Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Applying bioacoustic methods for long-term monitoring of a nocturnal wetland bird Frommolt, K.; Tauchert, K. Journal Article Birds
Variation of ocean acoustic environments along the western North Atlantic coast: A case study in context of the right whale migration route Rice, A.; Tielens, J.; Estabrook, B.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Land-Based Wind Energy and the Environment: Potential Impacts for Wildlife and the West Michigan Landscape Gajewsk, B.; Schoolmaster, C.; VanderMolen, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind
Statistical Modelling of Seabird and Cetacean Data: Literature Review Oedekoven, C.; Mackenzie, L.; Scott-Hayward, L.; et al. Report Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Birds
Coordination and Cooperation in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the US National Ocean Policy Maier, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Identifying Space for Offshore Wind Energy in the North Sea. Consequences of Scenario Calculations for Interactions with Other Marine Uses Jongbloed, R.; van der Wal, J.; Lindeboom, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Use of Population Viability Analysis (PVA) to Assess the Potential for Long Term Impacts from Piling Noise on Marine Mammal Populations - A Case Study from the Scottish East Coast De Silva, R.; Grellier, K.; Lye, G.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Integrating Aerial and Ship Surveys of Marine Birds into a Combined Density Surface Model: A Case Study of Wintering Common Loons Winiarski, K.; Burt, M.; Rexstad, E.; et al. Journal Article Birds
Policies and Measures for Protected Species in Wind Energy: An Assessment Between the U.S. and Germany Gartman, V. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Final Site-Wide Environmental Assessment Department of Energy's National Wind Technology Center Golden, Colorado at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Hatchet Ridge Wind Farm Post-Construction Mortality Monitoring Comprehensive Three Year Report Tetra Tech Inc. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Monitoreo de aves y murciélagos en la zona potencial para el desarrollo de un parque eólico en el área de Hipólito, General Cepeda, Coahuila Guzmán-Velasco, A.; González-Rojas, J. I.; Ruvalcaba-Ortega, I.; et al. Report Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
California Current Cetacean & Ecosystem Assessment Survey (CalCurCEAS): Final Report to Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Regarding Surveys of Windfloat and Wave Energy Areas Barlow, J.; Henry, A.; Ballance, L. Report Wind Energy, Wave, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes, Cetaceans
Environmental risk evaluation system—an approach to ranking risk of ocean energy development on coastal and estuarine environments Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Van Cleve, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Report of the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria Lucke, K.; Winter, E.; Lam, F.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Using Deuterium and GARP To Estimate Geographic Extents of Source Populations of Hoary (Lasiurus cinereus) and Eastern Red (Lasiurus borealis) Bats Killed at a Central Illinois Wind Facility Van Essen, R. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Applying Value Sensitive Design (VSD) to Wind Turbines and Wind Parks: An Exploration Oosterlaken, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Regulatory Framework and Guidelines US Department of the Interior Website Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Design and Initial Component Tests of an Integrated Avian and Bat Collision Detection System for Offshore Wind Turbines Flowers, J.; Albertani, R.; Harrison, T.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
200 kHz Commercial Sonar Systems Generate Lower Frequency Side Lobes Audible to Some Marine Mammals Deng, Z.; Southall, B.; Carlson, T.; et al. Journal Article Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Energy, emissions and environmental impact analysis of wind turbine using life cycle assessment technique Uddin, M.; Kumar, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Report on the Implications for European Sites Proposed Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
A Modelling Approach to Infer the Effects of Wind Farms on Landscape Connectivity for Bats Roscioni, F.; Rebelo, H.; Russo, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats
Seasonal Bat Activity in Relation to Distance to Hedgerows in an Agricultural Landscape in Central Europe and Implications for Wind Energy Development Kelm, D.; Lenski, J.; Kelm, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Report of the IWG on Wind Turbines and Bat Populations 2014 Rodrigues, L. Report Wind Energy Collision Bats
Environmental aspects of designing multi-purpose offshore platforms in the scope of the FP7 TROPOS Project Lu, S.; Yu, J.; Golmen, L.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Field Testing of Multiple Sensors in an Underwater Environment Monitoring System Chan, H.; Liao, Y.; Fang, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Vessel Strikes to Large Whales Before and After the 2008 Ship Strike Rule van der Hoop, J.; Vanderlaan, A.; Cole, T.; et al. Journal Article Collision Marine Mammals
Turbid Wakes Associated with Offshore Wind Turbines Observed with Landsat 8 Vanhellemont, Q.; Ruddick, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Sediment Transport, Physical Environment
Review of Environmental Data Associated with Post-Consent Monitoring of Licence Conditions of Offshore Wind Farms Marine Management Organisation (MMO) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Short-Term Impacts of Wind Energy Development on Greater Sage-Grouse Fitness LeBeau, C.; Beck, J.; Johnson, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
Black Bears (Ursus americanus) as a Novel Potential Predator of Agassiz's Desert Tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) at a California Wind Energy Facility Lovich, J.; Delaney, D.; Briggs, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals, Reptiles
East Inshore and East Offshore Marine Plans Marine Management Organisation (MMO) Report Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Enrichment and Shifts in Macrobenthic Assemblages in an Offshore Wind Farm Area in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Coates, D.; Deschutter, Y.; Vincx, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates
Establishing an Agenda for Social Studies Research in Marine Renewable Energy Kerr, S.; Watt, L.; Colton, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Large Eddy Simulation Studies of the Effects of Alignment and Wind Farm Length Stevens, R.; Gayme, D.; Meneveau, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Status of Marine Mammals in Korea Song, K. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Life cycle assessment of an offshore grid interconnecting wind farms and customers across the North Sea Arvesen, A.; Nes, R.; Huertas-Hernando, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Navitus Bay Wind Park Environmental Statement: Non-Technical Summary Navitus Bay Development Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Navitus Bay Wind Park Technical Appendix 2.1 - EMF Calculations Report Dorey, P. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF
Integration of marine research results into a maritime spatial plan for Lithuania Mileriene, R.; Blažauskas, N.; Gulbinskas, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
On a Hybrid Model for the Prediction of Pile Driving Noise from Offshore Wind Farms Lippert, T.; von Estorff, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Wolfe Island Wind Plant Post-Construction Follow-up Plan Bird and Bat Resource Stantec Consulting Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Raptors
Kincardine Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Scoping Assessment Atkins Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
2014 Report on the Entanglement of Marine Species in Marine Debris with an Emphasis on Species in the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Marine Debris Program Report Entanglement Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions
Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning Data Registry National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Website Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
U.S. West Coast Large Whale Entanglement Information Sharing Workshop Report NOAA Fisheries Report Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Good Practice Guide for Underwater Noise Measurement Robinson, S.; Lepper, P.; Hazelwood, R. Report Noise
Experimental Study on Influence of Pitch Motion on the Wake of a Floating Wind Turbine Model Rockel, S.; Camp, E.; Schmidt, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Increased Flight Altitudes among Migrating Golden Eagles Suggest Turbine Avoidance at a Rocky Mountain Wind Installation Johnston, N.; Bradley, J.; Otter, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Raptors

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