Knowledge Base

The Knowledge Base provides access to documents and information about the environmental effects of wind and marine renewable energy, supporting the OES-Environmental and WREN initiatives. Relevant documents from around the world are compiled into a user-friendly table that displays all content available in Tethys. Results can be narrowed using the keyword filters on the right, or with search terms entered in the text box, including targeted searches (e.g., org:DOE, author:copping). Content may also be sorted alphabetically by clicking on column headers. Some entries will appear on the next page.

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Searches title, abstract, authors, and organization.
Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Reduced survival in a soaring bird breeding in wind turbine proximity along the northern Baltic Sea coast Nebel, C.; Stjernberg, T.; Tikkanen, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement Birds, Raptors
Quantifying land impacts of wind energy: a regional-scale assessment in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Byholm, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Habitat Change Physical Environment
Co-location of fisheries and offshore wind farms: Current practices and enabling conditions in the North Sea Bonsu, P.; Letschert, J.; Yates, K.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Avoidance of offshore wind farms by Sandwich Terns in the North Sea increases with turbine density van Bemmelen, R.; Leemans, J.; Collier, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Avoidance Birds, Seabirds
Long-term monitoring of bird migration across the North and Norwegian Seas Cordes, L.; May, R. Report Birds
The presence of wind turbines repels bats in boreal forests Gaultier, S.; Lilley, T.; Vesterinen,E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance Bats
EU Species Protection Law and Wind Energy: Current Challenges and Danish Experiences Anker, H.; Olsen, B. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Human Dimensions
Wind energy expansion and birds: Identifying priority areas for impact avoidance at a national level Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Santangeli, A.; Piirainen, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Avoidance, Habitat Change Birds, Ecosystem Processes
Balancing profitability of energy production, societal impacts and biodiversity in offshore wind farm design Virtanen, E.A.; Lappallainen, J.; Nurmi, M.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind, Floating Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Marine Spatial Planning, Social & Economic Data
Review and outlook on the international renewable energy development Zhao, Y. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
An echosounder view on the potential effects of impulsive noise pollution on pelagic fish around windfarms in the North Sea Kok, A.; Bruil, L.; Berges, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Noise Fish, Pelagic Fish
Risks to different populations and age classes of gannets from impacts of offshore wind farms in the southern North Sea Pollock, C.; Lane, J.; Buckingham, L.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Birds, Seabirds
A roadmap towards quantitative cumulative impact assessments: Every step of the way Piet, G.; Tamis, J.; Volwater, J.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision, Displacement, Noise Birds, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals, Human Dimensions
Accelerating deployment of offshore wind energy alter wind climate and reduce future power generation potentials Akhtar, N.; Geyer, B.; Rockel, B.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Capercaillie and Wind Energy: An international research project Taubmann, J.; Coppes, J.; Andrén, H. Report Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Post-construction bird and bat fatality monitoring studies at wind energy projects in Latin America: A summary and review Agudelo, S.; Mabee, T.; Palmer, R.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision Bats, Birds
A critical review on environmental impacts of renewable energy systems and mitigation strategies: Wind, hydro, biomass and geothermal Sayad, E. ; Wilberforce, T.; Elsaid, K.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy
Habitat use by post-fledging white-tailed eagles shows avoidance of human infrastructure and agricultural areas Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Tikkanen, H.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
An Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Extracting Marine Renewable Energy in the Coastal Environment of the Black Sea Zburlea, L.; Rusu, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Changes in Flow, Collision, EMF, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Marine Mammals, Physical Environment
Assessing the vulnerability of breeding bird populations to onshore wind-energy developments in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Valkama, J.; Byholm, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Collision, Displacement, Habitat Change Birds, Ground-Nesting Birds
Echolocation activity of harbour porpoises, Phocoena phocoena, shows seasonal artificial reef attraction despite elevated noise levels close to oil and gas platforms Clausen, K.; Teilmann, J.; Wisniewska, D.; et al. Journal Article Attraction, Habitat Change, Noise Marine Mammals, Cetaceans
Biodiversity and bird surveys in Finnish environmental impact assessments and follow-up monitoring Mäkeläinen, S.; Lehikoinen, A. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Human Dimensions, Environmental Impact Assessment
