Abstract
The OES-Environmental 2020 State of the Science Report, which serves as a complement and update to the Annex IV 2016 State of the Science Report, is now available on Tethys, along with an updated Executive Summary, 13 new Short Science Summaries, and various supplementary materials.
Annex IV focuses on environmental effects of marine renewable energy development, primarily from waves and tides, under the Ocean Energy Systems (OES), a collaboration of 23 nations brought together under the International Energy Agency. Under OES, countries focus on research, development, and demonstration of energy conversion technologies from all forms of ocean renewable resources. Annex IV is led by the US and involves thirteen nations, spanning five continents. For more information on OES and the Annex IV initiative please visit https://tethys.pnnl.gov/about-annex-iv.
The 2016 Annex IV State of the Science report was written for government regulators, policy makers, resource managers, marine renewable energy developers, researchers, and stakeholders. The full report consists of 10 chapters spanning over 200 pages. The Executive Summary provides a broad overview of the material in the full report. The one page summaries provide highlights of eight key technical issues.
Download the Full Report
- Download the Full Report (Low Resolution: 10MB)
- Download the Full Report (Medium Resolution: 23MB)
- Download the Full Report (Print Resolution: 50MB)
Executive Summary
- Download the Executive Summary (in English; translations into other Annex IV national languages are available below)
Short Science Summaries
- Collision Risk
- Underwater Noise
- Physical Systems
- Electromagnetic Fields
- Habitat Changes and Reefing Patterns
- Marine Spatial Planning
- Permitting/Consenting Case Studies
- Path Forward