Bats

Mammals with webbed wings capable of true flight.

Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera that can be divided into major groups. Megachiroptera are medium to large-sized bats that typically eat fruit, pollen, or nectar, while some eat small land animals or fish. Microchiroptera are smaller bats that typically eat insects. Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight thanks to their membranous wings and are considered at risk from collision with both land-based and offshore wind turbines.

While little is known about bats’ abilities to avoid artificial structures, they have been observed avoiding offshore wind turbines by increasing their flight altitudes while foraging. However, artificial lighting may attract insects toward wind energy turbines, which may encourage bats to remain in the vicinity. Collision risk remains the most common concern regarding bats and land-based wind and offshore wind energy.

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 1090
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Have we all gone batty? The need for a better balance between the conservation of protected species and the development of clean renewable energy Householder, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Human Dimensions
Bats and Wind Energy - A Literature Synthesis and Annotated Bibliography Ellison, L. Report Wind Energy Bats
Effects of Acoustic Deterrents on Foraging Bats Johnson, J., Ford, W., Rodrigue, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Interactions with Offshore Wind Energy: Birds and Bats Island Institute Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Changes in Flow, Avoidance, Attraction Seabirds, Birds, Bats
South African Good Practice Guidelines for Surveying Bats in Wind Farm Developments Sowler, S., Stoffberg, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Bat Surveys – Good Practice Guidelines (2nd edition): Surveying for Onshore Wind Turbines Hundt, L., Barlow, K., Crompton, R. Report Wind Energy Bats
Avian and Bat Protection Plan: AWA Goodhue Wind Project Westwood Professional Services Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Greening the Wind: Environmental and Social Considerations for Wind Power Development Ledec, G., Rapp, K., Aiello, R. Book Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions, Ecosystem Processes, Birds, Bats
A new method to determine bird and bat fatality at wind energy turbines from carcass searches Korner-Nievergelt, F., Korner-Nievergelt, P., Behr, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Birds, Bats
Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Ultrasonic Acoustic Deterrent in Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities - Final Report Arnett, E., Hein, C., Schirmacher, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Multi-Year Acoustic Monitoring of Bats at the Maple Ridge Wind Project New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Enhancing Carcass Removal Trials at Three Wind Energy Facilities in Portugal Bernardino, J., Bispo, R., Torres, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
Stable Isotope Analyses of Bat Fur: Applications for Investigating North American Bat Migration Fraser, E. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats
Additional Evidence for Barotrauma as a Cause of Bat Mortality at Wind Farms Brownlee, S., Whidden, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Scaling of Wingbeat Frequency with Body Mass in Bats and Limits to Maximum Bat Size Norberg, U., Norberg, R. Journal Article Bats
Wind power's impacts on birds and bats - Synthesis report; Vindkraftens paaverkan paa faaglar och fladdermoess - Syntesrapport Rydell, J., Hendenstroem, A., Green, M. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats
Using echolocation monitoring to model bat occupancy and inform mitigations at wind energy facilities Weller, T., Baldwin, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Bats
Bat Fatality Monitoring Report for the Pigeon Creek Wind Turbine Dewitt, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Investigating the Causes of Death for Wind Turbine-Associated Bat Fatalities Grodsky, S., Behr, M., Gendler, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative: Synthesis of Activities (2004-2011), Key Findings and Next Steps Arnett, E., Hein, C., Patterson, R. Report Wind Energy Bats
Patterns of Pre-Construction Bat Acoustic Activity at the Proposed Resolute Wind Energy Project, Wyoming, 2009-2010 Hein, C., Schirmacher, M., Arnett, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Assessing Bird and Bat Mortality at the Forward Energy Center Grodsky, S., Drake, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Ultrasonic noise emissions from wind turbines: Potential effects on bat species Long, C., Lepper, P., Flint, J. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats
Using Stakeholder Input to Develop a Comparative Risk Assessment for Wildlife from the Life Cycles of Six Electrical Generation Fuels Zillioux, E., Newman, J., Lampman, G. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Stakeholder Engagement, Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
Integration and Validation of Avian Radars (IVAR) Brand, M., Key, G., Nohara, T. Report Wind Energy Bats, Birds
Bats and Bat Habitats: Guidelines for Wind Power Projects Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Report Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats
ID Stat: Innovative Technology for Assessing Wildlife Collisions with Wind Turbines Delprat, B., Alcuri, G. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats, Birds
Patterns of activity and fatality of migratory bats at a wind energy facility in Alberta, Canada Baerwald, E., Barclay, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Collision Bats
Sveti Nikola Wind Farm 2010 Bat Surveys Report RSK Group Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
A Practical Sampling Design for Acoustic Surveys of Bats Rodhouse, T., Vierling, K., Irvine, K. Journal Article Bats
Seasonal and Geographic Trends in Acoustic Detection of Tree-Roosting Bats Johnson, J., Watrous, K., Giumarro, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Comprehensive Guide to Studying Wind Energy Wildlife Interactions Strickland, D., Arnett, E., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Wind turbines as landscape impediments to the migratory connectivity of bats Cryan, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision Bats
Risks to Birds and Wildlife from Offshore Wind Farms: BOEMRE NC Task Force Peterson, C. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Wind Energy's Subtle Effect - Habitat Fragmentation Pruett, J. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Pre-construction study: Recording bats from a helium balloon in collision relevant heights with an automated system Albrecht, K., Grünfelder, C. Presentation Wind Energy Bats
Appropriate assessment of plans and projects for Croatian National Ecological Network - utilization of bird and bat impact zonation in the southern coastal part of Croatia Schneider, D., Trenc, N., Ivičić, B. Presentation Wind Energy Bats, Birds
Impact of wind speed on the activity of bats - at the coast and inland Bach, P., Niermann, I., Bach, L. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
A Multi-Method Approach to Determine the Impact of Existing Wind Power Plants on Bird and Bat Migration on the Island of Fehmarn, Germany Reichenbach, M., Grunkorn, T. Presentation Wind Energy Bats, Birds
What does bat activity inside the forest tell us about the activity above the canopy? A method for censuring bat activity at proposed wind farms in forests Bach, L., Bach, P., Tillmann, M. Presentation Bats
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