Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Marine Protected Areas and Offshore Wind Farms Sanders, N.; Haynes, T.; Goriup, P. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Avoidance Marine Mammals
Measurements of hydro sound emissions during internal jet cutting during monopile decommissioning Hinzmann, N.; Stein, P.; Gattermann, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Greater sage‐grouse male lek counts relative to a wind energy development LeBeau, C.; Beck, J.; Johnson, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ground-Nesting Birds, Birds
Magnetic field discrimination, learning, and memory in the yellow stingray (Urobatis jamaicensis) Newton, K.; Kajiura, S. Journal Article EMF Fish
Climate Change, Wind Energy, and Conservation: A Survey of Conflicting Issues Bauman, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
Development of a Video Trawl Survey System for New England Groundfish DeCelles, G.; Keiley, E.; Lowery, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Distribution, Nesting Activities, and Age-Class of Territorial Pairs of Golden Eagles at the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California, 2014-16 Kolar, P.; Wiens, J. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Community benefits from offshore renewables: The relationship between different understandings of impact, community, and benefit Rudolph, D.; Haggett, C.; Aitken, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Framework for strategic wind farm site prioritisation based on modelled wolf reproduction habitat in Croatia Passoni, G.; Rowcliffe, J.; Whiteman, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Terrestrial Mammals
Use of Small Wind Turbines in Isolated Areas Social Impact Chilan, J.; Pérez, A.; Gamez, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Bat 1: Estimate of bat populations at the southern North Sea - Supporting note to ZDV report no. 2016.031 Migrating bats at the southern North Sea Lagerveld, S.; Limpens, H.; Schillemans, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Reducing Bat Fatalities at Wind Facilities while Improving the Economic Efficiency of Operational Mitigation Martin, C.; Arnett, E.; Stevens, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Review of Methods and Techniques for Field Validation of Collision Rates and Avoidance Amongst Birds and Bats at Offshore Wind Turbines Dirksen, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
Appendix E-1 LimnoTech Report - Results of 2016 Aquatic Sampling LimnoTech Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Interim Report of the Working Group on Marine Benthal and Renewable Energy Developments (WGMBRED) International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Cautions on using the Before-After-Control-Impact design in environmental effects monitoring programs Smokorowski, K.; Randall, R. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Verreauxs' Eagle and Wind Farms: Guidelines for Impact Assessment, Monitoring, and Mitigation BirdLife South Africa Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Norfolk Boreas Offshore Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment Scoping Report Royal Haskoning Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Migrating bats at the southern North Sea: Approach to an estimation of migration populations of bats at the southern North Sea Limpens, H.; Lagerveld, S.; Ahlén, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
The Effects of Sex, Energy, and Environmental Conditions on the Movement Ecology of Migratory Bats Jonassan, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
An Assessment of the Economic Potential of Offshore Wind in the United States from 2015 to 2030 Beiter, P.; Musial, W.; Kilcher, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A New Model for Environmental and Economic Evaluation of Renewable Energy Systems: The Case of Wind Turbines Savino, M.; Manzini, R.; Selva, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Physical Environment, Life Cycle Assessment, Human Dimensions
Sustainable Decommissioning of an Offshore Wind Farm Topham, E.; McMillan, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Maritime Route Delineation using AIS Data from the Atlantic Coast of the US Breithaupt, S.; Copping, A.; Tagestad, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Navigation, Human Dimensions
Comparing Bird And Bat Data For New Wind Power Generation Smallwood, S.; Neher, L. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds
Observing Cable Laying and Particle Settlement During the Construction of the Block Island Wind Farm James, E.; Smith, K.; Gallien, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Characterization of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions from wind electricity generation systems Kadiyala, A.; Kommalapati, R.; Huque, Z. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Life cycle assessment and net energy analysis of offshore wind power systems Huang, Y.; Gan, X.; Chiueh, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Improving Efficiencies of National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Facilities - Case Studies Report English, P.; Mason, T.; Backstrom, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
A Sound Approach to Assessing the Impact of Underwater Noise on Marine Fishes and Invertebrates Hawkins, A.; Popper, A. Journal Article Noise Invertebrates, Fish
Current and Wave Effects around Windfarm Monopile Foundations Miles, J.; Martin, T.; Goddard, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
A modelling framework to predict bat activity patterns on wind farms: An outline of possible applications on mountain ridges of North Portugal Silva, C.; Cabral, J.; Hughes, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Bats
Spoiled darkness? Sense of place and annoyance over obstruction lights from the world’s largest wind turbine test centre in Denmark Rudolph, D.; Kirkegaard, J.; Lyhne, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Lighting Visual Impacts, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Offshore Wind Energy: Good Practice in Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Compensation Lüdeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions
Beatrice Offshore Windfarm - Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar smolt movements survey Newton, M.; Main, R.; Adams, C. Report Wind Energy Displacement Fish
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Fall 2016 Target Extraction Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Telemetry for migratory bats - a feasibility study Lagerveld, S.; Janssen, R.; Manshanden, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats
Quantifying the Demographic Cost of Human-Related Mortality to a Raptor Population Hunt, W.; Wiens, J.; Law, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Raptors, Birds
Impact of wind turbines on bat activity: an ommited long-distance concern Barre, K.; Julliard, R.; Le Viol, I.; et al. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Bats
A balanced solution to the cumulative threat of industrialized wind farm development on cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in south-eastern Europe Vasilakis, D.; Whitfield, D.; Kati, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Red Kites and Wind Farms - Telemetry Data from the Core Breeding Range Hötker, H.; Mammen, K.; Mammen, U.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Collision Passerines, Birds
A Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects (FAECE) of Offshore Wind Farms on Birds, Bats and Marine Mammals in the Southern North Sea Platteeuw, M.; Bakker, J.; van den Bosch, I.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Birds, Bats
Sharing Information on Environmental Effects of Wind Energy Development: WREN Hub Copping, A.; Hanna, L.; Whiting, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy
Future Research Directions to Reconcile Wind Turbine - Wildlife Interactions May, R.; Gill, A.; Köppel, J.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy
Wind Turbines and Birds in Germany - Examples of Current Knowledge, New Insights and Remaining Gaps Reichenbach, M. Book Chapter Wind Energy Birds
Introducing a New Avian Sensitivity Mapping Tool to Support the Siting of Wind Farms and Power Lines in the Middle East and Northeast Africa Allinson, T. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Wind Farms in Areas of High Ornithological Value - Conflicts, Solutions, Challenges: The Case of Thrace, Greece Kafetzis, A.; Kret, E.; Skartsi, D.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Collision Raptors, Birds
The Challenges of Addressing Wildlife Impacts When Repowering Wind Energy Projects Smallwood, K. Book Chapter Wind Energy Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds
Is There a State-of-the-Art to Reduce Pile-Driving Noise? Bellmann, M.; Schuckenbrock, J.; Gündert, S.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Mitigating Bat Mortality with Turbine-Specific Curtailment Algorithms: A Model Based Approach Behr, O.; Brinkmann, R.; Hochradel, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy Collision Bats

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