United States of America

United States of America (USA) is located in North America, covers 9,833,517 km2 (3,796,742 mile2) of land surface, and has a population of 333 million people (UN data, 2021). The USA’s primary energy production is 25,245 terawatt-hours (TWh), and energy supply per capita is 79 MWh (UN data, 2021). Oil is the largest source of energy consumed, accounting for 38% of the national total (Our World in Data, 2023). The USA is home to 1,841 threatened species (UN data, 2021).

The USA is currently a member of Ocean Energy Systems, participating in OES-Environmental. The USA had 2 policy and 6 project highlights in the 2023 OES Annual Report.

The USA is currently a member of IEA Wind, participating in WREN. The USA had a total installed wind power capacity of 144.2 GW by the end of 2022, an increase of 8.30 GW from the year before (IEA-Wind 2022 Annual Report).

Affiliated Marine and Wind Energy Environmental Documents

Total results: 2250
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Bat Fatality Monitoring Report for the Pigeon Creek Wind Turbine Dewitt, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Kaneohe Wave Energy Test Site: Sub-Bottom Profiler Survey Sea Engineering Inc Report Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Physical Environment
Cimarron Wind Energy Project - Phase 1: Final Environmental Assessment Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Development by Design: Mitigating Wind Development's Impacts on Wildlife in Kansas Obermeyer, B., Manes, R., Kiesecker, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions
Kaneohe Wave Energy Test Site: Multibeam Bathymetry Survey Sea Engineering Inc Report Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Physical Environment
Patterns of Pre-Construction Bat Acoustic Activity at the Proposed Resolute Wind Energy Project, Wyoming, 2009-2010 Hein, C., Schirmacher, M., Arnett, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Investigating the Causes of Death for Wind Turbine-Associated Bat Fatalities Grodsky, S., Behr, M., Gendler, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Offshore Renewable Energy Regulatory Primer Showalter, S., Bowling, T. Report Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Policy Guide Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Report Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
State of the Science: An Assessment of Research on the Ecological Impacts of Wind Energy in the Great Lakes Region Hinderer, J., Pebbles, V., Pearson, B. Workshop Article Wind Energy Ecosystem Processes
Marine Ecological Assessment of Proposed Wave Energy Project Area Offshore Marine Corps Base Hawaii Smith, S. Report Marine Energy, Wave Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Physical and Biological Modeling of a 100 Megawatt Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Discharge Plume Rocheleau, G., Grandelli, P. Conference Paper Marine Energy, OTEC Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Environmental Assessment for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion in Hawaii Comfort, C., Vega, L. Conference Paper Marine Energy, OTEC Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
The California Ocean Uses Atlas Marine Conservation Biology Institute, NOAA's Marine Protected Areas Center Website Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Underwater Noise Measurements of a 1/7th Scale Wave Energy Converter Bassett, C., Thompson, J., Polagye, B. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wave Noise
Environmental Science Panel for Marbled Murrelet Underwater Noise Injury Threshold Science Applications International Corporation Report Noise Birds, Seabirds
Developing Capabilities for Tidal Hydrokinetic Blade Strike Monitoring Polagye, B., Kramer, S., Parker-Stetter, S. Presentation Marine Energy, Tidal Collision
The Hawaii Coastal Use Mapping Project National Marine Protected Areas Center Website Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Underwater Mach Wave Radiation from Impact Pile Driving: Theory and Observation Reinhall, P., Dahl, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Final Environmental Assessment of Maine's Deepwater Offshore Floating Wind Turbine Testing and Demonstration Project US Department of Energy (DOE) Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Ecology of Fishes in a High-Latitude, Turbid River with Implications for the Impacts of Hydrokinetic Devices Seitz, A., Moerlain, K., Evans, M. Journal Article Riverine, Marine Energy Fish
Effects Of Tidal Turbine Noise On Fish Hearing And Tissues Halvorsen, M., Carlson, T., Copping, A. Report Tidal, Marine Energy Noise Pelagic Fish, Fish
GIS-based wind farm site selection using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA): Evaluating the case for New York State van Haaren, R., Fthenakis, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
The New Hampshire and Southern Maine Ocean Uses Atlas National Marine Protected Areas Center Website Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Assessing Bird and Bat Mortality at the Forward Energy Center Grodsky, S., Drake, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Development of a Geographic Information System-Based Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Windfarm Sitings in Great Lakes Aquatic Habitats Wehrly, K., Rutherford, E., Wang, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Experimental Investigation of Helical Cross-Flow Axis Hydrokinetic Turbines, Including Effects of Waves and Turbulance Bachant, P., Wosnik, M. Conference Paper Marine Energy
Joint Fact Finding and Stakeholder Consensus Building at the Altamont Wind Resource Area in California Bartlett, G. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds
Consistency Conflicts and Federalism Choice: Marine Spatial Planning Beyond the States' Territorial Seas Burger, M. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Integration and Validation of Avian Radars (IVAR) Brand, M., Key, G., Nohara, T. Report Wind Energy Bats, Birds
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Characterization Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Turtles and Culverts, and Alternative Energy Development: An Unreported but Potentially Significant Mortality Threat to the Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) Lovich, J., Ennen, J., Madrak, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Entanglement Reptiles
Mississippi River Projects Free Flow Power Project Site Marine Energy, Riverine
Effects of wind energy production on growth, demography, and survivorship of a desert tortoise population in Southern California with comparisons to natural populations Lovich, J., Ennen, J., Madrak, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Reptiles
Comprehensive Guide to Studying Wind Energy Wildlife Interactions Strickland, D., Arnett, E., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Stakeholder Priorities in Wind Energy Lantz, E. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Impact of Tidal Stream Turbines on Sand Bank Dynamics Neill, S., Jordan, J., Couch, S. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Risks to Birds and Wildlife from Offshore Wind Farms: BOEMRE NC Task Force Peterson, C. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Estimation of the Risks of Collision or Strike to Freshwater Aquatic Organisms Resulting from Operation of Instream Hydrokinetic Turbines Schweizer, P., Cada, G., Bevelhimer, M. Report Riverine, Marine Energy Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Fish
Avian, Bat and Habitat Cumulative Impacts Associated with Wind Energy Development in the Columbia Plateau Ecoregion Of Eastern Washington and Oregon 2011 Johnson, G., Erickson, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Raptors
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