Habitat Change Evidence Base

As part of the risk retirement process, OES-Environmental has developed "evidence bases" for several key stressors. The evidence bases are lists of key research papers and monitoring reports for each stressor that support risk retirement for small numbers of MRE devices. The evidence bases have been reviewed by international subject matter experts at conferences and online workshops as part of OES-Environmental's outreach and engagement strategy.

The evidence base for habitat change was presented during an online workshop on August 18, 2020. The status of knowledge for habitat change was split into key categories in order to assess each aspect of risk: learning from surrogate industries, effects of installation/removal on benthos, changes in community composition on and near devices, artificial reef effect, and indirect effects. More information about the event can be found here. Additional information on habitat change can be found in the Tethys Knowledge Base, in Chapter 3 of the 2024 State of the Science Report, and in Chapter 6 of the 2020 State of the Science Report.

The table below contains the relevant literature to this summary.

Title Author Date Content Type Technology Stressor Receptor
Colonisation of wave power foundations by mobile mega- and macrofauna – a 12 year study Bender, A., Langhamer, O., Sundberg, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Attraction, Habitat Change Fish, Invertebrates
Development of epibenthic assemblages on artificial habitat associated with marine renewable infrastructure Sheehan, E., Cartwright, A., Witt, M., Attrill, M., Vural, M., Holmes, L. Journal Article Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Benthic effects of offshore renewables: identification of knowledge gaps and urgently needed research Dannheim, J., Bergström, L., Birchenough, S., Brzana, R., Boon, A., Coolen, J., Dauvin, J., De Mesel, I., Derweduwen, J., Gill, A., Hutchison, Z., Jackson, A., Janas, U., Martin, G., Raoux, A., Reubens, L., Rostin, L., Vanaverbeke, J., Wilding, T., Wilhelmsson, D., Degraer, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Invertebrates
The trade-off between tidal-turbine array yield and environmental impact: A habitat suitability modelling approach du Feu, R., Funke, S., Kramer, S., Hill, J., Piggott, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Predictable changes in fish school characteristics due to a tidal turbine support structure Williamson, B., Fraser, S., Williamson, L., Nikora, V., Scott, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction Fish
Assessing the impact of introduced infrastructure at sea with cameras: A case study for spatial scale, time and statistical power Bicknell, A., Sheehan, E., Godley, B., Doherty, P., Witt, M. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Invertebrates
Meta-Analysis of Finfish Abundance at Offshore Wind Farms Methratta, E., Dardick, W. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Fish
Measuring sensitivity of two OSPAR indicators for a coastal food web model under offshore wind farm construction Raoux, A., Lassalle, G., Pezy, J., Tecchio, S., Safi, G., Ernande, B., Mazé, C., Le Loch, F., Lequesne, J., Girardin, V., Dauvin, J., Niquil, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Ecosystem Processes
BioFREE: An International Study of Biofouling Impacts on the Marine Renewable Energy Industry Want, A., Porter, J. Conference Paper Marine Energy Invertebrates
Linking ecosystem services with epibenthic biodiversity change following installation of offshore wind farms Causon, P., Gill, A. Journal Article Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Social & Economic Data
A review of potential impacts of submarine power cables on the marine environment: Knowledge gaps, recommendations and future directions Taormina, B., Bald, J., Want, A., Thouzeau, G., Lejart, M., Desroy, N., Carlier, A. Journal Article Habitat Change
Fish Distributions in a Tidal Channel Indicate the Behavioural Impact of a Marine Renewable Energy Installation Fraser, S., Williamson, B., Nikora, V., Scott, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Attraction Fish
Benthic biodiversity on old platforms, young wind farms, and rocky reefs Coolen, J., van der Weide, B., Cuperus, J., Blomberg, M., Van Moorsel, G., Faasse, M., Bos, O., Degraer, S., Lindeboom, H., Norkko, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Invertebrates
Environmental benefits of leaving offshore infrastructure in the ocean Fowler, A., Jørgensen, A., Svendsen, J., Macreadie, P., Jones, D., Boon, A., Booth, D., Brabant, R., Callahan, E., Claisse, J., Dahlgren, T., Degraer, S., Dokken, Q., Gill, A., Johns, D., Leewis, R., Lindeboom, H., Linden, O., May, R., Murk, A., Ottersen, G., Schroeder, D., Shastri, S., Teilmann, J., Todd, V., Van Hoey, G., Vanaverbeke, J., Coolen, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change
Anthropogenic disturbance facilitates a non-native species on offshore oil platforms Viola, S., Page, H., Zaleski, S., Miller, R., Doheny, B., Dugan, J., Schroeder, D., Schroeter, S. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Habitat Change Invertebrates
Seabed recovery following protective burial of subsea cables - Observations from the continental margin Kraus, C., Carter, L. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates
Using Coupled Hydrodynamic Biogeochemical Models to Predict the Effects of Tidal Turbine Arrays on Phytoplankton Dynamics Schuchert, P., Kregting, L., Pritchard, D., Savidge, G., Elsäßer, B. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Ecosystem Processes
