Knowledge Base - Wind Energy

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind energy, supporting the WREN initiative. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Revolution Wind Farm and Revolution Wind Export Cable Project Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) BOEM Office of Renewable Energy Programs Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Bats, Birds, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) from subsea power cables in the natural marine environment Gill, A.; Hutchison, Z.; Desender, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan TRC Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Considerations for Floating Wind Energy Development in the Gulf of Maine Musial, W.; MacDonald, S.; Fuchs, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data, Stakeholder Engagement
Spatiotemporal occurrence of bats at the southern North Sea 2017-2020 Lagerveld, S.; Geelhoed, S.; Wilkes, T.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Diving into a just transition: How are fisheries considered during the emergence of renewable energy production in Scottish waters? Withouck, I.; Tett, P.; Doran, J.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Life cycle assessment of a floating offshore wind farm in Italy Brussa, G.; Grosso, M.; Rigamonti, L. Journal Article Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Life Cycle Assessment
Residency and habitat use of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) within an offshore wind farm Thatcher, H.; Stamp, T.; Wilcockson, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Cumulative effects of offshore renewables: From pragmatic policies to holistic marine spatial planning tools Declerck, M.; Trifonova, N.; Hartley, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Maryland Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan: Appendix II E1 - Essential Fish Habitat Assessment TRC Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Suivi écologique le long du fuseau: Suivi substrats rocheux et enrochements en 2021: Suivi substrats meubles en 2022 TBM Environnement Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Power Analysis for Optimal Design of a Passive Acoustic Monitoring Network for US East Coast Offshore Wind Chudzinska, M.; Thomas, L. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Protected species considerations for ocean planning: A case study for offshore wind energy development in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Farmer, N.; Garrison, L.; Litz, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles, Sea Turtles, Marine Spatial Planning
Scenario studies on potential ecosystem effects in future offshore wind farms in the North Sea Zijl, F.; Stendert, L.; Leummens, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Water Quality
Annual environmental report 2022 – Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Nobelwind Offshore Energy: Annual Work Report 2022 Nobelwind Offshore Energy Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Shutting down offshore wind turbines during peak bird migration Rijkswaterstaat Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Collision Birds
Spatial Impact of Wind Farm Construction on Harbor Porpoise Detectability van Geel, N.; Benjamins, S.; Marmo, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
EDEN 2000: Exploring Options For A Nature-Proof Development of Offshore Wind Farms Inside A Natura 2000 Area Degraer, S.; Brabant, R.; Vanaverbeke, J. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Beacon Wind Project: Beacon Wind 1 and Beacon Wind 2 Construction and Operations Plan AECOM Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental benthos survey, Hywind Scotland Moskeland, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment
Mapping Environmental Considerations for Marine Spatial Planning in Wales: Methodology Murray, L.; Bloomfield, H.; Skates, L. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms Lefaible, N.; Braeckman, U.; Degraer, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Eco-friendly reef restoration pilots in offshore wind farms Bos, O.; Kamermans, P.; Tonk, L.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions
Exploring agenda-setting of offshore energy innovations: Niche-regime interactions in Dutch Marine Spatial Planning processes Kusters, J.; van Kann, F.; Zuidema, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Geospatial dimensions of the renewable energy transition — The importance of prioritisation Butschek, F.; Peters, J.; Remmers, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning
Scoping Opinion for Dogger Bank D Offshore Wind Farm The Planning Inspectorate for England and Wales Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Do the metals released by galvanic anodes used in offshore wind farms pose a risk to the marine environment? Henry, S.; Amouroux, I.; Aragon, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Chemicals Physical Environment, Water Quality
What are the potential effects of the electromagnetic fields produced by offshore wind farm power cables on marine organisms? Henry, S.; Carlier, A.; Chauvaud, S.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates
Development of a Cumulative Impact Assessment tool for birds in Norwegian Offshore Waters: Trollvind OWF as a case study Layton-Matthews, K.; Buckingham, L.; Critchley, E.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Birds
Metabarcoding of sediment eDNA communities at the Hywind Scotland OWF – A pilot study Hestetun, J.; Dahlgren, T. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Habitat Change
Trade-offs between fisheries, offshore wind farms and marine protected areas in the southern North Sea – Winners, losers and effective spatial management Püts, M.; Kempf, A.; Mollmann, C.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Marine Spatial Planning
Field Observations During Offshore Wind Structure Installation and Operation, Volume 2 Ampela, K.; Bacon, C.; Khan, A.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise
Guide to a floating offshore wind farm BVG Associates Guidance Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Physical Environment
Evaluating the Benefits of Noise Reduction Mitigation: The ECHO Program Malinka, C.; Tollit, D.; Trounce, K.; et al. Book Chapter Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Setting EU Threshold Values for continuous underwater sound Druon, J.; Hanke, G.; Casier, M. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
Small effect sizes are achievable in offshore wind monitoring surveys Livermore, J.; Truesdale, C.; Ransier, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Setting EU Threshold Values for impulsive underwater sound Sigray, P.; Andersson, M.; André, M.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Ecosystem Processes, Marine Mammals
Offshore Wind Energy and Seabird Collision Vulnerability in California Grover, W. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind South Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
U.S. Offshore Wind Energy Noise Reduction Associated with Installation of Fixed-Bottom Foundations: Workshop Report Green, R.; Farr, H.; Ryan, K.; et al. Workshop Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Characterisation of underwater operational noise of two types of floating offshore wind turbines Risch, D.; Favill, G.; Marmo, B.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Noise Marine Mammals
The large-scale impact of anthropogenic mixing by offshore wind turbine foundations in the shallow North Sea Christiansen, N.; Carpenter, J.; Daewel, U.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport
Towards Digital Twins of the Oceans: The Potential of Machine Learning for Monitoring the Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms on Marine Environments Schneider, J.; Klüner, A.; Zielinski, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind Construction and Operations Plan for Commercial Lease OCS Atlantic Shores Offshore Wind, LLC Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement Bats, Birds, Fish, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment, Fisheries, Visual Impacts
Revolution Wind COP Appendix Y: Fisheries and Benthic Monitoring Plan INSPIRE Environmental Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
The effect of offshore windfarms on hyperbenthic communities in the Belgian Part of the North Sea Vansteelandt, M. Thesis Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Physical Environment
Social Acceptance of a Reduced-Footprint Synthetic Mooring System for Floating Offshore Wind Turbines in the Gulf of Maine Green, R.; MacDonald, S.; Fuchs, R.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
Anglers' support for an offshore wind farm: Fishing effects or clean energy symbolism Bidwell, D.; Smythe, T.; Tyler, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Bluepoint Wind: Semi-Annual Progress Report (November 1, 2022 – April 30, 2023) Bluepoint Wind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions

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