Short Science Summary: Harbor Porpoises and Offshore Wind Energy

Harbor Porpoise

Harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) are a small and abundant cetacean species. Found throughout the temperate and subarctic waters of the northern hemisphere, they prefer shallow, coastal waters, and feed near the bottom on small fish, squid, and crustaceans. Most concerns about offshore wind energy and Harbor porpoises are associated with construction activities, particularly if pile driving is required to install turbine foundations. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
A deep learning model for detecting and classifying multiple marine mammal species from passive acoustic data Hamard, Q., Pham, M-T., Cazau, D., Heerah, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Methodology for Combining Digital Aerial Survey Data and Passive Acoustic Baseline Data Harris, D., Chudzinska, M., Jacobson, E., Brown, A., Burt, L., Macleod, K., Marques, T., Marshall, L., Oedekoven, C., Scott-Hayward, L., Thomas, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Displacement Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Analysis of the effects on harbour porpoises from the underwater sound during the construction of the Borssele and Gemini offshore wind farms de Jong, C., Lam, F., von Benda-Beckmann, A., Oud, T., Geelhoed, S., Vallina, T., Wilkes, T., Brinkkemper, J., Snoek, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Adapting the iPCoD Framework for Harbour Porpoises to Utilise a Dynamic Energy Budget Model in Modelling the Effects of Disturbance – Final Report Harwood, J., Chudzinska, M., Hin, V., Wilder, F., Marwood, E., Booth, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Harbour porpoise responses to the installation of XXL monopiles without noise abatement; implications for noise management in the Southern North Sea Benhemma-Le Gall, A., Hastie, G., Brown, A., Booth, C., Graham, I.M., Fernandez-Betelu, O., Iorio-Merlo, V., Bashford, R., Swanson, H., Cheney, B.J., Abad Oliva, N., Thompson, P.M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Observations of harbour porpoises in offshore wind farms Final report Leemans, J., Fijn, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Progressive Insights in Changing Species Distribution Patterns Informing Marine Management Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B., Vigin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
How bubble curtains protect porpoises from wind farm noise Hardach, S. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Vessel noise prior to pile driving at offshore windfarm sites deters harbour porpoises from potential injury zones Gall, A., Thompson, P., Merchant, N., Graham, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Acoustic ecology of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) between two U.S. offshore wind energy areas Holdman, A., Tregenza, N., Van Parijs, S., DeAngelis, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Establishing baselines for predicting change in ambient sound metrics, marine mammal, and vessel occurrence within a US offshore wind energy area Van Parijs, S., DeAngelis, A., Aldrich, T., Gordon, R., Holdman, A., McCordic, J., Mouy, X., Rowell, T., Tennant, S., Westell, A., Davis, G. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Indo-Pacific finless porpoises presence in response to pile driving on the Jinwan Offshore Wind Farm, China Fang, L., Li, M., Wang, X., Chen, Y., Chen, T. Journal Article Wind Energy Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Offshore construction using gravity-base foundations indicates no long-term impacts on dolphins and harbour porpoise Potlock, K., Temple, A., Berggren, P. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Response of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) to different types of acoustic harassment devices and subsequent piling during the construction of offshore wind farms Voß, J., Rose, A., Kosarev, V., Vilela, R., van Opzeeland, I., Diederichs, A. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Directional hydrophone clusters reveal evasive responses of small cetaceans to disturbance during construction at offshore windfarms Graham, I., Gillespie, D., Gkikopoulou, K., Hastie, G., Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Getting ready for offshore wind farm expansion in the North Sea Degraer, S., Brabant, R., Rumes, B., Vigin, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Reef effect of offshore structures on the occurrence and foraging activity of harbour porpoises Fernandez-Betelu, O., Graham, I., Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Comparing distribution of harbour porpoise using generalized additive models and hierarchical Bayesian models with integrated nested laplace approximation