Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind and marine renewable energy, supporting the OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
The State of the Science on Wildlife and Offshore Wind Energy Development: Workshop Proceedings Gulka, J.; Williams, K. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Marine Mammals, Reptiles
Ecological impact of decommissioning offshore wind farms Teunis, M.; Collier, M.; Bakker, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals, Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Seabirds, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Differential Vulnerability to Ship Strikes Between Day and Night for Blue, Fin, and Humpback Whales Based on Dive and Movement Data From Medium Duration Archival Tags Calambokidis, J.; Fahlbusch, J.; Szesciorka, A.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Monitoring of Marine Mammal Strandings Along French Coasts Reveals the Importance of Ship Strikes on Large Cetaceans: A Challenge for the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive Peltier, H.; Beaufils, A.; Cesarini, C.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
PHAROS4MPAs: A Review of Solutions to Avoid and Mitigate Environmental Impacts of Offshore Windfarms Defingou, M.; Bils, F.; Horchler, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Effect of anthropogenic light on bird movement, habitat selection, and distribution: A systematic map protocol Adams, C.; Blumenthal, A.; Fernández-Juricic, E.; et al. Journal Article Lighting Birds
Safeguarding Marine Protected Areas in the Growing Mediterranean Blue Economy: Recommendations for the Offshore Wind Energy Sector WWF France Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Lighting, Noise Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
SEA Wave D2.2 Critical analysis of environmental mitigation and monitoring strategies Fox, J. Report Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions, Stakeholder Engagement
Attraction of nocturnally migrating birds to artificial light: The influence of colour, intensity and blinking mode under different cloud cover conditions Rebke, M.; Dierschke, V.; Weiner, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Lighting Birds
Best Management Practices for North Atlantic Right Whales During Offshore Wind Energy Construction and Operations Along the U.S. East Coast Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The influence of wind turbine visibility on the health of local residents: a systematic review Freiberg, A.; Schefter, C.; Hegewald, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Endogenous cycles, activity patterns and energy expenditure of an intertidal fish is modified by artificial light pollution at night (ALAN) Pulgar, J.; Zeballos, D.; Vargas, J.; et al. Journal Article Lighting Fish
Assessing bird avoidance of high-contrast lights using a choice test approach: implications for reducing human-induced avian mortality Goller, B.; Blackwell, B.; DeVault, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Lighting Birds
Environmental Sensitivity and Associated Risk to Habitats and Species Offshore Central California and Hawaii from Offshore Floating Wind Technologies Morandi, A.; Berkman, S.; Rowe, J.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise, Vessel Strike Bats, Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
High mortality of blue, humpback and fin whales from modeling of vessel collisions on the U.S. West Coast suggests population impacts and insufficient protection Rockwood, R.; Calambokidis, J.; Jahncke, J. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals
Spoiled darkness? Sense of place and annoyance over obstruction lights from the world’s largest wind turbine test centre in Denmark Rudolph, D.; Kirkegaard, J.; Lyhne, I.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Lighting Visual Impacts, Social & Economic Data, Human Dimensions
Technological solutions to reduce the environmental impacts of wind-energy systems Megavind Report Wind Energy Collision, Displacement, Lighting, Noise Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Visual Impacts
Renewables, Shipping, and Protected Species: A Vanishing Opportunity for Effective Marine Spatial Planning? Petruny, L.; Wright, A.; Smith, C. Book Chapter Noise, Vessel Strike Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Navigation
Barriers and Benefits: Implications of Artificial Night-Lighting for the Distribution of Common Bats in Britain and Ireland Mathews, F.; Roche, N.; Aughney, T.; et al. Journal Article Lighting Bats
Environmental and Ecological Impacts of Wind Energy on Humans: Public Health Issues Walker, R.; Swift, A. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Lighting, Noise Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Do Raptors React to Ultraviolet Light? Hunt, W.; McClure, C.; Allison, T. Journal Article Lighting Birds, Raptors
Red Aviation Lights on Wind Turbines do not Increase Bat-Turbine Collisions Hale, A.; Bennett, V. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Lighting, Collision Bats
