Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Marine biodiversity related to establishment of offshore wind turbines: A case study from Kriegers Flak in the western Baltic Sea Dahl, K.; Buur, H.; Göke, C.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Anholt Wind Farm's Impact on Benthic Biodiversity at Turbine and Farm Level Dahl, K.; Robinson, B.; Buur, H.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Kriegers Flak II Technical Report - Bats Christensen, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Bats
Longterm response of offshore wind farms on wintering birds Nielsen, J.; Mortensen, M.; Yasmin, N.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Wind Farm Blockage Revealed by Fog: The 2018 Horns Rev Photo Case Hasager, C.; Nygaard, N.; Poulos, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Protecting avian wildlife for wind farm siting: The Screening Tool Proof of Concept Salkanovic, E. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Waterfowl, Human Dimensions
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Anholt Offshore Windfarm - Stabilisation of Cable Protection Systems and Cables at Scour Protected Monopile Locations and the Offshore Substation Grindlay, S.; Fischer, G. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Probabilistic Assessment and Comparison of Scour Protections at Horns Rev 3 and Egmond aan Zee Offshore Wind Farms Chambel, J.; Fazeres-Ferradosa, T.; Figueiredo, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Quantifying Raptors’ Flight Behavior to Assess Collision Risk and Avoidance Behavior to Wind Turbines Linder, A.; Lyhne, H.; Laubek, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds, Raptors
Do demand-based obstruction lights on wind turbines increase community annoyance? Evidence from a Danish case Aaen, S.; Lyhne, I.; Rudolph, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Lighting Human Dimensions, Navigation, Social & Economic Data
A Temporal Boosted YOLO-Based Model for Birds Detection around Wind Farms Alqaysi, H. ; Fedorov, I. ; Qureshi, F.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Collision Birds
How loud is the underwater noise from operating offshore wind turbines? Tougaard, J.; Hermannsen, L.; Madsen, P. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Environmental Impact Assessment, Marine Spatial Planning
Relative impacts of multiple human stressors in estuaries and coastal waters in the North Sea–Baltic Sea transition zone Andersen, J.; Al-Hamdani, Z.; Harvey, E.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Reaction to a 3D Seismic Airgun Survey in the North Sea Sarnocinska, J.; Teilmann, J.; Balle, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Noise Propagation Calculations of a Wind Turbine in Complex Terrain Sessarego, M.; Shen, W. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise
Noise affects porpoise click detections – the magnitude of the effect depends on logger type and detection filter settings Clausen, K.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Avoidance, Displacement, Noise Marine Mammals
Assessment of system effects of large-scale implementation of offshore wind in the southern North Sea Boon, A.; Caires, S.; Wijnant, I.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Physical Environment
Second year post-construction monitoring of bats and birds at Wind Turbine Test Centre Østerild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Bats
The Effect of Simulated Seal Scarer Sounds on Harbour Porpoises Hermannsen, L.; Mikkelsen, L.; Tougaard, J. Report Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Pinnipeds, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Low Frequency Alternating Current (LFAC) Transmission Systems for Offshore Wind Farms: Case Studies on the Use of LFAC, Based on Horns Rev 3 Offshore Wind Farm Allgot, K. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Physical Environment
Environmental Assessment for Decommissioning of Vindeby Offshore Wind Farm Ørsted Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm: Technical Project Description for the largescale offshore wind farm (600 MW) at Kriegers Flak Energinet Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Noise
Long-Term Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm in the North Sea on Fish Communities Stenberg, C.; Støttrup, J.; van Duers, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Pelagic Fish, Fish, Demersal Fish
Offshore wind climatology based on synergetic use of Envisat ASAR, ASCAT and QuikSCAT Hasager, C.; Mouche, A.; Badger, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
First Year Post-Construction Monitoring of Bats and Birds at Wind Turbine Test Centre Østerild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Birds, Bats
New Achievements in Underwater Noise Modelling for Offshore Pile Driving Trimoreau, B.; Lutzen, R.; Kringelum, J.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Horns Rev 3 Offshore Wind Farm: Offshore Noise Emission Wigham, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Effects of Noise and By-Catch on a Danish Harbour Porpoise Population Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Sibly, R.; Tougaard, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Power Production in the North Sea Draget, E. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
AdBm Demonstration at Butendiek Offshore Wind Farm with Ballast Nedam AdBm Technologies Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Horns Rev 3 Offshore Wind Farm: Air Traffic Beeden, D.; Leonhard, S.; Jensen, F. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Navigation, Stakeholder Engagement
Re-Established Stony Reef Attracts Harbour Porpoises Phocoena phocoena Mikkelsen, L.; Mouritsen, K.; Dahl, K.; et al. Journal Article Attraction Marine Mammals
Danish Offshore Wind Key Environmental Issues - A Follow-up Danish Energy Agency; Danish Nature Agency; Dong Energy; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Marine Mammals
Guidance Document on Environmental Impact Assessment: Danish Offshore Wind Farms NIRAS Guidance Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Negative Long Term Effects on Harbour Porpoises from a Large Scale Offshore Wind Farm in the Baltic - Evidence of Slow Recovery Teilmann, J.; Carstensen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Negative long term effects on harbour porpoises from a large scale offshore wind farm in the Baltic—evidence of slow recovery Teilmann, J.; Carstensen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Horns Rev 2 Offshore Wind Farm Bird Monitoring Program 2010-2012 Skov, H.; Leonhard, S.; Heinänen, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change, Collision, Avoidance Birds
Effects on Harbour Porpoises from Rødsand 2 Offshore Wind Farm Teilmann, J.; Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals
Small Scale Distribution of Fish in Offshore Wind Farms Hansen, K.; Stenberg, C.; Møller, P. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Offshore Wind Farms and their Impact on Fish Abundance and Community Structure Stenberg, C.; Dinesen, G.; van Deurs, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Baseline investigations of bats and birds at wind turbine test Centre Asterild Therkildsen, O.; Elmeros, M.; Kahlert, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Birds, Bats
Short- and Long-Term Effects of an Offshore Wind Farm on Three Species of Sandeel and their Sand Habitat van Deurs, M.; Grome, T.; Kaspersen, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Interactions Between Seals and Offshore Wind Farms McConnell, B.; Lonergan, M.; Dietz, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Effects of Wind Farms on Harbour Porpoise Behavior and Population Dynamics Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Tougaard, J.; Teilmann, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Porpoises North of Sprogø Before, During and After Construction of an Offshore Wind Farm Tougaard, J.; Carstensen, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Marine Mammals
Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities: Follow-up Seven Years after Construction Leonhard, S.; Stenberg, C.; Støttrup, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Comparing Pre- and Post-Construction Distributions of Long-Tailed Ducks Clangula hyemalis in and around the Nysted Offshore Wind Farm, Denmark: A Quasi-Designed Experiment Accounting for Imperfect Detection, Local Surface Features and Autocorrelation Petersen, I.; Mackenzie, M.; Rexstad, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Waterfowl, Birds
The Effects of Landscape Modifications on the Long-Term Persistence of Animal Populations Nabe-Nielsen, J.; Sibly, R.; Forchhammer, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
General Models of the Spatial Distribution of Porpoises Require Representative Data and Parsimony: Comment on Skov & Thomsen (2008) Tougaard, J.; Wisz, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Marine Mammals

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