Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Onshore wind and the likelihood of planning acceptance: Learning from a Great Britain context Harper, M.; Anderson, B.; James, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Wind power development, government regulation structure, and vested interest groups: Analysis based on panel data of Province of China Shen, X.; Lyu, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Social embeddedness of policy actors. The failure of consumer-owned wind energy in Finland Ratinen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Assessment of the Values of Victoria’s Marine Environment Victorian Environmental Assessment Council Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Social construction of risk in non-conventional renewable energy: Risk perception as a function of ecosystem services in La Araucanía, Chile Cordoves-Sánchez, M.; Vallejos-Romero, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Marine Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Three-dimensional mapping of the benthic invertebrates biophony with a compact four-hydrophones array Gervaise, C.; Lossent, J.; Valentini-Poirier, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Attraction Invertebrates
Love me, love me not: Perceptions on the links between the energy sector and biodiversity conservation Moreira, F. Journal Article Wind Energy, Marine Energy Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Impact of pile-driving on Hector's dolphin in Lyttelton Harbour, New Zealand Leunissen, E.; Rayment, W.; Dawson, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
A Framework for Studying the Effects of Offshore Wind Development on Marine Mammals and Turtles Kraus, S.; Kenney, R.; Thomas, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Synthesizing expert opinion to assess the at-sea risks to seabirds in the western North Atlantic Lieske, D.; Tranquilla, L.; Ronconi, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Skookumchuck Wind Energy Project Proposed Habitat Conservation Plan and Incidental Take Permit for Marbled Murrelet, Bald Eagle, and Golden Eagle Lewis and Thurston Counties, Washington: Final Environmental Impact Statement Anchor QEA Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Underwater Acoustic Monitoring Data Analyses for the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island HDR Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix O: Essential Fish Habitat Assessment South Fork Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Hornsea Project Two Offshore Wind Farm Decommissioning Programme Ørsted Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summary of Spring 2019 Digital Survey #12 Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Third Interim Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Construction of the Vineyard Wind Offshore Wind Project National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
PivotBuoy An Advanced System for Cost-effective and Reliable Mooring, Connection, Installation & Operation of Floating Wind D4.1: Test site environmental conditions Oceanic Platform of the Canary Islands (PLOCAN) Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Physical Environment, Water Quality
Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert Xu, K.; He, L.; Hu, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Environmental Sensitivity Modeling and Site Characterization Guttenplan, K.; Koopman, M.; Belin, D. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Combined Exploitation of Offshore Wind and Wave Energy in the Italian Seas: A Spatial Planning Approach Azzellino, A.; Lanfredi, C.; Riefolo, L.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Keeping the Noise Down: Approaches to the Mitigation and Regulation of Human-Caused Ocean Noise Weilgart, L. Book Chapter Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise
Low genetic connectivity in a fouling amphipod among man-made structures in the southern North Sea Luttikhuizen, P.; Beermann, J.; Crooijmans, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Benthic Conservation Features and Species Associated With Subsea Pipelines: Considerations for Decommissioning Rouse, S.; Lacey, N.; Hayes, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Effects of impulsive noise on marine mammals: investigating range‐dependent risk Hastie, G.; Merchant, N.; Götz, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Value of Marine Spatial Planning Towards Advancing Offshore Wind in the U.S. Ryan, K.; Bates, A.; Gopnik, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Stakeholder Engagement, Marine Spatial Planning, Human Dimensions
Multi-use of the sea: A wide array of opportunities from site-specific cases across Europe Bocci, M.; Sangiuliano, S.; Sarretta, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Practical Approaches and Advances in Spatial Tools to Achieve Multi-Objective Marine Spatial Planning Lombard, A.; Ban, N.; Smith, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Toward a Common Understanding of Ocean Multi-Use Schupp, M.; Bocci, M.; Depellegrin, D.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
A smart curtailment approach for reducing bat fatalities and curtailment time at wind energy facilities Hayes, M.; Hooton, L.; Gilland, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
OSPAR request to advise on the current state and knowledge of studies into the deployment and environmental impacts of wet renewable technologies and marine energy storage systems International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Effects of development of wind energy and associated changes in land use on bird densities in upland areas Fernández‐Bellon, D.; Wilson, M.; Irwin, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds
Globalization in the wind energy industry: contribution and economic impact of European companies Lacal-Arántegui, R. Journal Article Wind Energy Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
The implications for visual simulation and analysis of temporal variation in the visibility of wind turbines Bishop, I. Journal Article Wind Energy Visual Impacts, Human Dimensions
Are magnetic and electromagnetic fields of anthropogenic origin potential threats to early life stages of fish? Fey, D.; Jakubowska, M.; Greszkiewicz, M.; et al. Journal Article EMF Pelagic Fish, Fish
Short Science Summary: Bat Interactions with Land-Based Wind Energy: A European and North American Perspective WREN Summary Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Offshore gas production infrastructure reutilisation for blue energy production Sedlar, D.; Vulin, D.; Krajačić, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
An analysis of the state of impact assessment research for low carbon power production: Building a better understanding of information and knowledge gaps Hanna, K.; McGuigan, E.; Noble, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Boat noise affects the early life history of two damselfishes Fakan, E.; McCormick, M. Journal Article Noise Fish
Assessing the cumulative exposure of wildlife to offshore wind energy development Wing Goodale, M.; Milman, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Effects of established offshore wind farms on energy flow of coastal ecosystems: A case study of the Rudong offshore wind farms in China Wang, J.; Zou, X.; Yu, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Monitoring of geese in the territory of Integrated System for Protection of Birds, Winter 2018-2019 Zehtindjiev, P.; Whitfield, D. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Operations at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Elliot, J.; Khan, A.; Lin, Y.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summer 2018 Target Extraction Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy Summer 2018 Taxonomic Analysis Summary Report Normandeau Associates Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind
Bird and Bat Conservation Strategy Deuel Harvest North Wind Farm Deuel County, South Dakota Simon, S.; Welch-Acosta, B. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Birds, Bats
Intergenerational Justice: Promotion of Renewables and the Water Protection Objective Gudas, K.; Weber, S. Book Chapter Human Dimensions, Climate Change, Environmental Justice
Towards an Ecosystem Approach to Assess the Impacts of Marine Renewable Energy Pezy, J.; Raoux, A.; Niquil, N.; et al. Book Chapter Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes

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