Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Avoidance of offshore wind farms by Sandwich Terns in the North Sea increases with turbine density van Bemmelen, R.; Leemans, J.; Collier, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Seabird tagging feasibility for the Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy Cook, A.; Pollock, C.; Bogdanova, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Strategic study of collision risk for birds on migration and further development of the stochastic collision risk modelling tool Woodward, I.; Franks, S.; Bowgen, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Understanding seabird behaviour at sea part 2: improved estimates of collision risk model parameters Cook, A.; Thaxter, C.; Davies, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
Impacts of offshore wind power development on China's marine economy and environment: A study from 2006 to 2019 Liu, G.; Kong, Z.; Sun, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Social & Economic Data
Potential Hydrodynamic Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy on Nantucket Shoals Regional Ecology: An Evaluation from Wind to Whales National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Assessing the Relationship between Sea Turtle Strandings and Anthropogenic Impacts in Taiwan Chou, W.; Wu, P.; Li, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas Holdman, A.; Tregenza, N.; Van Parijs, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Multispecies blue justice and energy transition conflict: examining challenges and possibilities for synergy between low-carbon energy and justice for humans and nonhuman nature Tafon, R.; Saunders, F.; Pikner, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Sustainability of corrosion protection for offshore wind turbine towers Juhl, M.; Hauschild, M.; Dam-Johansen, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Fixed-station and glider-based passive acoustic monitoring reveals spatiotemporal spawning dynamics of Atlantic cod and their potential interaction with offshore wind energy Van Hoeck, R.; Rowell, T.; Dean, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
A management-focused population viability analysis for North Atlantic right whales Runge, M.; Linden, D.; Hostetler, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Entanglement, Noise, Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Annual Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Oceanographic Effects of Offshore Wind Structures and Their Potential Impacts on the North Atlantic Right Whale and Their Prey Brodie, J.; Manhard, R.; Krebs, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
FEASIBILITY STUDY ON PREREQUISITES AND SPECIFICS OF FLOATING WIND FARMS DEPLOYMENT IN THE BULGARIAN OPEN SHELF Nikolov, G.; Truhkchev, D.; Kishev, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind
Reducing uncertainty in underwater noise assessments for offshore wind (ReCon) Carbon Trust Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Dogger Bank Wind Farm Equinor; SSE Renewables; Vårgrønn; et al. Project Site Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Amended Biological Opinion on the Effects of the Sunrise Wind Farm and Sunrise Wind Export Cable – Development and Operation on Federally Listed Species within the Jurisdiction of the Long Island Field Office, New York. Papa, S.; Spiller, K.; Kaforski, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
IECS Working Group on Fisheries Acoustics, Science and Technology (WGFAST) Ariza, A.; Diogoul, N.; Gastauer, s.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
West of Orkney Windfarm Offshore Environmental Impact Assessment West of Orkney Windfarm Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Consideration of avoidance behaviour of northern gannet (Morus bassanus) in collision risk modelling for offshore wind farm impact assessments (NECR512) Pavat, D.; Harker, A.; Humphries, G.; et al. Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part C) Quee, N. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Field data-based correlation between scour at offshore wind farms (OWFs) and hydrodynamic drivers Ludwig, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Empire Offshore Wind Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Integration criteria of offshore wind farms in the landscape: Viewpoints of local inhabitants Gkeka-Serpetsidaki, P.; Tsoutsos, T. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Floating wind and wave energy technologies: applications, synergies and role in decarbonization in Portugal White, C.; Carrelhas, A.; Gato, L.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Investigation of potential metal emissions from galvanic anodes in offshore wind farms into North Sea sediments Ebeling, A.; Wippermann, D.; Zimmermann, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
Towards understanding environmental and cumulative impacts of floating wind farms: Lessons learned from the fixed-bottom offshore wind farms Rezaei, F.; Contestabile, P; Vicinanza, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates
Vulnerability Index to Scale Effects of Offshore Renewable Energy on Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Off the U.S. West Coast (VIMMS) Southall, B.; Mazurek, R.; Eriksen, R. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Megafauna Aerial Surveys in the Wind Energy Areas of Southern New England with Emphasis on Large Whales: Final Report Campaign 7, 2022 O'Brien, O.; McKenna, K.; Hsu, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Vision paper: Decommissioning offshore windparks in the Belgian part of the North Sea Van Maele, T.; Desplenter, N.; Van Aken, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Noise Reduction Questionnaire Results and Recommendations Farr, H.; Ryan, K. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Marine spatial planning identifies solutions for offshore wind farms at fishery and environment in Taiwan territorial waters Liao, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Responsible Practices for Regional Wildlife Monitoring and Research in Relation to Offshore Wind Energy Development Regional Synthesis Workgroup of the Environmental Technical Working Group Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Floating offshore wind farms in Mediterranean marine protected areas: a cautionary tale Lloret, J.; Wawrzynkowski, P.; Dominguez-Carrió, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Offshore Grid Connection Pathway – Phase 2 Commission for Regulation of Utilities Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The rapid expansion of offshore wind farms challenges the reliability of ICES-coordinated fish surveys—insights from the Baltic Sea Haase, S.; von Dorrien, C.; Kaljuste, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Nationwide Recommendations for Impact Pile Driving Sound Exposure Modeling and Sound Field Measurement for Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plans Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Acoustic monitoring reveals spatiotemporal occurrence of Nathusius’ pipistrelle at the southern North Sea during autumn migration Lagerveld, S.; Wilkes, T.; van Puijenbroek, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Bats
FINAL Information Needed for Issuance of a Notice of Intent (NOI) Under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for a Construction and Operations Plan (COP) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Are offshore wind farms in the Netherlands a potential threat for coastal populations of noctule? Lagerveld, S.; Mostert, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
Effect of electromagnetic fields from renewable energy subsea power cables on righting reflex and physiological response of coastal invertebrates Chapman, E.; Rochas, C.; Piper, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Invertebrates
Relation Between Underwater Noise and Operating Offshore Wind Turbines Holme, C.; Simurda, M.; Gerlach, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas Stephenson, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Integrating Bird and Marine Mammal Monitoring into Offshore Wind Energy Development Infrastructure and Operations Courbis, S.; Etter, H.; Pacini, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Entanglement Birds, Marine Mammals
Longfin squid reproductive behaviours and spawning withstand wind farm pile driving noise Jones, I.; Schumm, M.; Stanley, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Invertebrates
Environmental DNA reveals spatial patterns of fish and plankton diversity at a floating offshore wind farm Hestetun, J.; Ray, J.; Murvoll, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Fish
Erfahrungsbericht Betriebsschall: Projektübergreifende Auswertung und Bewertung der Unterwasserschallmessungen aus der Betriebsphase von Offshore-Windparks Bellmann, M.; Müller, T.; Scheiblich, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Offshore wind project-level monitoring in the Northeast U.S. continental shelf ecosystem: evaluating the potential to mitigate impacts to long-term scientific surveys Methratta, E.; Lipsky, A.; Boucher, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Fish, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Parc éolien en mer de Saint Nazaire _ Suivi de l'avifaune et de la mégafaune marine.: Rapport final de la mesure MSU10 en phase de construction (Octobre 2021- Septembre 2022) Biotope Report Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds

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