Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

As an alternative to the Knowledge Base, check out the Map Viewer to access geotagged content in a spatial view.

Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
An Efficient Model for Offshore Pile Driving Noise Taking Into Account the Hammer Characteristics Klages, E.; Von Pein, J.; Lippert, S.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects – 3.0: Description and assessment of cumulative effects resulting from the implementation of the 2030 Roadmap for Offshore Wind Energy Part C: Summary Rijkswaterstaat Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Wozep WP2: update of the Aquarius models for marine pile driving sound predictions de Jong, C.; Binnerts, B.; Prior, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Noise affects porpoise click detections – the magnitude of the effect depends on logger type and detection filter settings Clausen, K.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Marking a Decade of Monitoring, Research and Innovation Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Wozep underwater sound: frequency sensitivity of porpoises and seals de Jong, C.; von Benda-Beckmann, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Determining Habitat Use by Marine Mammals and Ambient Noise Levels Using Passive Acoustic Monitoring Offshore of Maryland Bailey, H.; Rice, A.; Wingfield, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Geological and Geophysical (G&G) Surveys Fact Sheet Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Characteristics of the soundscape before and after the construction of the Block Island Wind Farm Tripathy, A.; Miller, J.; Potty, G.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Documenting fish response to seismic surveying and establishing a baseline soundscape for reefs in Onslow Bay, North Carolina Paxton, A.; Voss, C.; Peterson, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates
Midterm Evaluation WOZEP 2018 Mulder, S.; van Mastrigt, A. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Underwater noise levels of pile-driving in a New Zealand harbour, and the potential impacts on endangered Hector's dolphins Leunissen, E.; Dawson, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Effects of larger turbines for the offshore wind farm at Krieger's Flak, Sweden. Assessment of impact on marine mammals Tougaard, J.; Mikaelsen, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds
Effective Offshore Piling Noise Mitigation in Deep Waters Elmer, K. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Understanding Marine Mammal Presence in the Virginia Offshore Wind Energy Area Salisbury, D.; Estabrook, B.; Klinck, H.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Predicting the impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on marine populations Nabe-Nielsen, J.; van Beest, F.; Grimm, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals
Validating automated click detector dolphin detection rates and investigating factors affecting performance Garrod, A.; Fandel, A.; Wingfield, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Effects of Noise on Marine Mammals Erbe, C.; Dunlop, R.; Dolman, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Noise Marine Mammals
Effects of Man-Made Sound on Fishes Hawkins, A.; Popper, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Noise Fish
The Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Marine Spatial Planning and Marine Renewables: Linking Concepts for Implementation. A Case Study from Scotland MacDonald, A. Thesis Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Effect of pile-driving sounds on harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) hearing Kastelein, R.; Helder-Hoek, L.; Kommeren, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Disturbance of harbour porpoises during construction of the first seven offshore wind farms in Germany Brandt, M.; Dragon, A.; Diederichs, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals
Inventory and assessment of models and methods used for describing quantifying and assessing cumulative effects of offshore wind farms van Oostveen, M.; Sierdsma, F.; Kwakkel, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Appendix D: Underwater Sound Monitoring Reports Amaral, J.; Beard, R.; Barham, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals
Field Observations During Wind Turbine Foundation Installation at the Block Island Wind Farm, Rhode Island Amaral, J.; Beard, R.; Barham, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish
Marine Noise Budgets in Practice Merchant, N.; Faulkner, R.; Martinez, R. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Guiding principles for assessing the impact of underwater noise Faulkner, R.; Farcas, A.; Merchant, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Summary Report: Best Management Practices Workshop for Atlantic Offshore Wind Facilities and Marine Protected Species Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Hearing thresholds, for underwater sounds, of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) swimming at the water surface Kastelein, R.; Helder-Hoek, L.; Terhune, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Assessing and Managing Effect Spheres of Influence Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Swimming Speed of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) During Playbacks of Offshore Pile Driving Sounds Kastelein, R.; Van de Voorde, S.; Jennings, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Taiwanese white dolphins and offshore wind farms Tougaard, J.; Mikaelsen, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan: Fish and Fisheries Study Ecology and Environment, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
New York State Offshore Wind Master Plan: Marine Mammals and Sea Turtles Study Ecology and Environment, Inc. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Human Dimensions
Bubble Curtains Attenuate Noise from Offshore Wind Farm Construction and Reduce Temporary Habitat Loss for Harbour Porpoises Dähne, M.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
A Framework for Regulating Underwater Noise During Pile Driving Andersson, M.; Andersson, S.; Ahlsén, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals
Automatic Detection of Humpback Whales and Localization of Sperm Whales during Marine Seismic Survey L'Her, C.; Vallez, S.; Gouriou, M. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Making Marine Noise Pollution Impacts Heard: The Case of Cetaceans in the North Sea within Life Cycle Impact Assessment Middel, H.; Verones, F. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Onset of Barotrauma Injuries Related to Number of Pile Driving Strike Exposures in Hybrid Striped Bass Casper, B.; Halvorsen, M.; Carlson, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Noise Fish, Demersal Fish
Broad-Scale Acoustic Monitoring for Cetaceans and Underwater Noise in Relation to Offshore Wind Farm Construction in Scotland Brookes, K.; Edwards, E.; Merchant, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Responses of bottlenose dolphins and harbor porpoises to impact and vibration piling noise during harbor construction Graham, I.; Pirotta, E.; Merchant, N.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Annual environmental report 2016 - Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
Behavioral Responses of a Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) to Sounds from an Acoustic Porpoise Deterrent Kastelein, R.; Huybrechts, J.; Covi, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Seismic survey noise disrupted fish use of a temperate reef Paxton, A.; Taylor, C.; Nowacek, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Marine Protected Areas and Offshore Wind Farms Sanders, N.; Haynes, T.; Goriup, P. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Avoidance Marine Mammals
Measurements of hydro sound emissions during internal jet cutting during monopile decommissioning Hinzmann, N.; Stein, P.; Gattermann, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Is There a State-of-the-Art to Reduce Pile-Driving Noise? Bellmann, M.; Schuckenbrock, J.; Gündert, S.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Lake Erie Monitoring Plan for the Offshore Wind Project: Icebreaker Wind LimnoTech Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: a Continued move towards Integration and Quantification Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment
Civil Engineering Aspects of a Wind Farm and Wind Turbine Structures Bhattacharya, S. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals

Displaying 251 - 300 of 537