Short Science Summary: Bat Interactions with Land-Based Wind Energy: A European and North American Perspective

Hoary Bat

Estimates of fatality indicate hundreds of thousands of bats are killed annually at wind turbines both in Europe and North America. Given bats are long-lived and typically only have 1 to 2 pups per year, existing fatality rates may not be sustainable for certain species. Recent studies indicate population-level declines are possible, particularly given the anticipated growth of wind energy development. This summary represents a general overview of the research, produced by WREN under IEA Wind.

The table below contains the literature relevant to this summary document and will continue to be updated as new literature is added to Tethys.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Proceedings of the NWCC Wildlife Workgroup Research Planning Meeting VI Schwartz, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
Post-construction monitoring report for avian and bat mortality at the NPPD Ainsworth Wind Farm Derby, C., Dahl, A., Erickson, W., Bay, K., Hoban, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Protocol for Investigating Displacement Effects of Wind Facilities on Grassland Songbirds Erickson, W., Strickland, D., Shaffer, J., Johnson, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement Passerines, Birds, Bats
Summer-Fall 2006 Bat Detector Survey and Two-year Summary at the Proposed Deerfield Wind Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Spring 2006 Bird and Bat Migration Surveys at the Proposed Deerfield Wind Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
A Preliminary Evaluation on the Use of Dogs to Recover Bat Fatalities at Wind Energy Facilities Arnett, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Summer 2006 Indiana Bat Surveys at the Proposed Clayton Wind Project in Clayton, New York Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
The impact of repowering of wind farms on birds and bats Hötker, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Monitoring of Bird and Bat Collisions with Wind Turbines at the Summerview Wind Power Project, Alberta 2005-2006 Brown, W., Hamilton, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Preliminary Field Test Results of an Acoustic Deterrent with the Potential to Reduce Bat Mortality from Wind Turbines Szewczak, J., Arnett, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Patterns of Pre-Construction Bat Activity at a Proposed Wind Facility in South-Central Pennsylvania Arnett, E., Hayes, J., Huso, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Bird and Bat Migration over Appalachian Ridges Progress Report, August 2006 Dawson, D., Jones, T., Mabey, S., Mizrahi, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Patterns of Pre-Construction Bat Activity Determined Using Acoustic Monitoring at a Proposed Wind Facility in South-Central Wisconsin Redell, D., Arnett, E., Hayes, J., Huso, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats
Bird and Bat Interactions With Wind Turbines Castle River Wind Farm, Alberta, 2001-2002 Brown, W., Hamilton, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Bird and Bat Species and Risks to Diurnal Migrants on the Clipper Windpower Criterion Project, Backbone Mountain, Garrett County, Maryland Gates, J., Kerns, J., Lott, K., Johnson, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Ultrasound Emissions from Wind Turbines as a Potential Attractant to Bats: A Preliminary Investigation Szewczak, J., Arnett, E. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Diablo Winds Wildlife Monitoring Progress Report, March 2005 - February 2006 Western Ecosystems Technology Inc (WEST) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Post-Construction Avian and Bat Fatality Monitoring Study for the High Winds Wind Power Project Solano County, California: Two Year Report Kerlinger, P., Curry, R., Culp, L., Jain, A., Wilkerson, C., Fischer, B., Hasch, A. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Terrestrial Mammals, Raptors, Birds, Bats
Survey of Possible Operational Impacts on Bats by Wind Facilities in Southern Germany Brinkmann, R., Schauer-Weisshahn, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Monitoring the Potential Impact of A Wind Development Site on Bats in the Northeast Reynolds, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Kaheawa Pastures Wind Energy Generation Facility: Habitat Conservation Plan Kaheawa Wind Power Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Comprehensive Renewable Energy Feasibility Study for Sealaska Corporation: Report September 2002 through December 2005 Lynette, R. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
A Fall 2005 Radar, Visual, and Acoustic Survey of Bird and Bat Migration at the Proposed Clayton Wind Project: Draft Report Woodlot Alternatives Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Raptors
A Fall 2005 Radar and Acoustic Survey of Bird and Bat Migration at the Proposed Deerfield Wind Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
A Spring 2005 Radar, Visual, and Acoustic Survey of Bird and Bat Migration at the Proposed Deerfield Wind Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Roy, R., Pelletier, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Battered by harsh winds - must bats pay the price for wind energy? Tuttle, M. Magazine Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Attraction Bats
Birds and Bats: Potential Impacts and Survey Techniques Global Energy Concepts Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Avian and Bat Studies for the Proposed Dairy Hills Wind Project, Wyoming County, New York Young, D. Jr., Nations, C., Poulton, V., Kerns, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Raptors
A Conservation Plan for Bats in Wyoming Hester, S., Grenier, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
A Spring 2005 Radar, Visual, and Acoustic Survey of Bird and Bat Migration at the Proposed Clayton Wind Project in Clayton, New York Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Raptors, Waterfowl
Impacts on Wildlife and Government Responsibilities for Regulating Development and Protecting Wildlife Office, United States Government Accountability Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions, Birds, Bats
Avian Monitoring and Risk Assessment at the San Gorgonio Wind Resource Area Anderson, R., Tom, J., Neumann, N., Erickson, W., Strickland, M., Bourassa, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Seabirds, Raptors, Passerines, Birds, Bats
Relationships between Bats and Wind Turbines in Pennsylvania and West Virginia: An Assessment of Fatality Search Protocols, Patterns of Fatality, and Behavioral Interactions with Wind Turbines Arnett, E., Erickson, W., Kerns, J., Horn, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Searsburg Wind Tower Expansion Project Bat Habitat Assessment and Mapping Final Report Prepared Arrowwood Environmental Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Report of the Intersessional Working Group on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations Rodrigues, L., Harbusch, C., Smith, L., Bach, L., Catto, C., Lutsar, L., Ivanova, T., Hutson, T., Dubourg-Savage, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Fall 2004 Avian Migration Surveys at the Proposed Deerfield Wind/Searsburg Expansion Project in Searsburg and Readsboro, Vermont Roy, R., Pelletier, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds, Bats
Proceedings of the Onshore Wildlife Interactions with Wind Developments: Research Meeting V Schwartz, S. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds
A Radar and Visual Study of Nocturnal Bird and Bat Migration at the Proposed Flat Rock Wind Power Project, New York, Fall 2004 Mabee, T., Plissner, J., Cooper, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Passerines
Melancthon Grey Wind Project Environmental Screening Report Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Advancing Migratory Bird Conservation and Management by Using Radar: An Interagency Collaboration Ruth, J., Barrow, W., Sojda,R., Dawson, D., Diehl, R., Manville, A., Green, M., Krueper, D., Johnston, S. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions
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