Abstract
Marine mammal abundance and distribution data form an important part of assessments to estimate the potential effects of proposed offshore wind developments. Therefore, there is a need to ensure that abundance and distribution data are collected and analysed to ensure robust estimates to inform the planning, consenting and licensing processes. There are several sources of information that can contribute to estimating the abundance and distribution of marine mammals. Digital aerial surveys (DAS) and static passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) are two data collection modes, which have been developed relatively recently, compared to standard visual aerial and ship-based surveys used within the UK. Both digital aerial and static PAM surveys can collect data on fine temporal and spatial scales, though they have their strengths and limitations. Aerial surveys typically provide better spatial survey coverage than static acoustic recorders, while acoustic recorders generally provide improved temporal coverage. The overarching goals of this project were to: (1) produce a modelling framework integrating DAS and PAM data; (2) produce a test case study on harbour porpoise to validate the methods; and (3) provide recommendations on standards for static PAM and DAS data collection.