Effect of an Offshore Wind Farm on the Viviparous Eelpout: Biometrics, Brood Development and Population Studies in Lillgrund, Sweden Langhamer, O., Dahlgren, T., Rosenqvist, G. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Attraction, Avoidance, Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Tidal Energy: The Benthic Effects of an Operational Tidal Stream Turbine O'Carroll, J., Kennedy, R., Creech, A., Savidge, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Pelagic effects of offshore wind farm foundations in the stratified North Sea Floeter, J., van Beusekom, J., Auch, D., Callies, U., Carpenter, J., Dudeck, T., Eberle, S., Eckhardt, A., Gloe, D., Hanselmann, K., Hufnagl, M., Janssen, S., Lenhart, H., Moller, K., North, R., Pohlmann, T., Riethmuller, R., Schulz, S., Spreizenbarth, S., Temming, A., Walter, B., Zielinski, O., Mollmann, C. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Physical Environment, Fish, Pelagic Fish
Offshore marine constructions as propagators of moon jellyfish dispersal Vodopivec, M., Peliz, Á ., Malej, A. Journal Article Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Biodiversity Characterisation and Hydrodynamic Consequences of Marine Fouling Communities on Marine Renewable Energy Infrastructure in the Orkney Islands Archipelago, Scotland, UK Want, A., Crawford, R., Kakkonen, J., Kiddie, G., Miller, S., Harris, R., Porter, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal, Wave Habitat Change Invertebrates
Changes in Fish Communities on a Small Spatial Scale, an Effect of Increased Habitat Complexity by an Offshore Wind Farm van Hal, R., Griffioen, A., van Keeken, O. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish
Mobile Demersal Megafauna at Common Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations in the German Bight (North Sea) Two Years after Deployment - Increased Production Rate of Cancer pagurus Krone, R., Dederer, G., Kanstinger, P., Krämer, P., Schneider, C., Schmalenbach, I. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Invertebrates
Identifying Relevant Scales of Variability for Monitoring Epifaunal Reef Communities at a Tidal Energy Extraction Site O'Carroll, J., Kennedy, R., Savidge, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Invertebrates
Benthic and Fish Aggregation Inside an Offshore Wind Farm: Which Effects on the Trophic Web Functioning? Raoux, A., Tecchio, S., Pezy, J., Lassalle, G., Degraer, S., Wilhelmsson, D., Cachera, M., Ernande, B., Guen, C., Haraldsson, M., Grangeré, K., Le Loc'h, F., Dauvin, J., Niquil, N. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Habitat Change Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
Benthic effects of artificial structures deployed in a tidal estuary Mendoza, M., Henkel, S. Journal Article Changes in Flow, Habitat Change Invertebrates
The location of offshore wave power devices structures epifaunal assemblages Langhamer, O. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wave Habitat Change Invertebrates
Assessment of Benthic Effects of Anchor Presence and Removal Henkel, S. Report Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Do Changes in Current Flow as a Result of Arrays of Tidal Turbines Have an Effect on Benthic Communities? Kregting, L., Elsaesser, B., Kennedy, R., Smyth, D., O'Carroll, J., Savidge, G. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Invertebrates
Distribution of the invasive Caprella mutica Schurin, 1935 and native Caprella linearis (Linnaeus, 1767) on artificial hard substrates in the North Sea: separation by habitat Coolen, J., Lengkeek, W., Degraer, S., Kerckhof, F., Kirkwood, R., Lindeboom, H. Journal Article Habitat Change Invertebrates
Spatial Ecosystem Modelling of Marine Renewable Energy Installations: Gauging the Utility of Ecospace Alexander, K., Meyjes, S., Heymans, J. Journal Article Marine Energy Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Short-term effects of fishery exclusion in offshore wind farms on macrofaunal communities in the Belgian part of the North Sea Coates, D., Kapasakali, D., Vincx, M., Vanaverbeke, J. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind Invertebrates, Human Dimensions, Fisheries
Potential Environmental Impact of Tidal Energy Extraction in the Pentland Firth at Large Spatial Scales: Results of a Biogeochemical Model van der Molen, J., Ruardij, P., Greenwood, N. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Changes in Flow Physical Environment
Biofouling Community Composition across a Range of Environmental Conditions and Geographical Locations Suitable for Floating Marine Renewable Energy Generation Macleod, A., Stanley, M., Day, J., Cook, E. Journal Article Marine Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Offshore Wind Park Monitoring Programmes, Lessons Learned and Recommendations for the Future Lindeboom, H., Degraer, S., Dannheim, J., Gill, A., Wilhelmsson, D. Journal Article Wind Energy, Fixed Offshore Wind
Effects of submarine power transmission cables on a glass sponge reef and associated megafaunal community Dunham, A., Pegg, J., Carolsfeld, W., Davies, S., Murfitt, I., Boutillier, J. Journal Article Marine Energy, Wind Energy Habitat Change Invertebrates
Evaluating the Potential for Marine and Hydrokinetic Devices to Act as Artificial Reefs or Fish Aggregating Devices, Based on Analysis of Surrogates in Tropical, Subtropical, and Temperate U.S. West Coast and Hawaiian Coastal Waters Kramer, S., Hamilton, C., Spencer, G., Ogston, H. Report Marine Energy Habitat Change Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
In-Situ Ecological Interactions with a Deployed Tidal Energy Device; An Observational Pilot Study Broadhurst, M., Barr, S., Orme, D. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Fish, Demersal Fish, Pelagic Fish
Spatial and Temporal Benthic Species Assemblage Responses with a Deployed Marine Tidal Energy Device: A Small Scaled Study Broadhurst, M., Orme, C. Journal Article Marine Energy, Tidal Ecosystem Processes, Invertebrates
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