Towards sustainable blue energy production: an analysis of legal transformative and adaptive capacity Simila, J.; Soininen, N.; Paukku, E. Journal Article Marine Energy, Riverine, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy
Against the Tide: Potential for Marine Renewable Energy in Eastern and Southern Africa Belletti, E.; McBride, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Riverine, Tidal Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
IEA-OES Annual Report: An Overview of Ocean Energy Activities in 2020 Ocean Energy Systems (OES) Report Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Modelling the habitat selection of the bearded vulture to predict areas of potential conflict with wind energy development in the Swiss Alps Vignali, S.; Lörcher, F.; Hegglin, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Raptors
Ocean renewable energy development in Southeast Asia: Opportunities, risks and unintended consequences Quirapas, M.; Taeihagh, A. Journal Article Marine Energy, Ocean Current, Tidal, Wave Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Social & Economic Data
Initial Environmental Report for the ELEMENT Project Gaborieau, H.; Thiébaut, M.; Quillienn, N.; et al. Report Marine Energy, Tidal Collision, Habitat Change, Noise Birds, Fish, Invertebrates, Marine Mammals
Red-throated Diver Energetics Project: Preliminary Results from 2018/19 Duckworth, J.; Green, J.; Daunt, F.; et al. Report Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Displacement Birds, Waterfowl
Social embeddedness of policy actors. The failure of consumer-owned wind energy in Finland Ratinen, M. Journal Article Wind Energy Human Dimensions, Legal & Policy, Stakeholder Engagement
Automatic Bird Identification for Offshore Wind Farms Niemi, J.; Tanttu, J. Book Chapter Fixed Offshore Wind Birds
Assessing space use by pre-breeding white-tailed eagles in the context of wind-energy development in Finland Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Saurola, P.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Modelling golden eagle habitat selection and flight activity in their home ranges for safer wind farm planning Tikkanen, H.; Rytkönen, S.; Karlin, O.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Birds, Raptors
Multi-Platform Concepts for Combining Offshore Wind Energy and Fish Farming in Freezing Sea Areas: Case Study in the Gulf of Bothnia Mikkola, E.; Heinonen, J.; Kankainen, M.; et al. Conference Paper Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Human Dimensions, Fisheries
How many observation days are needed to reliably describe bird migration? Tanskanen, A.; Yrjola, R.; Baum, U.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy Collision Birds
Understanding the Potential Risk to Marine Mammals from Collision with Tidal Turbines Copping, A.; Grear, M.; Jepsen, R.; et al. Journal Article Tidal, Marine Energy Collision Marine Mammals
Evidence of the migratory bat, Pipistrellus nathusii, aggregating to the coastlines in the Northern Baltic Sea Ijas, A.; Kahlilainen, A.; Vasko, V.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Bats
Global ecological success of Thalassoma fishes in extreme coral reef habitats Fulton, C.; Wainwright, P.; Hoey, A.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Fish, Demersal Fish
Wave energy in Europe: Views on experiences and progress to date O'Hagan, A.; Huertas, C.; O'Callaghan, J.; et al. Journal Article Wave, Marine Energy Stakeholder Engagement, Legal & Policy, Human Dimensions
Proximity to wind-power plants reduces the breeding success of the white-tailed eagle Balotari-Chiebao, F.; Brommer, J.; Niinimaki, T.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind Raptors, Birds
Role of Benthic Habitat Distribution Data in Coastal Water Wind Turbine Site Selection Sahla, M.; Kalliola, R.; Haldin, M. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates
Expected Effects of Offshore Wind Farms on Mediterranean Marine Life Bray, L.; Reizopoulou, S.; Voukouvalas, E.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Seabird Flight Behavior and Height in Response to Altered Wind Strength and Direction Ainley, D.; Porzig, E.; Zajanc, D.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Birds, Seabirds
Does Stability in Local Community Composition Depend on Temporal Variation in Rates of Dispersal and Connectivity? Valanko, S.; Norkko, J.; Norkko, A. Journal Article Wave, Marine Energy Invertebrates
Review and guidance on use of “shutdown-on-demand” for wind turbines to conserve migrating soaring birds in the Rift Valley/Red Sea Flyway BirdLife International Guidance Wind Energy, Land-Based Wind, Fixed Offshore Wind Collision Bats, Birds
RiCORE Project Gray, D.; O'Hagan, A.; Bald, J.; et al. Research Study Wave, Tidal, Marine Energy Human Dimensions
Source Levels of the Underwater Calls of a Male Leopard Seal Rogers, T. Journal Article Marine Mammals, Pinnipeds
Assessing Environmental Impacts of Offshore Wind Farms: Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future Bailey, H.; Brookes, K.; Thompson, P. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Noise, Displacement, Collision, Avoidance, Attraction Marine Mammals, Ecosystem Processes, Birds
Biodiversity Offsets for Offshore Wind Farm Projects: The Current Situation in Europe Vaissière, A.; Levrel, H.; Pioch, S.; et al. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
Beach response to wave energy converter farms acting as coastal defence Mendoza, E.; Silva, R.; Zanuttigh, B.; et al. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Changes in Flow Physical Environment

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