Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Wind energy's bycatch: Offshore wind deployment impacts on hydropower operation and migratory fish Pfeiffer, O.; Nock, D.; Baker, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
California Deepwater Investigations and Groundtruthing (Cal DIG) I, Volume 1: Biological Site Characterization Offshore Morro Bay Kuhnz, L.; Gilbane, L.; Cochrane, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
A pathway for citizen science data to inform policy: A case study using eBird data for defining low-risk collision areas for wind energy development Ruiz-Gutierrez, V.; Bjerre, E.; Otto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Wildlife Mortality in Wind Turbine Transformer Basins Meyer, S.; Matlack, R.; Ray, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds
South Fork Wind Farm Construction and Operations Plan Ørsted; Eversource Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Adaptive management to improve eagle conservation at terrestrial wind facilities New, L.; Simonis, J.; Otto, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds, Raptors
Optimistic with reservations: The impacts of the United States' first offshore wind farm on the recreational fishing experience Smythe, T.; Bidwell, D.; Tyler, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data
Behavioral patterns of bats at a wind turbine confirm seasonality of fatality risk Goldenberg, S.; Cryan, P.; Gorresen, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Attraction, Collision, Displacement Bats
Wind turbine blade material in the United States: Quantities, costs, and end-of-life options Cooperman, A.; Eberle, A.; Lantz, E. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment, Social & Economic Data
ThruTracker: Open-Source Software for 2-D and 3-D Animal Video Tracking Corcoran, A.; Schirmacher, M.; Black, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds
Ocean Justice: Strategies for an Equitable Implementation of North Carolina’s Offshore Wind Industry Schroeger, J. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Field testing an “acoustic lighthouse”: Combined acoustic and visual cues provide a multimodal solution that reduces avian collision risk with tall human-made structures Boycott, T.; Mullis, S.; Jackson, B.; et al. Journal Article Collision Birds
Guidelines for Lighting and Marking of Structures Supporting Renewable Energy Development Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Lighting Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Resource Occurrence and Productivity in Existing and Proposed Wind Energy Lease Areas on the Northeast US Shelf Friedland, K.; Methratta, E.; Gill, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates
Predicting migration routes for three species of migratory bats using species distribution models Wieringa, J.; Carstens, B.; Gibbs, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Near-term ecological forecasting for dynamic aeroconservation of migratory birds Horton, K.; Van Doren, B.; Albers, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision, Lighting Birds, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Megafauna Aerial Surveys in the Wind Energy Areas of Massachusetts and Rhode Island with Emphasis on Large Whales: Interim Report Campaign 6A, 2020 O'Brien, O.; McKenna, K.; Pendleton, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Supporting National Environmental Policy Act Documentation for Offshore Wind Energy Development Related to Avian Species Research Fernandez, K.; Middleton, P.; Salerno, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, Habitat Change Birds
Assessment of Seascape, Landscape, and Visual Impacts of Offshore Wind Energy Developments on the Outer Continental Shelf of the United States Sullivan, R. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Development and testing of a three-dimensional ballistics model for bat strikes on wind turbines Prakash, S.; Markfort, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Predicting Bald Eagle Collision at Wind Energy Facilities Nasman, K.; Bay, K.; Mattson, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Bats (Chiroptera) of Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Utah and Arizona Carpenter, G.; Pilkington, L.; Levorse, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Habitat Change Bats
Vineyard Wind 1 Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
U.S. Geological Survey Migratory Bird Science, 2020–21 Pearse, A.; Sherfy, M.; Wimer, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision, Habitat Change Bats, Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds, Passerines, Raptors, Physical Environment
Eagle fatalities are reduced by automated curtailment of wind turbines McClure, C.; Rolek, B.; Dunn, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Raptors
Review of the Impacts to Marine Fauna from Electromagnetic Frequencies (EMF) Generated by Energy Transmitted through Undersea Electric Transmission Cables Bilinski, J. Report Wind Energy EMF
Field Observations During Offshore Wind Structure Installation and Operation (Maryland Offshore Wind and Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind) Amaral, J.; Ampela, K.; Frankel, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
ROSA Offshore Wind Project Monitoring Framework and Guidelines ROSA Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Z1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and ESA-Listed Fish Species CSA Ocean Sciences Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind COP Appendix II-J: Essential Fish Habitat Assessment Environmental Design & Research, Landscape Architecture, Engineering, & Environmental Services, D.P.C. (EDR) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish
MOTION OF THE CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION FOR APPROVAL OF THE ELECTRIC PROGRAM INVESTMENT CHARGE INTERIM INVESTMENT PLAN 2021 California Energy Commission Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Integrating Social and Ecological Research on the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in North America ten Brink, T.; Dalton, T.; Livermore, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Social & Economic Data
A Biomimetic Ultrasonic Whistle for Use as a Bat Deterrent on Wind Turbines Sievert, P.; Modarres-Sadeghi, Y.; Smotherman, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
Offshore Wind Market Development and Transmission in the U.S. Northeast Smith, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Resident perceptions of local offshore wind energy development: Modeling efforts to improve participatory processes Gonyo, S.; Fleming, C.; Freitag, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Final Report of the California Current Ecosystem Survey (CCES) 2018: A PacMAPPS Study Moore, J. Report Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
South Fork Wind Farm COP Appendix P1: Assessment of Impacts to Marine Mammals, Sea Turtles, and Sturgeon CSA Ocean Sciences Inc Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles
Farmers vs. lakers: Agriculture, amenity, and community in predicting opposition to United States wind energy development Bessette, D.; Mills, S. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
How Noise Affects Bats and What It Reveals About Their Biosonar Systems Smotherman, M.; Simmons, A.; Simmons, J. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Noise Bats
Bats Flying at High Altitudes McCracken, G.; Lee, Y.; Gillam, E.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats
NABat: A top-down, bottom-up solution to collaborative continental-scale monitoring Reichert, B.; Bayless, M.; Cheng, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Bats, Human Dimensions
Observations and Simulations of a Wind Farm Modifying a Thunderstorm Outflow Boundary Tomaszewski, J.; Lundquist, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Final Report for New York Bight Whale Monitoring Passive Acoustic Surveys: October 2017 - October 2020 Estabrook, B.; Hodge, K.; Salisbury, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
BOEM Offshore Wind Energy Facilities Emission Estimating Tool — Version 2.0 User’s Guide Chang, R.; Mendenhall, S.; Lamie, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy Human Dimensions
Optimization of Towed Passive Acoustic Monitoring (PAM) Array Design and Performance Study (Passive Acoustic Monitoring Study) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy Noise Marine Mammals
Passive Ultrasonic Deterrents to Reduce Bat Mortality in Wind Farms Sharma, A. Presentation Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Bats
Assessing movements of birds using digitally-coded VHF transmitters: A validation study Paton, P.; Cooper-Mullin, C.; Kouhi, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement Birds
U.S. Geological Survey Science for the Wyoming Landscape Conservation Initiative—2018 Annual Report Anderson, P.; Aldridge, C.; Alexander, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy Habitat Change Human Dimensions
Tracking Movements of Migratory Shorebirds in the U.S. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf Region Loring, P.; Lenske, A.; McLaren, D.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Shorebirds
Digital Aerial Baseline Survey of Marine Wildlife in Support of Offshore Wind Energy. Overview and Summary. Robinson Willmott, J.; Clerc, J.; Vukovich, M.; et al. Report Birds, Marine Mammals, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning

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