United States of America

United States of America (USA) is located in North America, covers 9,833,517 km2 (3,796,742 mile2) of land surface, and has a population of 333 million people (UN data, 2021). The USA’s primary energy production is 25,245 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 79 MWh (UN data, 2021). Oil is the largest source of energy consumed, accounting for 38% of the national total (Our World in Data, 2023). The USA is home to 1,841 threatened species (UN data, 2021).

The USA is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems, participating in OES-Environmental. The USA had 2 policy and 6 project highlights in the 2023 OES Annual Report.

The USA is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN. The USA had a total installed wind power capacity of 144.2 GW by the end of 2022, an increase of 8.30 GW from the year before (IEA-Wind 2022 Annual Report).

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 2250
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Precipitation reduction during Hurricane Harvey with simulated offshore wind farms Pan, Y., Yan, C., Archer, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Texturizing Wind Turbine Towers to Reduce Bat Mortality Bennett, V., Hendrix, T. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
Estimating the Likelihood of Bat Barotrauma using Computational Simulations and Analytical Calculations Lawson, M., Jenne, D., Thresher, R. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
The social dynamics of turbine tourism and recreation: Introducing a mixed-method approach to the study of the first U.S. offshore wind farm Smith, H., Smythe, T., Moore, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Recreation & Tourism
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Guidance for Commercial Wind Energy Projects Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Anthropogenic disturbance facilitates a non-native species on offshore oil platforms Viola, S., Page, H., Zaleski, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies Morandi, A., Berkman, S., Rowe, J. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
University of New Hampshire Living Bridge Project University of New Hampshire Project Site Marine Energy, Riverine, Tidal
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Winter 2017–2018 Target Extraction Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Fixed Point Raptor Migration Survey at the National Wind Technology Center: April 2010 Ryon, T., Brenda, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix Q: Avian and Bat Risk Assessment Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Seabirds
Marine Mammal Behavioral Response to Tidal Turbine Sound Robertson, F., Wood, J., Joslin, J. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative 5th Science and All Committees Meeting: 2018 Workshop Proceedings Bats and Wind Energy Cooperative (BWEC) Workshop Article Wind Energy Bats
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Winter 2017-2018 Taxonomic Analysis Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Wind in the sails or choppy seas?: People-place relations, aesthetics and public support for the United States’ first offshore wind project Firestone, J., Bidwell, D., Gardner, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions
Resource Availability May Not Be a Useful Predictor of Migratory Bat Fatalities or Activity at Wind Turbines Bennett, V., Hale, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction Bats
The Influence of Real‐World Wind Turbine Deployments on Local to Mesoscale Climate Pryor, S., Barthelmie, R., Shepherd, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Life Cycle Environmental Impact of Onshore and Offshore Wind Farms in Texas Chipindula, J., Botlaguduru, V., Du, H. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
The utility of point count surveys to predict wildlife interactions with wind energy facilities: An example focused on golden eagles Sur, M., Belhoff, J., Bjerre, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Determining representative ranges of point sensors in distributed networks Horne, J., Jacques, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Fish
The Development of Ocean Test Beds for Ocean Technology Adaptation and Integration into the Emerging U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Industry Kirincich, A., Borkland, J., Hines, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Broadband echosounder measurements of the frequency response of fishes and euphausiids in the Gulf of Alaska Bassett, C., De Robertis, A., Wilson, C. Journal Article Fish
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summary of Spring 2018 Digital Survey #8 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Inconspicuous echolocation in hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus) Corcoran, A., Weller, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Comparison of Recent Oil and Gas, Wind Energy, and Other Anthropogenic Landscape Alteration Factors in Texas Through 2014 Pierre, J., Wolaver, B., Labay, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Physical Environment
Benthic assemblages of mega epifauna on the Oregon continental margin Hemery, L., Henkel, S., Cochrane, G. Journal Article Fish, Invertebrates
Opportunistically collected data reveal habitat selection by migrating Whooping Cranes in the US Northern Plains Niemuth, N., Ryba, A., Pearse, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
Landscape-Scale Wildlife Species Richness Metrics to Inform Wind and Solar Energy Facility Siting: An Arizona Case Study Thomas, K., Jarchow, C., Arundel, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Amaral, J., Beard, R., Barham, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Overcoming Biological Data Deficiencies in Environmental Permitting for Offshore Wind Energy Ryan, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Appendix D: Underwater Sound Monitoring Reports Amaral, J., Beard, R., Barham, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Predator attack rates and anti-predator behavior of side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) at Southern California wind farms, USA Keehn, J., Feldman, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Offshore Wind Sediment Stability Evaluation Framework Jones, C., McWilliams, S., Engelmann, G. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Local scour around a model hydrokinetic turbine in an erodible channel Hill, C., Musa, M., Chamorro, L. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Habitat Change Physical Environment
Risk of whale encounters with offshore renewable energy mooring lines and electrical cables Copping, A., Grear, M., Sanders, G. Presentation Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Entanglement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
BioFREE: an international collaboration to assess the impacts of biofouling on the marine renewable energy industry Want, A., Porter, J. Presentation Marine Energy
Guiding principles for assessing the impact of underwater noise Faulkner, R., Farcas, A., Merchant, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Estimating wind turbine fatalities using integrated detection trials Smallwood, K. Shawn, Bell, D., Walther, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Evaluating a Novel Approach to Optimize Operational Minimization to Reduce Bat Fatalities at the Pinnacle Wind Farm, Mineral County, West Virginia, 2015 Schirmacher, M., Prichard, A., Mabee, T. Report Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
2017 State of Wind Development in the United States by Region Oteri, F., Baranowski, R., Baring-Gould, I. Report Wind Energy
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