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- Long et al.
The rapid growth of renewable offshore energy development has raised concerns that underwater noise from construction and operation of offshore devices may interfere with communication of marine animals. An underwater sound model was developed to simulate sound propagation from marine and hydrokinetic energy (MHK) devices or offshore wind (OSW) energy platforms. Finite difference methods were…
- Weers et al.
The Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) industry is in the early stages of development corresponding to low technology readiness levels (TRLs) where the ability of the MRE community (developers, researchers, academics, stakeholders, investors, and regulators) to work together to share knowledge, experience, and lessons learned is critical to the advancement of the entire MRE industry. Through…
- Weers et al.
On behalf of Ocean Energy Systems (OES) and the U.S. Department of Energy, the Portal and Repository for Information on Marine Renewable Energy (PRIMRE) team, led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and Sandia National Laboratories (Sandia), hosted the fourth international workshop to explore marine energy data sharing on May 8,…
- Farr et al.
When marine energy data and information are openly available, they can be used to guide research and development, inform siting and consenting, and increase stakeholder buy-in through transparency. The impact of making them available can be enhanced by also ensuring they are easily accessible and discoverable for everyone. The U.S. Department of Energy’s Portal and Repository for Information…
- Copping et al.
On behalf of Ocean Energy Systems (OES) and the U.S. Department of Energy, the PRIMRE (Portal and Repository for Information on Marine Renewable Energy) team held the third international workshop to explore the potential for sharing marine energy data, following successful workshops in 2021and 2022. The workshop was held online, hosted by the three U.S. national laboratories that make up the…
- Yu et al.
This report is an addendum to SAND2013-9040: Methodology for Design and Economic Analysis of Marine Energy Conversion (MEC) Technologies. This report describes an oscillating surge wave energy converter (OSWEC) reference model design and complements Reference Models 1–4 in the above report. A conceptual design for a taut, moored OSWEC was developed. The design had an annual electrical power of…
- Green et al.
The blue economy is a dynamic and rapidly growing movement that captures the interplay between economic, social, and ecological sustainability of the ocean and encompasses numerous maritime sectors and activities (e.g., commerce and trade; living resources; renewable energy; minerals, materials, and freshwater; and ocean health and data). The demand for ocean data to inform scientific, risk…
- Cavagnaro et al.
Marine renewable energy (i.e., wave, tidal or ocean current, thermal gradient, and salinity gradient) or MRE can revolutionize ocean observing capabilities. Five use cases representing a range of ocean observing platforms were developed based on end-user feedback. Drawing from these use cases, common needs or functional requirements were developed to help guide the integration of MRE power…
- Ouro-Koura et al.
As oceans cover over 70% of the planet’s surface, they represent a large reservoir of resources that remained vastly untapped. Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) are becoming key technology for ocean exploration. Ocean thermal gradient is a permanent and reliable energy source that can be used to power UUVs using phase change material (PCM)-based thermal engines. When using PCM-based thermal…
- Cavagnaro et al.
Marine renewable energy (MRE) encompasses the harvest of energy from the movement of ocean waters in the form of either currents or waves, as well as temperature and salinity differentials. To date, most MRE development has focused on utility-scale electrical grid generation, but a growing body of work focuses on non-grid applications in the blue economy where MRE could provide power on-site…
- Copping et al.
… of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Water Power Technologies Office (WPTO). A. Copping, L. Garavelli, and H. Farr are with Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in Seattle, WA (e-mail: andrea.copping@pnnl.gov, lysel.garavelli@pnnl.gov, hayley.farr@pnnl.gov). and F. Driscoll is with the …
- Farr et al.
The marine energy industry is advancing from early-stage research and development towards large scale deployments and commercialization. Many US participants have been active in the industry for over a decade and have learned some hard-fought lessons. This study sought to capture these lessons and ensure that knowledge is not lost, past mistakes are avoided, and successes are capitalized on.…
- Zhaoqing et al.
At this early stage in development, marine energy appears to be best suited for powering offgrid applications including generating and using power at sea, and for supplying the electricity needs for small coastal communities and islands. Estimating the available marine energy resources for these smaller scale uses requires assessing power densities that are specific to areas where the power…
- Copping et al.
The "Powering the Blue Economy" (PBE) Report identified ocean observing and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) recharge as near-term markets with significant potential for marine energy integration when specified qualitative and quantitative assessment criteria were used. The ocean observing market (including AUVs) scored high relative to other markets analyzed in the PBE Report…
- Ouro-Koura et al.
Uncrewed underwater vehicles (UUVs) significantly benefit from phase change material (PCM)-based ocean thermal energy harvesting for long mission duration. However, this technology relies on different parameters that are critical to its efficiency. Sea trials indicated that a design using this technology has lower performance than its initial specifications. This underperformance results from…
- Neary et al.
This paper presents results of the Reference Model Project (RMP), which began five years ago to facilitate Marine Energy Conversion (MEC) technology development and market acceleration. The four Reference Models presented herein are point designs of common MEC technology archetypes that allowed the benchmarking of technical and economic performance, and the identification of knowledge gaps,…
- Jung et al.
Thermal gradient energy-generation technologies for powering unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) or autonomous sensing systems in the ocean are mainly in the research development phase or commercially available at a limited scale, and salinity-gradient energy-generation technologies have not been adequately researched yet. The demand for self-powered UUVs suitable for long-term deployments has…
- Neary et al.
This report describes the development of four Marine Energy Conversion (MEC) technology Reference Models for producing renewable electricity from water currents (tidal, open-ocean, and river) and waves. Each Reference Model is a “point design,” a term used to emphasize that it is a unique device designed for a reference resource site modeled after an actual site in the United States. The…
- Fao et al.
The 4th Marine Energy Instrumentation and Data workshop was held on March 16 - 17 2022. This gathering brought together marine energy (ME) developers, researchers, and stakeholders to discuss the current state of ME technologies and the industry's instrument and data needs. The overall objective of the workshop was to identify gaps facing the ME industry for needed data collection,…
- Bull et al.
This report is an addendum to SAND2013-9040: Methodology for Design and Economic Analysis of Marine Energy Conversion (MEC) Technologies. This report describes an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converter reference model design in a complementary manner to Reference Models 1-4 contained in the above report. In this report, a conceptual design for an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy…
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