TY - RPRT
TI - Potential effects of electromagnetic fields in the Dutch North Sea Phase 1: Desk Study
AU - Snoek, R
AU - Swart, R
AU - Didderen, K
AU - Lengkeek, W
AU - Teunis, M
AB - A strong development of offshore wind farms (OWFs) in the Dutch coastal zone is foreseen in the coming years. These OWFs will be connected to land by subsea power cables that transport the generated energy to shore. These cables generate electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and induced electric fields (iEFs) in the marine environment.The impact of these electromagnetic fields on the marine ecosystem is largely unknown. Limited available literature indicates possible disturbance or avoidance at the cables by certain species. However, knowledge about the impact on species that are specifically present in the Dutch North Sea is lacking.To get more insight in the potential impact of EMFs on species present in the Dutch North Sea, a combined desk study (Phase 1) and experimental pilot study (Phase 2) will be conducted. This report describes the results of Phase 1 (desk study). 
CY - Netherlands
DA - 2016/10//
PY - 2016
SP - 95
PB - WaterProof Marine Consultancy & Services BV.
UR - https://www.noordzeeloket.nl/publish/pages/122296/potential_effects_of_electromagnetic_fields_in_the_dutch_north_sea_-_phase_1_desk_study_rws_wvl.pdf
LA - English
KW - Wind Energy
KW - Fixed Offshore Wind
KW - EMF
KW - Fish
KW - Invertebrates
KW - Marine Mammals
KW - Reptiles
KW - Sea Turtles
ER -