Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Wind Energy Technologies Office Multi-Year Program Plan Fiscal Years 2021—2025 Marlay, R.; Ahlgrimm, J.; Clapper, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Potential impacts of submarine power cables from marine renewable energy projects on benthic communities Taormina, B. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Offshore Wind Farm Artificial Reefs Affect Ecosystem Structure and Functioning: A Synthesis Degraer, S.; Carey, D.; Coolen, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Could federal wind farms influence continental shelf oceanography and alter associated ecological processes? A literature review. Miles, T.; Murphy, S.; Kohut, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Cumulative effects of marine renewable energy and climate change on ecosystem properties: Sensitivity of ecological network analysis Noguès, Q.; Raoux, A.; Araignous, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Fish, Human Dimensions
Fish assemblages of three common artificial reef designs during early colonization Hylkema, A.; Debrot, A.; Osinga, R.; et al. Journal Article Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
The environmental impact from an offshore windfarm: Challenge and evaluation methodology based on an ecosystem approach Pezy, J.; Raoux, A.; Dauvin, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Quantifying the differences in avian attack rates on reptiles between an infrastructure and a control site Law, C.; Lancaster, L.; Hall, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Reptiles
Capturing threshold responses of marine benthos along gradients of natural and anthropogenic change Couce, E.; Engelhard, G.; Schratzberger, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Operational-dependent wind turbine wake impact on surface momentum flux revealed by snow-powered flow imaging Abraham, A.; Hong, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes
Isotopic analyses, a good tool to validate models in the context of Marine Renewable Energy development and cumulative impacts Raoux, A.; Pezy, J.; Ernande, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Impact of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Ecosystems, Pelagic Species and Fishing Negro, V.; del Campo, J.; Luengo Frades, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Displacement Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Pelagic Fish, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Recreation & Tourism
On the food-web ecology of offshore wind farms, the kingdom of suspension feeders Mavraki, N. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Using Artificial-Reef Knowledge to Enhance the Ecological Function of Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations: Implications for Fish Abundance and Diversity Glarou, M.; Zrust, M.; Svendsen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish
Ecological best practice in decommissioning: a review of scientific research Fortune, I.; Paterson, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
The ecology of infrastructure decommissioning in the North Sea: what we need to know and how to achieve it Fowler, A.; Jørgensen, A.; Coolen, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Ecosystem Processes
Functional differences in trophic structure of offshore wind farm communities: A stable isotope study Mavraki, N.; Degraer, S.; Moens, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Mapping of Benthic Habitats at Marine Renewable Energy Sites Using Multibeam Echosounder and Sediment Profile Imaging Technologies Revelas, E.; Sackmann, B.; Maher, N.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Science in support of ecologically sound decommissioning strategies for offshore man-made structures: taking stock of current knowledge and considering future challenges Birchenough, S.; Degraer, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Fish Assemblages Associated with a Newly Deployed Eco-Engineered Artificial Seawall in the Intercoastal Waters of Port Everglades Cinti, O. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates
Biodiversity conservation versus wind power development in the state of Oklahoma: assessing opinion where green interests collide Burch, C. Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Challenges of future energy landscapes in Germany — a nature conservation perspective Ponitka, J.; Boettner, S. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Toward an Ecosystem Approach of Marine Renewable Energy: The Case of the Offshore Wind Farm of Courseulles-sur-Mer in the Bay of Seine Niquil, N.; Raoux, A.; Haraldsson, M.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings Gulka, J.; Williams, K. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Seasonal Variations of Marine Environment and Primary Production in the Taiwan Strait Tseng, H.; You, W.; Huang, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Water Quality
Potential environmental impacts of wind energy development: A global perspective Nazir, M.; Ali, N.; Bilal, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes
Options for biodiversity enhancement in offshore wind farms Bureau Waardenburg bv Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Early conservation benefits of a de facto marine protected area at San Clemente Island, California Esgro, M.; Lindholm, J.; Nickols, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Impactos ambientales de los parques eólicos y líneas de transmisión de energía sobre la biodiversidad de áreas protegidas del departamento de la Guajira-Colombia Garavito-Terrez, L Thesis Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Guía para la descripción de centrales eólicas de generación de energía eléctrica en el SEIA (segunda edición) Servicio de Evaluación Ambiental de Chile Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions
Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: Empirical Evidence Inspiring Priority Monitoring, Research and Management Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Rumes, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Development of Underwater Flora and Fauna Communities on Hard Substrates of the Offshore Wind Farm Egmond aan Zee Lengkeek, W.; Bouma, S. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes
Lynn and Inner Dowsing Hydrographic Monitoring Survey Fugro EMU Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Marine Renewable Energy: Potential Benefits to Biodiversity? An Urgent Call for Research Inger, R.; Attrill, M.; Bearhop, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Marine Energy Ecosystem Processes
Environmental Assessment of Offshore Wind Power Generation near Rhode Island: Acoustic and Electromagnetic Effects on Marine Animals Miller, J.; Potty, G.; Raposa, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Noise Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Energy Sprawl or Energy Efficiency: Climate Policy Impacts on Natural Habitat for the United States of America McDonald, R.; Fargione, J.; Kiesecker, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Spatial and Seasonal Relationships Between Pacific Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) and their Prey, at Multiple Scales Grigg, E.; Klimley, A.; Allen, S.; et al. Journal Article Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Offshore and Coastal Renewable Energy: Potential Ecological Benefits and Impacts of Large-scale Offshore and Coastal Renewable Energy Projects Linley, A.; Laffont, K.; Wilson, B.; et al. Report Marine Energy Ecosystem Processes
Understanding and Managing Human Threats to the Coastal Marine Environment Crain, C.; Halpern, B.; Beck, M.; et al. Journal Article Chemicals, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Human Dimensions
Positive Planning for Onshore Wind Expanding Onshore Wind Energy Capacity while Conserving Nature Bowyer, C.; Baldock, D.; Tucker, G.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Ecosystem Processes
Offshore Wind Farms in the Belgian Part of the North Sea: State of the Art After Two Years of Environmental Monitoring Degraer, S.; Brabant, R. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Early colonisation of a concrete offshore windmill foundation by marine biofouling on the Thornton Bank (southern North Sea) Kerckhof, F.; Norro, A.; Jacques, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Physical Environment

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