The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.
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| Title | Author | Date Sort ascending | Content Type | Technology | Stressor | Receptor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diadromous Fish in the Context of Offshore Wind – Review of Current Knowledge & Future Research | Honkanen, H.; Moore, I.; Roger, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish | |
| Floating Offshore Wind Energy Infrastructure | Nielsen, K.; Robertson, B.; Sierman, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement | |
| Marine biodiversity related to establishment of offshore wind turbines: A case study from Kriegers Flak in the western Baltic Sea | Dahl, K.; Buur, H.; Göke, C.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Scenarios for Replacing Conventional Energy With Offshore Renewable Energy Along the Central California Coast | Ruttenberg, B.; Wang, Y. ; Walter, R.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | |
| Exploring the Potential for Genetic Stock Identification of Atlantic Salmon from the large Scottish East Coast Rivers | Cauwelier, E.; Gilbey, J.; Mollahan, P.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Fish | ||
| Marine renewable developments in Scottish waters: review of benthic ecological surveying | Aquatera | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| NMFS West Coast Offshore Wind Energy Strategic Science Plan | National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning | |
| Avoidance & Minimisation of Environmental Impacts from Offshore Wind & Grid Infrastructure | Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement | |
| Moray East Offshore Windfarm: Cod Spawning Survey Results – Technical Report | Lord, M. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish | ||
| Options for biodiversity-friendly designs and approaches for offshore wind farms in Ireland | BlueWise Marine | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
| Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement | |
| Socioeconomic Characterization of West Coast Fisheries in Relation to Offshore Wind Energy Development | Pfeiffer, L.; Alkire, C.; Ise, J. | Report | Wind Energy | Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement | ||
| Commercial Wind Lease Issuance on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf, Offshore Oregon Final Environmental Assessment | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); US Army Corps of Engineers; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
| Collaboration for Environmental Mitigation and Nature Inclusive Design (CEMNID) | Xodus Group; The Rich North Sea - De Rijke Noordzee | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Noise | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
| Wind Energy: Technologies and Approaches to Help Address Environmental Effects | United States Government Accountability Office | Report | Wind Energy | Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike | Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | |
| Realizing the Potential of eDNA Biodiversity Monitoring Tools in the Marine Environment with Application to Offshore Renewable Energy | Sepulveda, A.; Morrison, C.; Hunter, M.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles | |
| The Potential Environmental Impacts of Floating Offshore Wind in California | California Ocean Science Trust | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
| Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for Commercial Wind Lease OCS-A 0499 | Sullivan, K. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts | ||
| Final Environmental Assessment for Additional Site Assessment Activities on Beacon Wind, LLC’s Renewable Energy Lease OCS-A 0527 | Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | ||
| Offshore Wind Facts Deeper Dive: Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) and Offshore Wind | Special Initiative on Offshore Wind | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | |
| Offshore Wind Facts: Coastal and Marine Habitats | Special Initiative on Offshore Wind | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport | |
| Offshore Wind Facts: Fish and Invertebrates | Special Initiative on Offshore Wind | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2023 | Magnus, D. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike | Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality | |
| What are the potential effects of offshore wind farms on coastal fish and their essential habitats? | Henry, S.; Couturier, L.; Darnaude, A.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish | |
| Deepwater Atlantic Habitats II: Continued Atlantic Research and Exploration in Deepwater Ecosystems with Focus on Coral, Canyon, and Seep Communities | Cordes, E.; Demopoulos, A.; Bernard, B.; et al. | Report | Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality | |||
| New England Wind Final Environmental Impact Statement (Final EIS) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise | Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
| A Wind Energy Area Siting Analysis For The Oregon Call Areas | Carlton, J. ; Jossart, J.; Pendleton, F.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Bats, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Sea Turtles, Fisheries | ||
| Supporting National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Energy Development Related to Electromagnetic Frequencies from Buried Transmission Cables | Middleton, P.; Barnhart, B. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Terrestrial Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
| NextWind: Advancing Wind Energy Technology Using Real-Time Monitoring Systems in a Digital Twin Application | Siddiqi, K.; Kramer, S.; Schneider, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change | Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data | |
| Bilan annuel 2023 des études environnementales sur le parc éolien en mer de Saint-Nazaire | Parc eolien en mer de St Nazaire | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Bats, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
| Potential Impacts of Offshore Wind on the Marine Ecosystem and Associated Species: Background and Issues for Congress | Keating-Bitoni, C.; Marshak, A.; Comay, L.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Bats, Birds, Fish, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
| Diadromous Fish in the Context of Offshore Wind – Review of Current Knowledge & Future Research | Honkanen, H.; Moore, I.; Roger, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy | Fish | ||
| Quick scan of cumulative impacts on the North Sea biodiversity: with a focus on selected species in relation to future developments in offshore wind energy | Jongbloed, R.; Tamis, J.; van der Wal, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Human Dimensions | ||
| Assessing fish ecology around OWFs using eDNA | Elliot, M.; Dickens, S.; Robbins, J.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish | ||
| Impact of geophysical and geotechnical site investigation surveys on fish and shellfish | Duffy, O.; Chumbinho, R.; Coca, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Noise | Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
| Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part B) | Odinga, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals | |
| Ornithological and Marine Fauna Aerial Digital Survey: First Annual Report | Normandeau Associates Inc | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles | ||
| Maryland Offshore Wind Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) | BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs | Report | Wind Energy | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | ||
| Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part C) | Quee, N. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind | Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change | Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals | |
| Vision paper: Decommissioning offshore windparks in the Belgian part of the North Sea | Van Maele, T.; Desplenter, N.; Van Aken, I.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions | |
| Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: Discussion Paper on the Challenges and Potential Opportunities Around the Colocation of Offshore Wind Energy with Marine Protected Areas | Stephenson, P. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Noise | Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning | |
| Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II E1 - Essential Fish Habitat Assessment | TRC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Fish | ||
| Annual environmental report 2022 – Belwind | Belwind | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Habitat Change | Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment | |
| EDEN 2000: Exploring Options For A Nature-Proof Development of Offshore Wind Farms Inside A Natura 2000 Area | Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Vanaverbeke, J. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries | |
| Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology | Murray, L.; Bloomfield, H.; Skates, L. | Report | Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind | Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment | ||
| What are the potential effects of the electromagnetic fields produced by offshore wind farm power cables on marine organisms? | Henry, S.; Carlier, A.; Chauvaud, S.; et al. | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind | EMF | Fish, Invertebrates | |
| Maryland Offshore Wind Project: Offshore Electric and Magnetic Field Assessment | Exponent Inc. | Report | Wind Energy | EMF | Fish, Marine Mammals | |
| Developing Essential Fish Habitat maps for fish and shellfish species in Scotland Report | McAllan, M.; Gray, N.; Berge, K.; et al. | Report | Fish, Physical Environment | |||
| Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS | Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC | Report | Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind | Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement | Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts | |
| Parc Éolien en Mer de Saint-Nazaire Banc de Guérande: Suivi halieutique en phase de construction | Hacquebart, P.; Couraud, L. | Report | Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind | Displacement, Habitat Change | Fish, Physical Environment |
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