Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind and marine renewable energy, supporting the OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Setting the Context for Offshore Wind Development Effects on Fish and Fisheries Gill, A.; Degraer, S.; Lipsky, A.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Human Dimensions, Fisheries, Stakeholder Engagement
The Interaction Between Resource Species and Electromagnetic Fields Associated with Electricity Production by Offshore Wind Farms Hutchison, Z.; Secor, D.; Gill, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind EMF Fish, Invertebrates
Potential impacts of submarine power cables from marine renewable energy projects on benthic communities Taormina, B. Thesis Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Ocean energy and the environment: Research and strategic actions ETIP Ocean Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning
Potential Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development—The State of the Science Copping, A.; Hemery, L.; Overhus, D.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
A Review on Environmental and Social Impacts of Thermal Gradient and Tidal Currents Energy Conversion and Application to the Case of Chiapas, Mexico Rivera, G.; Felix, A.; Mendoza, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, OTEC, Tidal Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ecosystem Processes, Physical Environment, Fish, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
2020 State of the Science Report - Chapter 13: Risk Retirement and Data Transferability for Marine Renewable Energy Copping, A.; Freeman, M.; Gorton, A.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave EMF, Noise Human Dimensions
2020 State of the Science Report - Chapter 5: Risk to Animals from Electromagnetic Fields Emitted by Electric Cables and Marine Renewable Energy Devices Gill, A.; Desender, M. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave EMF Fish, Invertebrates
OES-Environmental 2020 State of the Science Report: Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Development Around the World Copping, A.; Hemery, L. Report Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Entanglement, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Seabirds, Shorebirds, Waterfowl, Ecosystem Processes, Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Pinnipeds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Reptiles, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
A current synthesis on the effects of electric and magnetic fields emitted by submarine power cables on invertebrates Albert, L.; Deschamps, F.; Jolivet, A.; et al. Journal Article EMF Invertebrates
Short Science Summary 2020: Electromagnetic Fields OES-Environmental Summary Marine Energy EMF
Annual environmental report 2019 – Belwind Belwind Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, EMF, Habitat Change Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Physical Environment, Human Dimensions, Navigation
Orientation behavior and swimming speed of Atlantic herring larvae (Clupea harengus) in situ and in laboratory exposures to rotated artificial magnetic fields Cresci, A.; Allan, B.; Shema, S.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish
Review of Available Models for Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Buenau, K.; Garavelli, L.; Hemery, L.; et al. Report Marine Energy Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise
Risk Retirement for Environmental Effects of Marine Renewable Energy Copping, A.; Freeman, M.; Overhus, D. Report Marine Energy Attraction, Avoidance, Changes in Flow, Collision, Displacement, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Seabirds, Physical Environment, Sediment Transport, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Anthropogenic electromagnetic fields (EMF) influence the behaviour of bottom-dwelling marine species Hutchison, Z.; Gill, A.; Sigray, P.; et al. Journal Article EMF Fish, Demersal Fish
Risk Retirement—Decreasing Uncertainty and Informing Consenting Processes for Marine Renewable Energy Development Copping, A.; Freeman, M.; Gorton, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF, Noise Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Immune response of mollusk Onchidium struma to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF, 50 Hz) exposure based on immune-related enzyme activity and De novo transcriptome analysis Zhang, M.; Wang, J.; Sun, Q.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates
Electric and magnetic senses in marine animals, and potential behavioral effects of electromagnetic surveys Nyqvist, D.; Durif, C.; Gullikstad Johnsen, M.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Cetaceans, Reptiles
Impact of magnetic fields generated by AC/DC submarine power cables on the behavior of juvenile European lobster (Homarus gammarus) Taormina, B.; Di Poi, C.; Agnalt, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy EMF Invertebrates, Legal & Policy
A sense of place: pink salmon use a magnetic map for orientation Putman, N.; Williams, C.; Gallagher, E.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy Displacement, EMF Fish, Pelagic Fish
Potential effects of electromagnetic fields in the Dutch North Sea Phase 2: Pilot field study Snoek, R.; Bohm, C.; Didderen, K.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF
A Risk Retirement Pathway for Potential Effects of Underwater Noise and Electromagnetic Fields for Marine Renewable Energy Development Copping, A.; Freeman, M.; Gorton, A.; et al. Conference Paper Marine Energy EMF, Noise
Offshore Windmills and the Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Fish Öhman, M.; Sigray, P.; Westerberg, H. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF Fish
On the Electrodetection Threshold of Aquatic Vertebrates with Ampullary or Mucous Gland Electroreceptor Organs Peters, R.; Eeuwes, L.; Bretschneider, F. Journal Article EMF
Magnetic Maps in Animals: Nature's GPS Lohmann, K.; Lohmann, C.; Putman, N. Journal Article EMF Reptiles, Invertebrates, Birds
From Morphology to Neural Information: The Electric Sense of the Skate Camperi, M.; Tricias, T.; Brown, B. Journal Article Marine Energy EMF Fish
Rhyl Flats Offshore Wind Farm Monitoring Statement (Version 1.4) npower renewables Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind EMF, Habitat Change Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
On Electric Fields of Power Lines and on Their Perception by Freshwater Fish Basov, B. Journal Article EMF Fish
Bats Avoid Radar Installations: Could Electromagnetic Fields Deter Bats from Colliding with Wind Turbines? Racey, P.; Nicholls, B. Journal Article Wind Energy Avoidance, Collision, EMF Bats
Marine Turtles use Geomagnetic Cues during Open-Sea Homing Luschi, P.; Benhamou, S.; Girard, C.; et al. Journal Article EMF Reptiles
Field Based Experimental Studies of Marine Organism Response to Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Associated with Marine Renewable Energy Devices: Understanding the Environmental Impacts Gill, A. Research Study Marine Energy EMF Fish

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