Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Klondike III (Phase 1) Wind Power Project Wildlife Monitoring Study October 2007–October 2009 Gritski, B.; Downes, S.; Kronner, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
FARMLAND BIRDS ACROSS THE WORLD van der Weijden, W.; Terwan, P.; Guldemond, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Wave Energy and Underwater Noise: Assessment and Monitoring Aspects Patricio, S.; Soares, C. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Approaches to Marine Mammal Monitoring at Marine Renewable Energy Developments Macleod, K.; Du Fresne, S.; Mackey, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals
Environmental Impact Assessment of Offshore Wind Farms: A Simulation-Based Approach Lapeña, B.; Wijnberg, K.; Hulscher, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Clocaenog Forest Wind Farm Collision Risk Report Model George, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Bryozoan Distribution and Diversity in the Scottish Sea Regions Rouse, S.; Jones, M.; Porter, J. Journal Article Invertebrates
The Legal Framework for Offshore Wind Farms: A Critical Analysis of the Consents Process Gibson, E.; Howsamn, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Strategic Review of Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Data Associated with FEPA License Conditions Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (CEFAS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
The precautionary principle and wind-farm planning: data scarcity does not imply absence of effects Carrete, M.; Sanchez-Zapata, J.; Benitez, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Tackling ‘ghost nets’: Local solutions to a global issue in northern Australia Gunn, R.; Hardesty, B.; Butler, J. Journal Article Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
Developing an Instrumentation Package for in-Water Testing of Marine Hydrokinetic Energy Devices Nelson, E. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Assessing the Responses of Coastal Cetaceans to the Construction of Offshore Wind Turbines Thompson, P.; Lusseau, D.; Barton, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Statutory Nature Conservation Agency Protocol for Minimising the Risk of Injury to Marine Mammals from Piling Noise Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
London Array Offshore Wind Farm Project - Aerial survey methods, data collection and statistical analysis APEM Ltd Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Greening Blue Energy: Identifying and Managing the Biodiversity Risks and Opportunities of Offshore Renewable Energy Wilhelmsson, D.; Malm, T.; Thompson, R.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Bat Mortality at Wind Turbines in Northwestern Europe Rydell, J.; Bach, L.; Dubourg-Savage, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Burbo Bank Extension Offshore Wind Farm: Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Sørensen, T.; Giammichele, F.; Barberis-Negra, N.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A crane movement model parameterized using portable radar for evaluating response to wind energy development Kirsch, E.; Diehl, R.; Suarez, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Shorebirds
Novel Scavenger Removal Trials Increase Wind Turbine - Caused Avian Fatality Estimates Smallwood, K.; Bell, D.; Snyder, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Acuity of a Cryptochrome and Vision-Based Magnetoreception System in Birds Solov'yov, I.; Mouritsen, H.; Schulten, K. Journal Article EMF Birds
Megabenthic Invertebrates on Shell Mounds Associated with Oil and Gas Platforms Off California Goddard, J.; Love, M. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates
A Noisy Spring: The Impact of Globally Rising Underwater Sound Levels on Fish Slabbekoorn, H.; Bouton, N.; van Opzeeland, I.; et al. Journal Article Noise Fish
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 4: Fish and Fisheries Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 2: Avian Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 3: Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Studies Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles
Ocean Wind Power Ecological Baseline Studies Final Report - Volume 1: Overview, Summary, and Application Geo-Marine Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Updated Summary of Knowledge: Selected Areas of the Pacific Coast Kaplan, B.; Beegle-Krause, C.; McCay, D.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Triton Knoll Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Wilson, M.; Ireland, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Barriers to Movement: Modelling Energetic Costs of Avoiding Marine Wind Farms Amongst Breeding Seabirds Masden, E.; Haydon, D.; Fox, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Charting Progress 2: An Assessment of the State of UK Seas UK Marine Monitoring Assessment Strategy Community Report Human Dimensions
The Effect of a Large Danish Offshore Wind Farm on Harbor and Gray Seal Haul-Out Behavior Edrén, S.; Andersen, S.; Teilmann, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals
LCA sensitivity analysis of a multi-megawatt wind turbine Martínez, E.; Jiménez, E.; Blanco, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Fish And Sessile Assemblages Associated With Wind-turbine Constructions In The Baltic Sea Andersson, M.; Öhman, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates
Wind Energy: Progress and Potential Kaygusuz, K. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Spatial Distribution, Abundance and Flight Ecology of Birds in Nearshore and Offshore Waters in Rhode Island Paton, P.; Winiarski, K.; Trocki, C.; et al. Report Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Coastal And Offshore Wind Energy Generation: Is It Environmentally Benign? Wilson, J.; Elliott, M.; Cutts, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change
Bird Migration Flight Altitudes Studied by a Network of Operational Weather Radars Dokter, A.; Liechti, F.; Stark, H.; et al. Journal Article Birds
Search Areas for Monitoring Bird and Bat Carcasses at Wind Farms using a Monte-Carlo Model Hull, C.; Muir, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Guidelines on the Environmental Impact Assessment for Wind Farms Ivanović, S.; Cvetković, S.; Tošović, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Impact of Terrestrial Wind Farms on Diurnal Raptors: Developing a Spatial Vulnerability Index and Potential Vulnerability Maps Noguera, J.; Pérez, I.; Mínguez, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Human Perception of Sound from Wind Turbines Pedersen, E.; Forssén, J.; Waye, K. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Human Dimensions
Environment and Siting: Supporting Research on Impacts to Birds, Bats and Habitats from Wind Development National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change
The Impacts of Roads and other Infrastructure on Mammal and Bird Populations: A Meta-Analysis Benitez-Lopez, A.; Alkemade, R.; Verweij, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals, Birds
An Overview Of Ocean Renewable Energy Technologies Bedard, R.; Jacobson, P.; Previsic, M.; et al. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Wave, Tidal, OTEC, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy
California Offshore Wind Energy Potential Dvorak, M.; Archer, C.; Jacobson, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Assessing Underwater Noise Levels during Pile-Driving at an Offshore Windfarm and its Potential Effects on Marine Mammals Bailey, H.; Senior, B.; Simmons, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Quantifying the Relative Use of Coastal Waters by Breeding Terns: Towards Effective Tools for Planning & Assessing the Ornithological Impact of Offshore Wind Farms Perrow, M.; Gilroy, J.; Skeate, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Seabirds, Birds
Comparison of Design- and Model-Based Estimates of Seabird Abundance Derived from Visual, Digital Still Transects and Digital Video Aerial Surveys in Carmarthen Bay Burt, L.; Rexstad, E.; Buckland, S. Report Birds, Seabirds
Environmental and Ecological Effects of Ocean Renewable Energy Development: A Current Synthesis Boehlert, G.; Gill, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind

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