Vessel Strikes to Large Whales Before and After the 2008 Ship Strike Rule van der Hoop, J.; Vanderlaan, A.; Cole, T.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Has Designating and Protecting Critical Habitat had an Impact on Endangered North Atlantic Right Whale Ship Strike Mortality? Mullen, K.; Peterson, M.; Todd, S. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Evaluation of Lighting Schemes for Offshore Wind Facilities and Impacts to Local Environments Orr, T.; Herz, S.; Oakley, D. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Lighting
Symmetry: The Key to Diagnosing Propeller Strike Injuries in Sea Mammals Byard, R.; Machado, A.; Woolford, L.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy Vessel Strike Marine Mammals
Offshore Obstruction Lighting - Issues and Mitigation Blew, J.; Nehls, G.; Prall, U. Presentation Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Lighting Birds
Vessel Operator Response to a Voluntary Measure for Reducing Collisions with Whales Silber, G.; Adams, J.; Bettridge, S. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Absolute Probability Estimates of Lethal Vessel Strikes to North Atlantic Right Whales in Roseway Basin, Scotian Shelf van der Hoop, J.; Vanderlaan, A.; Taggart, C. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
The Assessment of Lethal Propeller Strike Injuries in Sea Mammals Byard, R.; Winskog, C.; Machado, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
REPCET Realtime Plotting of Cetaceans: Presentation of the System Mayol, P. Report Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Unusual Mortality of Pinnipeds in the United Kingdom Associated with Helical (Corkscrew) Injuries of Anthropogenic Origin Bexton, S.; Thompson, D.; Brownlow, A.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Light-Induced Bird Strikes on Vessels in Southwest Greenland Merkel, F.; Johansen, K. Journal Article Lighting, Vessel Strike Birds, Seabirds, Waterfowl
Night Migrant Fatalities And Obstruction Lighting At Wind Turbines In North America Kerlinger, P.; Gehring, J.; Erickson, W.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Lighting, Collision Birds
The Dark Side of Light: A Transdisciplinary Research Agenda for Light Pollution Policy Hölker, F.; Moss, T.; Griefhan, B.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Lighting
Hydrodynamics of a Ship/Whale Collision Silber, G.; Slutsky, J.; Bettridge, S. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Association Between Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus) Mortality and Ship Strikes Along the California Coast Berman-Kowalewski, M.; Gulland, F.; Wilkin, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Mechanics of the Right Whale Mandible: Full Scale Testing and Finite Element Analysis Tsukrov, I.; DeCew, J.; Baldwin, K.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Communication Towers, Lights, and Birds: Successful Methods of Reducing the Frequency of Avian Collisions Gehring, J.; Kerlinger, P.; Manville, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Lighting Bats, Birds, Fish
Endangered Fish and Wildlife; Final Rule To Implement Speed Restrictions to Reduce the Threat of Ship Collisions With North Atlantic Right Whales National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS); National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Guidance Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Gross and Histologic Evidence of Sharp and Blunt Trauma in North Atlantic Right Whales (Eubalaena glacialis) Killed by Vessels Campbell-Malone, R.; Barco, S.; Daoust, P.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Green Light For Nocturnally Migrating Birds Poot, H.; Ens, B.; De Vries, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Lighting Birds
Green Light to Birds: Investigation into the Effect of Bird-Friendly Lighting van de Laar, F. Report Lighting Birds, Passerines, Shorebirds, Waterfowl
Modeling the Effect of Vessel Speed on Right Whale Ship Strike Risk Kite-Powell, H.; Knowlton, A.; Brown, M. Report Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Importance Of The Artificial Light Field Around Offshore Petroleum Platforms For The Associated Fish Community Keenan, S.; Benfield, M.; Blackburn, J. Journal Article Lighting Fish
Vessel Collisions with Whales: The Probability of Lethal Injury Based on Vessel Speed Vanderlaan, A.; Taggart, C. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Using Ship Speed and Mass to Describe Potential Collision Severity with Whales: An Application of the Ship Traffic, Energy and Environment Model (STEEM) Wang, C.; Lyons, S.; Corbett, J.; et al. Report Vessel Strike Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Forensic Methods for Characterizing Watercraft from Watercraft-Induced Wounds on the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) Rommel, S.; Costidis, A.; Pitchford, T.; et al. Journal Article Vessel Strike Marine Mammals
Response of Night-Migrating Songbirds in Cloud to Colored and Flashing Light Evans, W.; Akashi, Y.; Altman, N.; et al. Journal Article Lighting Birds, Passerines
Influences of Artificial Light on Marine Birds Montevecchi, W. Book Chapter Lighting Birds, Seabirds

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