Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind and marine renewable energy, supporting the OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.

Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Guardians of the seabed: Nature-inclusive design of scour protection in offshore wind farms enhances benthic diversity Kingma, E.; ter Hofstede, R.; Kardinaal, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Reef-building species and biogenic reef enhancement in the Dutch North Sea Sas, H.; van Duren, L.; Herman, P.; et al. Report Habitat Change Invertebrates
Eco-friendly reef restoration pilots in offshore wind farms Bos, O.; Kamermans, P.; Tonk, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Current state of knowledge Electromagnetic fields: Electromagnetic fields and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive Descriptor 11 Energy Hermans, A.; Schilt, B. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Prinses Amalia Windturbine park 2022 Leewis, L.; Klink, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Generalized changes of benthic communities after construction of wind farms in the southern North Sea Coolen, J.; Vanaverbeke, J.; Dannheim, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Environmental Impact Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment for a Deep Water Floating Offshore Wind Turbine on the Brazilian Continental Shelf de Paula, L.; Carmo, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Life Cycle Assessment
Offshore wind farms contribute to epibenthic biodiversity in the North Sea ter Hofstede, R.; Driessen, F.; Elzinga, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Suitability for the development of flat oyster populations in new offshore wind farm zones and two search areas for restoration projects in the Dutch section of the North Sea Duren, L.; Kamermans, P.; Kleissen, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Optimizing Shellfish Aquaculture for Multi-Use Spaces Within Offshore Wind Farms in the Dutch North Sea Paulson, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Vibrational noise from wind energy-turbines negatively impacts earthworm abundance Velilla, E.; Collinson, E.; Bellato, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Invertebrates
Fish assemblages of three common artificial reef designs during early colonization Hylkema, A.; Debrot, A.; Osinga, R.; et al. Journal Article Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Nature-Inclusive Design: A Catalogue for Offshore Wind Infrastructure Hermans, A.; Bos, O.; Prusina, I. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine stepping‐stones: Connectivity of Mytilus edulis populations between offshore energy installations Coolen, J.; Boon, A.; Crooijmans, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms Bureau Waardenburg bv Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Ecological impact of decommissioning offshore wind farms Teunis, M.; Collier, M.; Bakker, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Oil and gas platforms as artificial substrates for epibenthic North Sea fauna: Effects of location and depth Schutter, M.; Dorenbosch, M.; Driessen, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Ecology of the brown crab (Cancer pagurus) and production potential for passive fisheries in Dutch offshore windfarms Tonk, L.; Rozemeijer, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Offshore flat oyster pilot Luchterduinen wind farm: Results campaign 2 (July 2019) and lessons learned Didderen, K.; Bergsma, J.; Kamermans, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Low genetic connectivity in a fouling amphipod among man-made structures in the southern North Sea Luttikhuizen, P.; Beermann, J.; Crooijmans, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Upscaling positive effects of scour protection in offshore wind farms Coolen, J.; Lengkeek, W.; van der Have, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Offshore Wind Farms as Potential Locations for Flat Oyster (Ostrea edulis) Restoration in the Dutch North Sea Kamermans, P.; Walles, B.; Kraan, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Benthic biodiversity on old platforms, young wind farms, and rocky reefs Coolen, J.; van der Weide, B.; Cuperus, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Benthic development in and around offshore wind farm Prinses Amalia Wind Park near the Dutch coastal zone before and after construction (2003-2017) Leewis, L.; Klink, A.; Verduin, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Storm effects on intertidal invertebrates: increased beta diversity of few individuals and species Corte, G.; Schlacher, T.; Checon, H.; et al. Journal Article Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Macrobenthos in offshore wind farms: a review of research, results and relevance for future developments Jak, R.; Glorius, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Potential effects of electromagnetic fields in the Dutch North Sea Phase 1: Desk Study Snoek, R.; Swart, R.; Didderen, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Marine Fouling Assemblages on Offshore Gas Platforms in the Southern North Sea: Effects of Depth and Distance from Shore on Biodiversity van der Stap, T.; Coolen, J.; Lindeboom, H. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates
The Development of Benthic Communities on Hard Substrates within OWEZ, the First Dutch Offshore Wind Farm Noordzee Wind Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Benthic Communities on Hard Substrates of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee (OWEZ) Bouma, S.; Lengkeek, W. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Impact of Windfarm OWEZ on the Local Macrobenthos Community Daan, R.; Mulder, M.; Bergman, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates

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