Williamson, L., Scott, B., Laxton, M., Illian, J., Todd, V., Miller, P., Brookes, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Masking release at 4 kHz in harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) associated with sinusoidal amplitude-modulated masking noise Kastelein, R., Helder-Hoek, L., Covi, J., Terhune, J., Klump, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Underwater sound measurements During the installation of the Borssele OWF Brinkkemper, J., Geelhoed, S., Berges, B., Noort, C., Nieuwendijk, D., Verdaat, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Broad-Scale Responses of Harbor Porpoises to Pile-Driving and Vessel Activities During Offshore Windfarm Construction Benhemma-Le Gall, A., Graham, I., Merchant, N., Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions
Agent-based models to investigate sound impact on marine animals: bridging the gap between effects on individual behaviour and population level consequences Mortensen, L., Chudzinska, M., Slabbekoorn, H., Thomsen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Response of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena L., 1758) to the FaunaGuard and subsequent piling during the construction of offshore wind farms Voß, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Balancing risks of injury and disturbance to marine mammals when pile driving at offshore windfarms Thompson, P., Graham, I., Cheney, B., Barton, T., Farcas, A, Merchant, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Review Of Demographic Parameters And Sensitivity Analysis To Inform Inputs And Outputs Of Population Consequences Of Disturbance Assessments For Marine Mammals Sinclair, R., Sparling, C., Harwood, J. Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Effects of multiple exposures to pile driving noise on harbor porpoise hearing during simulated flights—An evaluation tool Schaffeld, T., Schnitzler, J., Ruser, A., Woelfing, B., Baltzer, J., Siebert, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Reaction to a 3D Seismic Airgun Survey in the North Sea Sarnocinska, J., Teilmann, J., Balle, J., van Beest, F., Delefosse, M., Tougaard, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The use of seal scarers as a protective mitigation measure can induce hearing impairment in harbour porpoises Schaffeld, T., Ruser, A., Woelfing, B., Baltzer, J., Kristensen, H., Larsson, J., Schnitzler, J., Siebert, U. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Feasibility of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) network for Harbour Porpoises on the Dutch Continental Shelf Scheidat, M., Geelhoed, S., Noort, C. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Effect of Pile-Driving Playback Sound Level on Fish-Catching Efficiency in Harbor Porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) Kastelein, R., Huijser, L., Cornelisse, S., Helder-Hoek, L., Jennings, N., de Jong, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time Graham, I., Merchant, N., Farcas, A., Barton, T., Cheney, B., Bono, S., Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Quantifying harbour porpoise foraging behaviour in CPOD data: identification, automatic detection and potential application Berges, B., Geelhoed, S., Scheidat, M., Tougaard, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Effects of noise-mitigated offshore pile driving on harbour porpoise abundance in the German Bight 2014-2016 (Gescha 2) Rose, A., Brandt, M., Vilela, R., Diederichs, A., Schubert, A., Kosarev, V., Nehls, G., Volkenandt, M., Wahl, V., Michalik, A., Wendeln, H., Freund, A., Ketzer, C., Limmer, B., Laczny, M., Piper, W. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Effect of impact pile driving noise on marine mammals: A comparison of different noise exposure criteria Stober, U., Thomsen, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P2: Animal Exposure Modelling Denes, S., Weirathmueller, M., Zeddies, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects 3.0 for the roll-out of offshore wind energy 2030 Sub-report A: Methods Rijkswaterstaat Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Retrospective and Outlook for an Environmentally Sound Development of Offshore Wind Energy Lüdeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects - 2018 Cumulative effects of offshore wind farm construction on harbour porpoises Heinis, F., de Jong, C., von Benda-Beckmann, S., Binnerts, B. Report Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Wozep underwater sound: frequency sensitivity of porpoises and seals de Jong, C., von Benda-Beckmann, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Effects of larger turbines for the offshore wind farm at Krieger's Flak, Sweden. Assessment of impact on marine mammals Tougaard, J., Mikaelsen, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
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