares, J.; Rodríguez, B.; et al. Journal Article Birds, Seabirds
Sensitive Grassland Bird Species Habitat Assessment Arkwright Summit Wind Farm Tidhar, D.; Courage, Z.; Young, D. Jr. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
The Distribution of Breeding Birds around Upland Wind Farms Pearce-Higgins, J.; Stephen, L.; Langston, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Avoidance Birds
Weight-of-evidence evaluation in environmental assessment: Review of qualitative and quantitative approaches Linkov, I.; Loney, D.; Cormier, S.; et al. Journal Article Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Stakeholder Perceptions of the Wave Hub Development in Cornwall, UK. West, J.; Bailey, I.; Whithead, I. Conference Paper Fixed Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement
2008/2009 Annual Report for the Buena Vista Avian and Bat Monitoring Project Insignia Environmental Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Avian and Bat Fatality Rates at Old-Generation and Repowered Wind Turbines in California Smallwood, K.; Karas, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds, Bats
Assessment of the Effects of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ) for Harbour Porpoise (comparison T0 and T1) Scheidat, M.; Aarts, G.; Bakker, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals
A Large-Scale Mitigation Experiment to Reduce Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities Baerwald, E.; Edworthy, J.; Holder, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
An Investigation of the Wind Induced Background Sound Levels in Rural Areas for Existing and Proposed Wind Farms Bonsma, I.; Munro, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise
Integrated Assessment of Coastal and Marine Changes Using the Example of Offshore Wind Farms: the Coastal Futures Approach Kannen, A.; Burkhard, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Influence of Behavior on Bird Mortality in Wind Energy Developments Smallwood, K.; Rugge, L.; Morrison, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Waterfowl
Coastal Process Modelling for Offshore Windfarm Environmental Impact Assessment: Best Practice Guide Lambkin, D.; Harris, J.; Cooper, W.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Bird species of concern at wind farms in New Zealand Powlesland, R. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Robin Rigg Offshore Wind Farm: Before and During-construction Marine Mammal Monitoring Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies Ltd (CMACS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Marine Mammals
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA Licence Conditions: Marine Mammals Philpott, E.; Tollit, D.; Mackey, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Energy Sprawl or Energy Efficiency: Climate Policy Impacts on Natural Habitat for the United States of America McDonald, R.; Fargione, J.; Kiesecker, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA Licence Conditions: Birds Budgey, R.; Ormston, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA Licence Conditions: Benthic Ecology Walker, R.; Weiss, L.; Froján, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Did the Pile Driving during the Construction of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee, the Netherlands, Impact Local Seabirds? Leopold, M.; Camphuysen, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Seabirds, Birds

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