Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Vulnerability and behavioural avoidance of Golden Eagles near wind farms during the breeding season Maynard, L.; Lemaître, J.; Therrien, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
This is EPIC: Extensive Periphery for Impact and Control to study seabird habitat loss in and around offshore wind farms combining a peripheral control area and Bayesian statistics Grundlehner, A.; Leopold, M.; Kersten, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds
Outlook on the development of eco-friendly offshore renewable energy technologies Sun, P.; Jiang, Z.; Chen, Y.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Impact of offshore wind farms on the fauna of the Baltic Sea Cieślewicz, N.; Pilarski, K.; Pilarska, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Environmental Effects of Offshore Wind Energy in the Gulf of Mexico: Compilation of Educational Research Briefs [Booklet] Severy, M.; Farr, H.; Richlen, M.; et al. Summary Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
System impacts of wind energy developments: Key research challenges and opportunities McKenna, R.; Lilliestam, J.; Heinrichs, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Diadromous Fish in the Context of Offshore Wind – Review of Current Knowledge & Future Research Honkanen, H.; Moore, I.; Roger, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Marine Fish Passage: Underappreciated Threats to Connectivity Within the Marine Environment Lennox, R.; Birnie-Gauvin, K.; Bate, C.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Riverine, Tidal, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Floating Offshore Wind Energy Infrastructure Nielsen, K.; Robertson, B.; Sierman, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Offshore wind and impacts on migratory waterfowl of the Atlantic flyway White, M. Thesis Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Passerines, Seabirds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
How should the use of offshore wind farms by birds be approached and should it be encouraged? Henry, S.; Bourgeois, K.; Cadiou, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Acoustic telemetry suggests the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula stays and uses habitats within a French offshore wind farm Labourgade, P.; Couturier, L.; Bourjea, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Ecological design of scour protection for offshore wind power Junquera Barbazán, P.; Sudjada, S. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Physical Environment
NMFS West Coast Offshore Wind Energy Strategic Science Plan National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Avoidance & Minimisation of Environmental Impacts from Offshore Wind & Grid Infrastructure Offshore Coalition For Energy & Nature (OCEaN) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Stakeholder Engagement
Schemes for Assessing Ecosystem Impacts in the Offshore Wind Siting Processes of European Countries and Implications for Korea Ahn, S.; Soh, Y.; Ryu, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Advancing Nature Inclusive Offshore Renewable Energy Solutions Conference Dutch Marine Energy Centre Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates
Options for biodiversity-friendly designs and approaches for offshore wind farms in Ireland BlueWise Marine Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance and Site Assessment Activities on the Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Offshore Maine Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Department of the Interior (DOI) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Water Quality, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation, Recreation & Tourism, Stakeholder Engagement
Commercial Wind Lease Issuance on the Pacific Outer Continental Shelf, Offshore Oregon Final Environmental Assessment Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM); US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); US Army Corps of Engineers; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Wind Energy: Technologies and Approaches to Help Address Environmental Effects United States Government Accountability Office Report Wind Energy Attraction, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Beneath the blades: Marine wind farms support parts of local biodiversity - a systematic review Knorrn, A.; Teder, T.; Kaasik, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Environmental DNA for monitoring the impact of offshore wind farms on fish and invertebrate community structures Cornelis, I.; De Backer, A.; Maes, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Black Terns (Chlidonias niger) beyond the breeding grounds: Occurrence, relative density, and habitat associations in the northern Gulf of Mexico Michael, P.; Gleason, J.; Haney, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy in the Field of Tension between Human Societies and Natural Systems Sander, L.; Jung, C.; Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Global Review on Environmental Impacts of Onshore Wind Energy and Their Implications for Forest Ecosystems Sander, L.; Jung, C.; Schindler, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Visual Impacts
Assessing environmental impacts of offshore wind farms: lessons learned and recommendations for the future [E3S] Rahman, F.; Kumar, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Chemicals, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Environmental impact of wind farms from a biodiversity perspective: A comparative study of terrestrial and marine wind farms Kończak, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals
Making eco-sustainable floating offshore wind farms: Siting, mitigations, and compensations Danovaro, R.; Bianchelli, S.; Brambilla, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The Potential Environmental Impacts of Floating Offshore Wind in California California Ocean Science Trust Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
Environmental impacts from large-scale offshore renewable-energy deployment Ouro, P.; Fernandez, R.; Armstrong, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Modeling the impact of floating offshore wind turbines on marine food webs in the Gulf of Lion, France Adge, M.; Lobry, J.; Tessier, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Using juvenile movements as a proxy for adult habitat and space use in long-lived territorial species: a case study on the golden eagle Hemery, A.; Duriez, O.; Itty, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds
A review on the interactions between engineering and marine life: key information for engineering professionals Dobson, T.; Lenchine, V.; Bainbridge, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Environmental Impact Assessment
Primary vs grey: A critical evaluation of literature sources used to assess the impacts of offshore wind farms Szostek, C.; Edwards-Jones, A.; Beaumont, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Habitat Change, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Thornton Bank Offshore Wind Farm Annual Report 2023 Magnus, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Offshore wind energy potential along the Indian Coast considering ecological safeguards Bonthu, S.; Purvaja, R.; Singh, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Using remote-sensing data to study the rapid growth of wind farms and their impact on bird habitat in Yellow Sea Wetland, China Zheng, Y.; Wu, J.; Sheviakina, N.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Habitat Change Birds
NextWind: Advancing Wind Energy Technology Using Real-Time Monitoring Systems in a Digital Twin Application Siddiqi, K.; Kramer, S.; Schneider, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Localized Eco-Climatic Impacts of Onshore Wind Farms: A Review Ze, J.; Xiuchun, Y.; Ang, C. ; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Physical Environment
The Relationship Between Offshore Wind Farms and Marine Wildlife in Rhode Island Lloyd, H. ; Caputo. A.; Foley. B.; et al. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals
Ectoparasitism and Energy Infrastructure Limit Survival of Preadult Golden Eagles in the Southern Great Plains Murphy, R.; Millsap, B.; Stahlecker, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Longterm response of offshore wind farms on wintering birds Nielsen, J.; Mortensen, M.; Yasmin, N.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Assessing the Use of Long-Term Lek Survey Data to Evaluate the Effect of Landscape Characteristics and Wind Facilities on Sharp Tailed Grouse Lek Dynamics in North Dakota and South Dakota Shaffer, J.; Buhl, D.; Newton, W. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds
Exploration of potential collaboration on preventive, mitigation and compensation measures van der Kamp, M.; Brekelmans, M.; Verweij, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Annotated Bibliography of Scientific Research on Greater Sage-Grouse Published from October 2019 to July 2022 Teige, E.; Maxwell, L.; Jordan, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part B) Odinga, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals
Quick scan of effects from large upscaling of offshore wind (part C) Quee, N. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Vision paper: Decommissioning offshore windparks in the Belgian part of the North Sea Van Maele, T.; Desplenter, N.; Van Aken, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Forecasting suitable areas for wind turbine occurrence to proactively improve wildlife conservation Boggie, M.; Butler, M.; Sesnie, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions

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